The political process of pension reform in Brazil: from FHC to Bolsonaro
Pension reform; Incrementalism; political process
The political process of pension reform in Brazil: from FHC to Bolsonaro is a study whose general objective was to analyze the political processes underlying pension reforms and their results in the social protection system. As an analytical framework, we used the assumptions of incremental science developed by Charles Lindblom and supported by the empirical studies of Aaron Wildavsky's budget process. As for the methodological aspects, it is a qualitative research that used: the method of narratives to reconstruct the histories of the political processes of pension reforms, from the analysis of journalistic materials, diaries of the national congresses, proposals for amendment to the constitution and complementary laws. As a result, it was identified that both the political process and the results of the reforms occur incrementally, as the political processes are formed by diverging objectives and values and decisions are made not based on the values surrounding the protection systems. But of the decisions that each one would make in relation to the problem. It was also possible to identify from the results of the changes, that the reforms aimed at improving the income distribution of the system and making it more egalitarian, have shrunk earnings and transformed the social protection system into a minimum income program.