Beacoming a woman in Beauvoir: formation, situation and liberation
Simone de Beauvoir; Existentialism; Phenomenology; Feminism; Freedom
Throughout this dissertation, we seek to develop an investigation of the existentialist theses developed by Simone de Beauvoir, seeking theoretical support to understand the problem of gender as a social construction, expressed in her famous statement: "no one is born a woman, they become a woman" (BEAUVOIR , 2016b, p. 11). Furthermore, we seek to discuss possible paths for women's liberation from the limitations imposed by the facticity of their existence, towards transcendence, as developed by Beauvoir in The Second Sex. We understand that the philosopher criticizes the imposition of gender roles, arguing that inequalities are not biological, but social and cultural, an original philosophical idea, since, although Beauvoir did not use the term "gender", she separates sex and of what we understand today as gender, anticipating discussions about identity and social roles. The research analyzes how Beauvoir's philosophy proposes an ethics of ambiguity, in which freedom and limitation coexist, and how her existentialist feminist theory questions the destiny imposed on women and the biological and psychoanalytic myths that perpetuate this oppression. The author also explores gender phenomenology, highlighting the transformations of the female body and how social roles restrict their freedom. The dissertation aims to highlight Beauvoir's impact on feminist theory and the importance of her ideas for understanding gender inequalities and the struggle for women's liberation.