The change in the landscape can be understood as the result of various transformations arising from natural factors or due to human activity. Agricultural systems, especially those shaped from the perspective of traditional and modernized agriculture, are the main modifiers of the rural landscape, as the interaction between humans and the land can have various consequences for the environment. Thus, understanding how the modification of the rural landscape occurs through agricultural practice, and understanding how this space is constructed, is an increasingly discussed necessity. For family farming, these changes were exacerbated after the "modernization of agriculture," driven by the so-called Green Revolution movement, which brought technological advances to the field driven by capital, influencing the landscape and its practices and traditions. As an alternative to these changes, agroecology emerges as an alternative to reclaim traditional knowledge, bringing a new perspective to agriculture, and seeking to promote environmentally and socially sustainable development, based on a harmonious relationship between humans and the land. Thus, the research investigated the effect of agricultural activity, based on traditional cassava cultivation, on the transformation of the rural landscape in the Fazenda Campos community, municipality of Amélia Rodrigues, Bahia, using quantitative and qualitative methods. Methodologically, semi-structured questionnaires, interviews, searches for photographic records, reports, and literature addressing the history of the region were used, as well as the creation of social maps and land use and land cover maps with geoprocessing. In general, the results, based on land use and land cover maps and questionnaires, demonstrate an increase in forested areas in the Fazenda Campos community and provide the visual perspective of farmers on these areas. It is also possible to observe the traditional nature of cassava cultivation in the community and how the history of the formation of the community's territory influences changes in family farming and, consequently, the transformation of the rural landscape, with farming families responsible for maintaining biodiversity and environmental conservation through their productive backyards. In this way, agroecology, through cultivation systems that embody its principles, such as Agroforestry Systems, emerges as a path to the recovery of degraded areas and the promotion of alternative agricultural practices, with a focus on dialogue with traditional knowledge, society, and the environment, without losing the local characteristics of production, as exemplified by cassava cultivation.