Banca de DEFESA: JULMER CAISARA PACAYA

Uma banca de DEFESA de MESTRADO foi cadastrada pelo programa.
DISCENTE : JULMER CAISARA PACAYA
DATA : 29/05/2019
HORA: 14:00
LOCAL: Sala 5 do Instituto de Saúde Coletiva
TÍTULO:

Effects of alcohol use on Brazilian Indigenous Peoples' lifestyles according to cultural contexts: a literature review. 

PALAVRAS-CHAVES:

Indigenous people and Alcohol, Indigenous Community and Alcohol, Indigenous Health, Indigenous Health Policies, Cultural Contexts, Indigenous Health in Brazil.

PÁGINAS: 86
GRANDE ÁREA: Ciências da Saúde
ÁREA: Saúde Coletiva
RESUMO:

Traditionally, there are perspectives that report that coming into contact with alcohol has a very clear repercussion on changing attitudes and behaviors of individuals and populations. Other approaches, more contextualized and critical, argue that one cannot focus exclusively on the psychoactive substance and its effects on the behavior of people or groups, but it is necessary to always observe these three concepts the substance, the individual and the context (OLIEVENSTEIN, 1985), analyzing the complex relationships established between them.
In the case of the indigenous peoples, a wider and more contextualized conception of drug consumption can be identified. For example, in studies that focused on alcohol consumption (distilled and fermented beverages) as part of the cultural customs of each people, aspects that cannot be ignored (SANCHEZ, NAPPO, 2007). In spite of the wide presence in the cultures, it should be considered that the consumption of alcohol had restrictions in several of them, being only used by some that had an initiation or a knowledge on ways to communicate with the gods or spirits. The reports indicate that these cultural patterns of alcohol consumption have been transformed and, in traditional societies, are no longer practiced in ritual use and are nowadays mainly considered or represented as an "addiction" or even a "kind of disease". The old concept that was prevalent for decades has been gradually changing and the alcohol intake is today related to people who are dependent, concomitantly constructing the notion of a discriminated or even marginalized population, which would not be well regarded by society.
It would be reductive analyzing itself the existence or not of the use of alcohol by indigenous populations without considering the historical or cultural reasons of alcohol consumption even to think of it as a dichotomy between normal and pathological. It might be better to try to understand how these practices, traditionally existing or created or modified from new cultural encounters, were able to operate on the behaviors of the indigenous people within the hamlet. In this case, I would highlight the owns concepts of alcoholism present in indigenous contexts, taking into account a context of globalization, as well as the continuous urbanization path of the villages that are located in the outskirts of cities.
That said, it is undeniable the relationship that has been found between the abusive use of alcohol in any social space and the scourge that this has entailed. Indigenous peoples do not escape this problematic relationship. It is necessary, however, to take a systematic and critical approach of the research that has been studied about this theme in order to understand what it is possible to redeem with the objective to build a better understanding from the academic contribution. The present study considers that be found in the indigenous population, studies carried out in Brazil with the main interest of trying to show several contexts of the meaning of alcohol within the diverse indigenous populations and being able to show their own characteristics of consumption and how it has evolved along the time.

MEMBROS DA BANCA:
Interno - 1433789 - JORGE ALBERTO BERNSTEIN IRIART
Externo à Instituição - MARCOS LUCIANO LOPES MESSEDER
Interno - 1349800 - MONICA DE OLIVEIRA NUNES DE TORRENTE