SapeS: An architecture for evaluating academic performance in distance education based on Learning Analytics and Ontologies
Learning Analytics, Ontology, Learning Management System; Distance Learning; Taxonomy of Educational Objectives
Distance Learning, along with the evolution of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), has higher enrollment rates than traditional education. With this growth, educators started to manage classes with a more significant number of geographically distributed students. Challenges arise for teachers regarding how to monitor academic progress based on the fulfillment of planned educational objectives and assessing students' academic performance, supervising the acquisition of knowledge. Tracking students' learning experiences in Learning Management Systems (LMS) to assess academic performance and student progress is one of the most intense and exhausting challenges for educators due to the amount of educational data produced and the various learning indicators available on the LMS. Thus, this research aims to investigate how an approach to monitoring and evaluating the student's academic trajectory in the LMS, called SapeS, can positively impact the teaching and learning process in Distance Learning. The proposed solution aims to process educational data from the LMS, extract useful knowledge, and make information available to educators and students with techniques of Learning Analytics and Computational Ontologies, guided by Taxonomy of Educational Objectives. The solution was developed based on the Design Science Research (DSR) methodology and applied in a real context for evaluation with the population (n=24). Through the analysis carried out it was verified that there was a strong adherence to the use of the proposed tool and a significant difference between the data collected at different moments of the investigation. There was a greater engagement, motivation, and participation in the academic activities of the investigated course and greater attention from the teachers regarding the evaluation of the student's trajectory, in addition to checking and adapting the pedagogical planning in relation to the student's situation, and the planned educational objectives.