EPISTEMIC AGENCY, NATURALISM AND VIRTUES
Epistemic Agency. Naturalism. Epistemology of Virtues. Metacognition
This thesis aims to analyze the concept of epistemic agency, that is, the role of the cognitive agent in the achievement of epistemic goals. The epistemic agency is one of the central topics of discussion in contemporary epistemology, being an essential element for the foundation of Ernest Sosa's Epistemology of Virtues, which understands human cognitive performances as intellectual virtues. The development, in recent decades, of research in the field of Cognitive Psychology, has supported the arguments of naturalistic philosophers who challenge the image of the epistemic agent as defended by Sosa and point to the impossibility of having an agency related to the processes of belief formation. Taking this context into account, I submit the main statements defended by Sosa in his epistemological project to the counter arguments offered by naturalist philosophers such as Hillary Kornblith and Joëlle Proust, reaching the conclusion that the picture sketched by Sosa for the epistemic agency lacks empirical plausibility and therefore, it does not offer an adequate response to the role of the cognitive agent in satisfying epistemic goals. Then, based on Proust's conceptions about the structure of mental actions, I present a model of epistemic agency that seeks to attend both the normative project of epistemology and naturalistic intuitions about human cognitive functioning. The acceptance to this perspective on epistemic agency leads to a more realistic view of the epistemic role of human agents and to an understanding of epistemic normativity aimed at epistemic-motivational purposes.