Banca de DEFESA: SAIRON SANTOS RESSURREIÇÃO

Uma banca de DEFESA de MESTRADO foi cadastrada pelo programa.
DISCENTE : SAIRON SANTOS RESSURREIÇÃO
DATA : 14/09/2020
HORA: 14:00
LOCAL: https://conferenciaweb.rnp.br/events/defesa-de-sairon-s-ressurreicao
TÍTULO:

John William Nicholson's Contributions to Bohr's Atom: The Epistemic Role of Scientific Error and its Implications for Science Teaching

PALAVRAS-CHAVES:

John William Nicholson; Bohr´s atomic model; philosophy of science; scientific erros; science teaching.

PÁGINAS: 165
GRANDE ÁREA: Ciências Humanas
ÁREA: Educação
RESUMO:

In this research, we investigate which contributions to the understanding of aspects of the Nature of Science associated with scientific error can emerge from a didactic sequence that discusses - from two epistemological points of view, the evolutionary and the revolutionary - the role of secondary historical figures for the development of science. We argue that the progress of science can be consistently explained either from a selectionist or evolutionary perspective, which we identify with Karl Popper's critical rationalism; as for a rupture or revolutionary epistemology, which we associate with the works of Thomas Kuhn. We believe that the understanding of epistemological aspects of the Nature of Science can benefit from the discussion of the controversy between the theories of knowledge of these authors, since this dissonance reflects tensions both in the philosophy of science (relativism versus rationalism) and in the historiography of science (continuism versus discontinuism). The epistemic role of scientific error can be revealed through historical analysis of the contributions that wrong theories have made to progress. In this sense, the english astrophysicist John William Nicholson (1881-1955) emerges as a historical character who made solid contributions to the construction of what we now know as the Old Quantum Theory, particularly for the formulation of Bohr's atomic model, of 1913. When it is highlighted that even mistaken ideas, such as Nicholson's theory of proto-elements, can contribute to scientific development, it is extracted from error its pedagogical vocation, that of illustrating a tentative, plural and reliable science. From the studies carried out, presented in the initial chapters of this work, we created a didactic sequence centered on the study of the contributions made by the astrophysicist’s works to Bohr's atomic model, against the background of conceptual tensions between the evolutionary and revolutionary epistemologies. The data of this qualitative research were obtained from interviews, audio and video recordings of the classes, in addition to a written questionnaire. The text was structured in four main parts: in the first one, the conceptual basis are presented for both a revolutionary  and an evolutionary epistemological perspective; in the second one, it is discussed the view of science adopted in this work and the relationship between error and science teaching; in the third part, it is developed a narrative of the rise of the Old Quantum Theory, focusing on the contributions given by Nicholson's atomic theory to the writing of Niels Bohr's On the Constitution of Atoms and Molecules; and finally, in the fourth and last part, it is presented the process of construction and implementation of the didactic sequence, in addition to discussing the results of the proposal. The approach adopted showed considerable potential to improve students' conceptions on topics such as the reliability of science and theoretical pluralism. However, no evolution was observed for conceptions on the scientific method considered by the science teaching literature to be inadequate.

MEMBROS DA BANCA:
Presidente - 283711 - JOSE FERNANDO MOURA ROCHA
Interno - 388.052.785-72 - ELDER SALES TEIXEIRA - UEFS
Interno - 285676 - OLIVAL FREIRE JUNIOR
Externo à Instituição - CLIMERIO PAULO DA SILVA NETO - UFOB