Banca de DEFESA: MARIANNA SANTOS RODRIGUES

Uma banca de DEFESA de MESTRADO foi cadastrada pelo programa.
STUDENT : MARIANNA SANTOS RODRIGUES
DATE: 27/06/2022
TIME: 08:00
LOCAL: sala de video conferencia
TITLE:

Relationship between stress, personality traits and social support: a comparative studybetween parents of children and youth with autism spectrum disorder.

KEY WORDS:

parental stress; autism; personality traits

PAGES: 145
BIG AREA: Ciências Humanas
AREA: Psicologia
SUBÁREA: Psicologia do Desenvolvimento Humano
SPECIALTY: Desenvolvimento Social e da Personalidade
SUMMARY:

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by changes in social interaction, communication, and behavior, in different degrees of severity. Dealing with the management of the child's needs with the diagnosis of ASD requires skills and resources from family members that can favor overload and, consequently, parental stress. Stress is triggered by parental perceptions that identify the events faced as above coping capacity. This overload can trigger the presence of symptoms of anxiety and depression, as well as physical health problems. The objective of the study was to evaluate the relationship of personality traits, coping strategies and social support with the level of stress, anxiety symptoms, depression in parents of children and young people diagnosed with ASD. This manuscript presents the results of the research carried out, as a requirement for obtaining the Master's degree in Health Psychology from the Professional Master's Program in Health Psychology (UFBA). It is organized into three independent articles. The first study investigated the evidence presented in the literature on how personality traits influence stress and coping in mothers of individuals with ASD. The method used was a systematic literature review, carried out in the following databases: Portal BVS-Psi, Scielo, PubMed and Medline, between 2009-2019. The main evidence points out that a high level of stress is present in mothers with children with autism, in 90% of the studies. The assessment of personality traits was not very expressive, with 15% of the surveys, but demonstrating that maternal stress is related to personality traits, with attention to neuroticism and extroversion. The second and third articles present the results of the research with a quantitative, cross-sectional design. A total of 346 participants participated, with a mean age of 37 years (sd = 6.48), in which 93.6% (324) are mothers and 6.4% (22) are fathers, from the five regions of Brazil. The research procedure consisted of online data collection, through the Redcap platform. To participate in the research, all agreed with the ethical aspects described in the Free and Informed Consent Term (FICT). Study 2 aimed to assess the emotional state (stress, anxiety and depression) and compare groups between parents of children and parents of young people with ASD. Parents were divided into three groups based on the age of their children: G1 0-5 years (M 3.64 years / sd 1.07), G2 6-11 years (M 8.0 / sd 1.61) and G3 over 12 years (M 16.30 / SD 5.2). Data analysis consisted of descriptive analysis, Spearman correlation tests, Kruskal-Wallis tests and post hoc Dunn's test, and multiple regression analysis. The results show symptoms of moderate to very severe levels, stress in 48% (n=149), anxiety in 50% (n=156) and depression in 46% (n=144) of the participants. The comparison analysis of groups by stage of development showed differences in Stress variables: Restriction of behavior in G3 (p<0.010) and Disability of the Child, in G1 (p<0.001). In the evaluation of behaviors, with the ABC scale, they presented differences in terms of Inappropriate Speech in G2 and G3 (p<0.001 in both), and in terms of Lethargy the difference was pointed out in G3 (p<0.003). The children's age and behavior make up a stress predictor model for this study (R²=0.33; p<0.000). Greater stress response was observed in parents of younger children and young people. Stress was also the strongest predictor of changes in behavior. This implies that more attention should be paid to the emotional states of the parents, considering the perception of severity of ASD behavior and the child's developmental stage. Study 3 evaluated the interaction of stress related to having a child with ASD, psychological distress, types of coping and personality traits of the parents. Data analysis consisted of Spearman correlation tests, multiple regression analysis and mediation. The correlations between stress and coping strategies: confrontation, withdrawal, self-control, escape, and positive reappraisal were weak to moderate, ranging from rhô from 0.20 to 0.30; p<0.001, For the correlations between personality traits with stress, anxiety and depression, Neuroticism showed positive correlations: Stress (ρ = 0.36 p<0.001), Depression (ρ= 0, 50 p<0.001), and Anxiety (ρ 0.38 p<0.001). While Conscientiousness showed negative correlations: Stress (QE-PTD) (ρ= -0.33 p<0.001), Anxiety (ρ= -0.17 p<0.001) and Depression (ρ= -0.38 p<0.001 ). In the regression analysis, the strategies of Escape, Confront, and Positive Reappraisal (R² = 0.16 p<0.000) and Neuroticism (R² = 0.15 p<0.000) as predictors of specific stress. In the mediation analysis, the indirect effects of Neuroticism were observed in the stress/depression [b = 0.3242 (95% BCa CI = 0.20; 0.45)] and stress/anxiety [b = 0.2269 ( 95% BCa IC = 0.1155; 0.3567)]. The results of the studies demonstrate that problem-focused coping strategies and the Neuroticism trait are variables that influence the emotional states (stress, anxiety, and depression) of parents with children with ASD. The work presents a model with individual variables that favors the understanding of the relationship between stress and coping in families, in the context of ASD. The early detection of behavioral changes, emotional states, coping strategies, and personality traits is a differential in the care and care of the family with ASD. More efficient interventions can be proposed regarding the type and quality of care, in the management of stressful events.

BANKING MEMBERS:
Interna - 1878474 - EDI CRISTINA MANFROI
Interna - 319.229.558-92 - GABRIELA ANDRADE DA SILVA - UFSB
Externo à Instituição - MAYCOLN LEÔNI MARTINS TEODORO - UFMG
Presidente - 1552649 - PATRICIA MARTINS DE FREITAS