Banca de DEFESA: FABIANA CHAGAS OLIVEIRA DE FRANÇA

Uma banca de DEFESA de DOUTORADO foi cadastrada pelo programa.
STUDENT : FABIANA CHAGAS OLIVEIRA DE FRANÇA
DATE: 09/01/2024
TIME: 09:00
LOCAL: https://teams.microsoft.com/l/channel/19%3aZMIF2paJ4QzlE5UNh7E17I0S4mwWgZzrY41HrfPUSeo1%40thread.tac
TITLE:

FOOD ENVIRONMENT IN FEDERAL INSTITUTES IN BAHIA: DESERTS, SWAMPS AND OASIS AS DETERMINANTS OF
FOOD AND NUTRITION SECURITY.

KEY WORDS:

food environment, consumer environment, food desert, food swamp, food oases, food and nutritional security, school, adolescent, PNAE

PAGES: 110
BIG AREA: Ciências da Saúde
AREA: Nutrição
SUBÁREA: Análise Nutricional de População
SUMMARY:

Considering various aspects that influence food choices, availability in the food environment can be defined according to the physical, socioeconomic, political and cultural context in which individuals are inserted and are led to make food choices. This is known as behavioral ecology in health, which is influenced by the population's age group and ability to choose food. Since adolescents remain in schools for long periods, it is understood that the school food environment plays an important role in the quality of their diet. Deserts, swamps and food oases terms have been used to characterize the food environment ac-cording to the identified food availability. In this context, this work aimed to map deserts, swamps and food oases around federal schools in Bahia/Brazil, emphasizing the importance of implementing the Brazilian National School Feeding Program (PNAE) in these schools, to guarantee food security and nutrition. An ecological study was carried out in all 35 federal schools in Bahia/Brazil, using an 800-meter buffer analysis, with the school as the centroid. The geographic coordinates of schools and food establishments were initially obtained using Google Maps and later confirmed on site. Data were collected in WGS 84 and converted to Universal Transverse Mercator System (UTM) zone 23S SIRGAS 2000. To map the consumer environment, establishments found in the 250-meter buffer and also can-teens within schools were audited, using the ESAO-r instrument that considers the availability and prices of healthy and unhealthy foods; availability of nutritional information near the point of purchase or on the menu; and presence of internal marketing of healthy and unhealthy foods. The establishments were grouped into four categories (healthy, unhealthy, mixed and super-markets). To evaluate food deserts and swamps, the methodology proposed by the CDC was used and the Modified Retail Food Environment Index (mRFEI) was calculated; when the result was equal to zero, the surrounding area was considered a food desert and values between 0.01 and 20 determined food swamps; for values above 20, the neighborhood was classified as mixed. Food oases were considered regions containing at least one supermarket within the analyzed buffer. Descriptive analyses were carried out with frequency measurements, measures of central tendency (mean and median) and dispersion (standard deviation). The food environment of schools was compared about the number of students impacted, the area where the school was located (urban or rural) and the size of the municipalities. Around the analyzed schools, 732 food establishments were identified, 73.8% (n = 540) formal and 26.2% (n = 192) informal. Considering the characteristics of existing commerce, there was a predominance of snack bars (45%), grocery stores (23%) and bars (7.8%), with a smaller number of supermarkets identified (4.1%). School canteens were found in 20 schools analyzed and only 15% had a variety of healthy foods. When evaluating the availability of healthy foods, a median HMRI of 3 (1 – 7) was observed. When analyzing this index according to the type of establishment, it was found that fruit and vegetables presented higher values (HMRI = 7; P25-P75: 4-8) compared to large chain supermarkets (HMRI = 5; P25-P75: 2-6; p < 0.001) and local markets (HMRI = 4; P25-P75: 2-5; p < 0.001). The average number of establishments was 22.39 (± 13.03), including snack bars (7.33 ± 4.43), grocery stores (5.83 ± 4.09) and restaurants (2.94 ± 2. 19) being the categories that presented the highest averages. Food deserts and mixed environments were identified in 40% of the sample, while swamps represented 20% and oases 65%. From the analysis of the food and consumer environments, it was possible to make inferences about the quality of the food offered to students in these locations, as well as the possible health outcomes arising from this exposure and the need to carry out food education and nutritional activities. An association was observed between food deserts and social vulnerability, making it necessary to emphasize the importance of adequate implementation of the PNAE in these schools, to reduce food and nutritional insecurity, guaranteeing the human right to adequate and healthy food and providing better nutrition and health perspectives within the school environment and impact on students' lives through food and nutrition education actions, which are also part of the context of PNAE activities.

COMMITTEE MEMBERS:
Interna - ***.645.744-** - RITA DE CASSIA COELHO AKUTSU - UnB
Interna - 287774 - RYZIA DE CASSIA VIEIRA CARDOSO
Externo à Instituição - VIRGÍLIO JOSÉ STRASBURG - UFRGS
Externa à Instituição - PRICILA MOURA ROLIM - UFRN
Externa à Instituição - ÉRICA BARBOSA CAMARGO