Banca de DEFESA: LUCIANO EVANGELISTA DOS SANTOS FILHO

Uma banca de DEFESA de DOUTORADO foi cadastrada pelo programa.
STUDENT : LUCIANO EVANGELISTA DOS SANTOS FILHO
DATE: 15/12/2022
TIME: 08:00
LOCAL: Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde-UFBA (remoto)
TITLE:

Influence of the high-protein ketogenic diet associated or not with exercise on glycemic homeostasis and hepatorenal alterations in obese Wistar rats.

KEY WORDS:

Keywords: Proteins. Carbohydrates. Glycemia. Aerobic exercise. Kidney

PAGES: 93
BIG AREA: Ciências Biológicas
AREA: Bioquímica
SUBÁREA: Metabolismo e Bioenergética
SUMMARY:

Objective: To evaluate the effects of a high-protein ketogenic diet on parameters related to glycemic homeostasis and hepatorenal alterations in obese Wistar rats submitted or not to exercise. Methods: Forty male Wistar rats weighing between 150 and 200g were used, which initially received control (n=6) or hypercaloric (n=34) diets to induce obesity for 8 weeks. After this period, the animals of the control group (n=6) and part of the hypercaloric group (n=6) were euthanized, with the remaining obese animals subdivided into four groups, receiving diets and submitted or not to moderate-intensity physical exercise for 12 weeks: hypercaloric and sedentary (n=7); hypercaloric and exercised (n=7); high-protein ketogenic and sedentary (n=7); high-protein ketogenic and exercised (n=7). Food intake, body composition and adiposity parameters, blood pressure, serum biochemical and inflammatory profile, glycemic homeostasis, insulin resistance and sensitivity were evaluated. In addition, we evaluated the expression of IR, AMPK, Akt, GSK3β and GLUT4 in muscle, kidney and liver function, morphometric, inflammatory and oxidative profile of the kidneys, fat deposition in the liver, morphology, oxidative stress and immunostaining of insulin and glucagon in the pancreas. Results: The diet-induced obesity model was validated. The treatment of obesity with a high-protein ketogenic diet and/or exercise for 12 weeks determined a reduction in food and caloric intake, body mass gain and adiposity. Despite the increase in blood glucose, the combination of diet and exercise reduced serum insulin, and attenuated peripheral resistance indicators. Isolated exercise increased glucagon expression and reduced insulin in the pancreas, increased IR, GLUT4 and GSK3β expression in muscle. Diet and exercise altered indicators of systemic inflammation, serum lipid profile and liver function markers, in addition to reducing macrovesicular lipid deposition in the liver, improving the oxidative profile in the pancreas and attenuating lipid peroxidation in the kidney. The high-protein ketogenic diet, by itself, promoted changes in kidney function and inflammation, without inducing significant structural changes. Conclusion: The high-protein ketogenic diet associated or not with exercise for 12 weeks had a positive impact on the reduction of body mass and adiposity and fat deposition in the liver, but did not allow confirmation of the improvement in glycemic homeostasis, insulin response and lipid profile. Pancreatic and hepatorenal alterations seemed discreet and insufficient to determine positive or negative effects, thus, further investigations are required, especially of the related metabolic pathways. In this sense, caution is suggested in the use of this diet, even when associated with exercise, since some gaps were evidenced, especially with regard to glycemic homeostasis and impairment of renal function due to proteinuria.

COMMITTEE MEMBERS:
Presidente - 1112111 - AMELIA CRISTINA MENDES DE MAGALHAES GUSMAO
Interno - 2497915 - ROBSON AMARO AUGUSTO DA SILVA
Interna - 2312625 - LILIANY SOUZA DE BRITO AMARAL
Interna - 1552395 - TELMA DE JESUS SOARES
Externa ao Programa - 2418292 - SAMIRA ITANA DE SOUZA - UFBAExterna ao Programa - 1350859 - GRAZIELLE PRATES LOURENCO DOS SANTOS BITTENCOURT - UFBAExterno à Instituição - RAFAEL PEREIRA DE PAULA - UESB
Externo à Instituição - RAILDO DA SILVA COQUEIRO - UESB
Externo à Instituição - LUIZ CARLOS CARVALHO NAVEGANTES - USP