Imagination and Graphism: a Ensinagem strategy applied to students of Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas da Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia
ABSTRACT
The exercise of imagination is fundamental for the construction of knowledge and the conception of world by the human beings. From this perspective, there was a constant presentation of difficulties in imagination by the students and, consequently, of understanding the subjects from the curriculum presented in the classroom. In view of this, it was elaborated and theorized a study technique, the graphism, that has been systematized in order to serve as a cognitive tool to assist students in visualizing, organizing, directing and encouraging the exercise of imagination in the acquisition of knowledge. Applying and checking the graphism as a teaching and learning strategy was the main objective of this investigation which was carried out with the participation of the teacher and students of two classes of the Solids Mechanics II curriculum component of the Bachelor in Technological and Exact Sciences of Federal University of Reconcavo of Bahia during the second semester, in 2019. Through the qualitative and applied approach, this work used the procedures of bibliographic and documentary research for the development of its theoretical basis. For the empirical basis, interviews and questionnaires were used the aspects and techniques of Collaborative Action Research. Theory and Methodology concepts Dialectic of Knowledge supported the systematization and execution of the graphism and its implementation as a teaching and learning strategy followed the principles of Ensinagem. After the verification and analysis of the collected data, through two cycles of research action, it was found that the execution of the graphism by students during the process of acquisition of knowledge and problem solving in engineering: (1) assists and promotes the overcoming of the cognitive darkness through illustration, visualization and graphic organization of the elements of the knowledge object; (2) directs the movement of thought; (3) helps in the rise of knowledge and stimulates the exercise of imagination. When dealing with application of the graphism as Ensinagem strategy, it was found that awareness learning by students led them to knowledge, thus stimulating the development of their intellectual autonomies. The results indicated that 50% of the students who completed all activities during the semester, 29.5% evolved in grades during the period and obtained approval at the end. In356 the case of the group of the 18 volunteers, 15 students participated in all activities and did the three component evaluations. Of these, 8 students showed a significant evolution in grades during the process and were approved in the component, which is equivalent to 53% of the group sampling. In addition to these checks and results, the application of the graphism as Ensinagem strategy for students of Technological and Exacts Sciences turn into a pedagogical product, because, from the conception that thinking is imagine, it was validated the understanding that teaching the learner to learn is teaching to learn through the imagination.