HIGH ACCUMULATIONS OF THE TOXIC DINOFLAGELLATE PROROCENTRUM LIMA IN SURFACE SEDIMENTS FROM CAMAMU BAY (NORTHEASTERN, BRAZIL)
Benthic harmful algae bloom, prorocentrales, dinophycea, estuarine science.
Prorocentrum lima comprises a high cryptic diversity species complex of photosynthetic organisms, mostly found epiphytically attached to macroalgae but also planktonically free-living. The toxic profile and abundant distribution in tropical coastal waters evidence the necessity of surveilling and monitor its occurrence, especially in areas of seafood consumption, due to the potential harm to human health and ecosystem balance. We collected by boxcore twenty surface sediment samples from two main rivers in Camamu Bay, which were processed following palynological standard methods and were analyzed regarding morphological variation and spatial distribution alongside the estuarine gradient. The cells were generally well-preserved with a wide v-shape periflagellar platelet, visible pyrenoid and starch ring, kidney-shape thecal pores and varying surfaces. The highest accumulations were observed upstream Serinhaém river, reaching up to six thousand cells per gram of dried sediment. Our main morphotype correlates in size and morphology to the strains described as morphotype five from Paranguá Bay, which differs genetically from the former descriptions of P. caipirignum, what is suggested to be an undescribed new species within the species complex. The sites with the highest accumulations are near one of the main towns of Camamu Bay, where tributaries drain the city and pollution, in addition to be an area of consumption of fishes and mollusks.