Banca de DEFESA: TATIANA MARIA SILVA GALVÃO DOURADO

Uma banca de DEFESA de DOUTORADO foi cadastrada pelo programa.
DISCENTE : TATIANA MARIA SILVA GALVÃO DOURADO
DATA : 29/04/2020
HORA: 14:30
LOCAL: Defesa Online
TÍTULO:

FAKE NEWS IN THE 2018 PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION IN BRAZIL

PALAVRAS-CHAVES:

fake news;desinformation; political communication; online politics; e-campaigning

PÁGINAS: 364
GRANDE ÁREA: Ciências Sociais Aplicadas
ÁREA: Comunicação
SUBÁREA: Teoria da Comunicação
RESUMO:

The thesis investigates the circulation of fake news in the 2018 Brazilian presidential election among platforms and in a multimodal perspective. The main objective was to determine the political nature and the main characteristics of the phenomenon. For this, it was necessary to establish an operational concept suitable to be used in the analysis of the object of study. Theoretically, the thesis sewed the relationships that are established among information shortcuts, information flows and political discussion in the public sphere. Although the political use of lies and the social transmission of rumors coexist as practices of political and interpersonal communication throughout history, the phenomenon of fake news proves more difficult to control in the face of an information landscape populated by channels of right-wing conservatism and to a business model in which social media prioritizes the connection between users over companies, without measuring the quality of information. The free circulation of ideas started to be exercised without editorial balance and anti-democratic political messages gain public visibility online if they are popular. The methodology was built from mixed and digital methods. In the first stage, an exploratory analysis of the political nature of 347 fake news stories about the elections was carried out. Then, a sample was delimited for in-depth analysis composed of 57 of these fake news, which were mainly propagated by 1,073 broadcasters and reached almost 4 million shares in the last months of the elections, which were analyzed from four dimensions: hostile discursive climate, the means and modes of propagation, the mimicry of the journalistic format and political content.. The results show the importance of paying attention to a) the prevalence of interpersonal conversation when shaping the communicative flow; b) the participation of accounts managed by human beings among the main and most relevant propagators; c) the fact that fake news travel organically among platforms, mainly Facebook and WhatsApp; e) the perception that one or a few accounts attract enough sharing around them to make a story popular; f) the participation of opinion leaders as strategic agents to frame facts and public events in a distorted and untrue way; and g) that the presence of a certain candidate as a key character in fake news does not mean that these stories potentially generated losses for his campaign - on the contrary, they may have felt mostly positive. In the case of the 2018 Brazilian experience, content analysis showed that Jair Bolsonaro was the biggest beneficiary, directly or indirectly, from the distribution of fake news, while Lula/Haddad was the main loser. At the same time, ‘bolsonarism’, although almost equitable, was a feeling that showed greater frequency than ‘antipetism’, which was in the sequence. Among other findings, it is noteworthy that most fake news was classified as ‘Pro-Bolsonaro’. The results are systematized at the end of each analysis step and summarized in the conclusions.

MEMBROS DA BANCA:
Presidente - 287712 - WILSON DA SILVA GOMES
Interno - 1649812 - SUZANA OLIVEIRA BARBOSA
Externo à Instituição - FABRÍCIO BENEVUTO DE SOUZA - UFMG
Externo à Instituição - FÁBIO SOUZA VASCONCELLOS - UERJ
Externo à Instituição - PABLO ORTELLADO - USP