Characterization of the inflammatory response and correlation of MiTF and p38MAPK expression with prognostic factors in canine melanomas.
Melanocytic neoplasia, dogs, melanocytes, inflammation, lymphocytes.
The response of melanoma-associated lymphocytic inflammatory infiltrate has been studied over the years in medicine as a possible prognostic factor for this highly aggressive tumor, but this evaluation is still not well described in canine melanomas. Thus, in this work we aim to characterize the inflammatory response associated with canine melanomas in the different anatomical sites (mouth, finger and skin) and verify the expression and correlation of MiTF and p38MAPK with prognostic factors. We studied 117 melanomas classified based on their location in two groups: melanomas located in oral cavity / digits (n = 74) and cutaneous melanomas (n = 43), which were submitted to morphological and morphometric analysis of inflammatory cells and clinical evaluation systematic, in addition to evaluating the survival rate of the animals. From these parameters, it was observed that oral tumors / digits were associated with pathological features related to the worst prognosis such as size, mitotic index, histological type, nuclear atypia and the presence of metastasis. The inflammation was more present in the oral / digits tumors, however discrete, when compared to the group of cutaneous melanomas, the lymphocytes being the predominant cell type. The multivariate analysis showed that the presence of lymphocytic infiltrate was an independent prognostic factor, correlating with the survival rate. These results may help to better understand the role of inflammatory infiltrates, especially lymphocytic ones, in canine melanomas, providing alternative tools in establishing possible prognostic factors.