Banca de DEFESA: MATHEUS PESSONA XAVIER DA SILVA

Uma banca de DEFESA de MESTRADO foi cadastrada pelo programa.
DISCENTE : MATHEUS PESSONA XAVIER DA SILVA
DATA : 17/12/2020
HORA: 09:00
LOCAL: Sala virtual (meet.google.com/rrd-fgcg-uzo)
TÍTULO:

New Tenants in the House of God: Adaptive Reuse as a conservation tool for IPHAN-listed catholic buildings in Brazil

PALAVRAS-CHAVES:

Cultural Heritage, Catholic Church, Use, Conservation, Brazil, Bahia

PÁGINAS: 179
GRANDE ÁREA: Ciências Sociais Aplicadas
ÁREA: Arquitetura e Urbanismo
RESUMO:

The procedures necessary to guarantee the indelible character of landmarks of historical or artistic value have been the subject of studies and policies since at least the second half of the 19th century. In Brazil, this issue started to be observed in an institutional manner from the 1930s. Almost ninety years later, the challenge in dealing with the Brazilian cultural heritage presents itself in several forms. Perhaps the most complex of them is that related to the management and conservation of the Catholic built heritage. For at least five decades, the proper methods to conduct policies that guarantee a more efficient way of conserving has been an important point of discussion, as well as the most effective way of providing improvements in the quality of life of the population that surrounds and detains said landmark. Another concern that can be observed in this context is the efficiency in the use of public resources. A solution to these questions, posited in most of the patrimonial doctrinal documents, is to propose or maintain a use in underutilized or abandoned buildings. This reuse, as we call it in this dissertation, can provide that, in the event of public money being committed to a restoration, it remains both symbolically functional in front of the population, but also financially sustainable. If in general this is a complex goal to be achieved, when it comes to the ecclesiastical landmarks listed, the discussion becomes even more entangled. This challenge can be observed from different perspectives, one of which is the understanding that not all uses are good uses and can work to the detriment of the preservation of a building, and the functional and symbolic particularities of sacred architecture reduce the range of uses that can be proposed and be adequate in the case of its desecration. We can also see the Brazilian social-historical context as a point of contention, since, in self-declared numbers, Brazil is a Christian nation. This Christianity, however, is not the same as before, its secularization has weakened the Catholic institution and considerably reduced its number of parishioners. Such a process proves to be a double-edged sword for the Catholic Landmarks. By decreasing the number of practitioners of the religion and consequently the collection of tithes and offerings that primarily support the institution, result the lack of financial support, making it economically impossible to maintain their assets. At the same time, a population still rooted in Christian precepts does not seem to admit changes of use that they would consider unholy in an environment that was once sacrosanct. From these notes came the intention to investigate which aspects affect the discussion of the reuse of Catholic buildings listed as landmarks in Brazil. In this sense, this dissertation proposes to analyze the various aspects that affect reuse as a tool for the conservation of Catholic architecture listed in Brazil, and to confront them with case studies located in Bahia. The texts of the main consecrated theorists of conservation and restoration were used as sources and theoretical references; heritage letters, bibliography on the formation and public policies of IPHAN; the formation and history of Brazil, especially regarding the influence of the Catholic Church and its contemporary social aspects; and the Vatican's position on the reuse of Catholic buildings of historical and cultural value; primary and bibliographic sources on the projects in studied religious buildings; complemented by field visits. Four main aspects related to the presented problem were considered in the analyzes: the theoretical-conceptual; the social-historical; the institutional; the institutional-normative. In the Final Considerations, we observe which are the points of confluence and contention of these aspects and draw the comparisons between the studied cases.

MEMBROS DA BANCA:
Presidente - 1791731 - ALINE DE FIGUEIROA SILVA
Interno - 1697455 - ANA CAROLINA DE SOUZA BIERRENBACH
Externo à Instituição - ROSANE PICCOLO LORETTO SPECIALSKI