STUDY OF THE DEGRADATION OF THE FACADES OF HISTORICAL BUILDINGS OF THE CITY OF SALVADOR- BA.
Keywords: Historical Buildings, Facade, Pathological Manifestation, Degradation
ABSTRACT
The presence of adverse factors has led Historic buildings to advanced stages of deterioration or even ruin. Salvador is a city known for its historical and cultural representation, with buildings dating back to the colonial period, however, requiring actions that seek to preserve the heritage and assets represented by these mansions. Thus, this work was based on the premise that known to the causes of damages in these buildings, more efficient can be the diagnoses, and more appropriate to the interventions. By presenting, through a multiple study, a contribution to identify the main factors of degradation and damages caused in façades of historical buildings located in the city of Salvador - BA. The applied methodology was based on the case study of 10 buildings with painting finish, with visual inspection, mapping, quantification of pathological manifestations, calculation of damage factor, followed by verification of the region with the highest incidence of façade damage and construction details in the process of degradation of these buildings. For the analysis of the Factor General of Damage Factors, an adaptation of the calculation model of the General Damage Factor (FGD) developed by Silva (2014) was proposed. This new Indicator called the State of Conservation of Historical Building Façades (HDI), reflects the state of conservation of the façades of these buildings. The results show that although the long exposure time of these buildings to the climatic factors favors the incidence of a set of pathological manifestations such as cracks, detachment of plaster, dark spots and growth of vegetation aspects related to lack of preventive conservation and undue interventions appear as the relevant cause of the damage