Banca de DEFESA: LAIS SPINDOLA GARCEZ

Uma banca de DEFESA de DOUTORADO foi cadastrada pelo programa.
DISCENTE : LAIS SPINDOLA GARCEZ
DATA : 28/07/2021
HORA: 09:00
LOCAL: Salvador
TÍTULO:

Implications of eating habits on clinical and anthropometric conditions of patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease before and during the COVID-19 pandemic and development of a food frequency questionnaire for this population. 

PALAVRAS-CHAVES:

Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Diet. Diet Surveys. Food frequency questionnaires. Weight Gain. COVID-19.

PÁGINAS: 172
GRANDE ÁREA: Ciências da Saúde
ÁREA: Nutrição
RESUMO:

Introduction: The occurrence of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) is generally associated with components of metabolic syndrome, such as abdominal obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Thus, individuals with NAFLD are also at a higher risk of complications if affected by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, whose resulting disease is known as COVID-19. Home confinement incurred during the current pandemic period has caused changes in eating behavior and made it more difficult to maintain healthy eating habits. Objective: Evaluate the implications of eating habits on clinical and anthropometric conditions of NAFLD patients, develop a Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) for this population and investigate the relationship between changes in food intake and sociodemographic factors related to weight variation during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A systematic review with meta-analysis was adopted to assess the effect of dietary interventions with different macronutrient compositions on attenuation of clinical and anthropometric parameters of individuals with NAFLD. Additionally, a longitudinal study evaluating 81 adults with NAFLD was carried out. Sociodemographic, anthropometric, physical exercise and food intake information was collected, using 24-hour recalls, during two periods: before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Diet composition was analyzed for the development of the FFQ, and foods that contributed up to 95% of energy, macronutrients and micronutrients of interest were selected from the information in the 24-hour recalls applied in the baseline. Mann-Whitney test was used to verify differences between medians, Spearman's correlation coefficient was used to calculate correlations and Fisher's exact test was used to assess associations. The significance level adopted in the tests was 5%. Results: The results of the systematic review and meta-analysis indicate that positive effects observed in the hepatic steatosis, clinical and anthropometric variables are more related to the use of low-calorie diets than to the use of dietary interventions reduced in lipids and/or carbohydrates. In the original study, baseline data revealed that the habitual food consumption of NAFLD patients is similar to the basic pattern of the Brazilian population, with a predominance of natural and minimally processed foods. A quantitative FFQ was created from the selection of 96 foods. In a later evaluation, during the COVID-19 pandemic, increased consumption of processed and ultra-processed foods was observed, along with a reduction in the consumption of natural and minimally processed foods, especially among patients with greater weight gain in the period. There was a high percentage of individuals who did not practice physical exercise before the pandemic, and this number was exacerbated during home confinement. Conclusion: More studies are needed with larger sample sizes and adequate methodological designs to more accurately identify the possible metabolic benefits of using dietary interventions, such as reduced lipids and/or carbohydrates, for patients with NAFLD; we expect that the proposed FFQ will become a useful tool in monitoring the dietary practices of this population. Finally, it is noteworthy that NAFLD patients had difficulty maintaining a healthy lifestyle, and this worsened during the pandemic period, as reflected by weight gain. This fact reinforces the importance of attention to individuals with liver disease, especially given the current circulation of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and the low vaccination coverage in Brazil.

MEMBROS DA BANCA:
Presidente - 4292252 - LUCIVALDA PEREIRA MAGALHAES DE OLIVEIRA
Interna - 2615563 - PRISCILA RIBAS DE FARIAS COSTA
Interna - 3112241 - MARIA ESTER PEREIRA DA CONCEICAO MACHADO
Externa à Instituição - JERUSA DA MOTA SANTANA - UFRB
Externo à Instituição - DJANILSON BARBOSA DOS SANTOS - UFRB
Externa à Instituição - SHEILA MARIA ALVIM DE MATOS