Study of the impact of a cooling tower's non-conformities on your total cost - Refinery case.
Cooling tower, Non-conformities, Cost.
Cooling towers are widely used equipment of great importance for the industrial sector. They are responsible for removing heat from hot currents in a production process, in addition to being considered the largest consumers of water in an industrial plant. For this reason, its performance directly reflects the sustainable consumption of water present in the environment. Due to its importance in the entire industrial and environmental context, the mapping of non-conformities frequently identified in cooling tower operations, becomes a favorable methodology in combating operational problems, in the reducing equipment performance and economic problems and environmental factors that are generated. In the present work, four non-conformities commonly identified in operations are discussed, such as: (1) variations in the circulating water stream - ̇ ; (2) variations in the circulation water concentration cycle - ΔCC; (3) variations in airflow - ̇ ; (4) variations in the heat transfer coefficient per surface area of the filler - ΔK.a. Operational data was obtained from a cooling tower located at a Brazilian oil refinery, for the development of a case study. The Merkel model was selected as a basis to simulate the influences of the variables related to each irregularity ( ̇ , ΔCC, ̇ e ΔK.a) in the total cost of the equipment The results show that of the four problems addressed, three significantly impact the total cost, these being ΔCC, ΔQ w and ΔK a It is noted, then, that the presence of such irregularities can result in unnecessary expenses, with human negligence as the main root cause.