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1
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RITA DE CÁSSIA SILVA BRAGA E BRAGA
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FRAMEWORK OF RIVERS AND WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT. CASE STUDY: RIO DAS CONTAS HYDROGRAPHIC BASIN - BAHIA, BRAZIL
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Líder : VANIA PALMEIRA CAMPOS
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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VANIA PALMEIRA CAMPOS
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ICARO THIAGO ANDRADE MOREIRA
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LUCIJANE MONTEIRO DE ABREU
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Data: 10-feb-2021
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Resumen Espectáculo
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The framing of the water bodies of a hydrographic basin is one of the main management instruments, proposed by the PNRH. The present work aims to analyze the proposal for framing the water bodies of the Rio das Contas Hydrographic Basin (BHRC), using as parameter the CONAMA Resolution 357/2005, also considering the water quality indicators proposed by the Water Framework Directive of European Union - WFD and aims to prepare an Orientation Guide to monitor the effective goals for the framing of BHRC water bodies, based on this study, to be handed over to the Rio das Contas River Basin Committee. To achieve the proposed objectives, the methodology adopted included consultations with secondary bibliographic sources, in addition to considering BHRC as a Case Study, with the analysis of its proposed framework. In total, 52 water bodies were selected to be framed, divided into stretches based on pre-established criteria according to the availability of minimal information. Each Planning region has peculiar characteristics from the point of view of multiple uses and pollution of the springs, having been identified throughout the entire basin a serious problem of sanitary sewage, which made the adoption of a more restrictive classification difficult in some sections. Thus, to make the framework effective, multisectoral efforts are needed to reach the river that can be reached.
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2
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GENECI BRAZ DE SOUSA
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PAYMENT FOR ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES AS A COMPONENT FOR WATER SECURITY IN SPRINGS: CASE STUDY IN THE METROPOLITAN REGION OF SALVADOR, BAHIA.
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Líder : JAILDO SANTOS PEREIRA
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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JAILDO SANTOS PEREIRA
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RAYMUNDO JOSE SANTOS GARRIDO
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JOSIVAL SANTOS SOUZA
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Data: 17-mar-2021
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Resumen Espectáculo
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The water supply sources of Salvador and the Metropolitan Region, due to different anthropogenic types and adverse climatic situations to which they are submitted, have revealed situations of water criticality. The challenge lies in the search for strategic solutions that contemplate the conservation of the natural resources inserted there with a view to guaranteeing the continuity of water production and the attendance to its uses. In this context, Payment for Environmental Services (PES) has been translated as one of the options contributing to the generation of ecosystem and environmental services in the perspective of the conservation of water resources. The work intends to evaluate the current situation of the Forest Recovery Project in Permanent Preservation Areas - surrounding springs and marginal strips of the Joanes and Jacuípe rivers (Guardiães das Águas), with a view to making the use of Payment for Environmental Services (PSA) possible as an opportunity tool to contribute to the water security of water supply sources in the capital of Bahia and cities in theMetropolitan Region. Using exploratory methodological procedures, we proceeded with theanalysis of the conceptual basis that supports the application of the mechanism; the legal framework that guides its functionality in Brazil, the technical aspects of programs andprojects, seeking to extract lessons from some experiences of practical application in the conservation of springs. The work contributes with the indication of strategies for the implementation of PES systems in the Joanes and Jacuípe river basins, in order to promote the improvement of the mechanism's performance in water sources that serve large urban centers. Thus, it expects that the results obtained will contribute to the implementation of the PSA mechanism in water sources highly demanded for public supply, as a contribution to water security, promoting the conservation and improvement of water availability and quality.
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3
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TIAGO DA FRANÇA NUNES
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METHODOLOGICAL PROCEDURE FOR
DEFINITION OF PRIORITY ACTIONS FOR LOCAL WATER SECURITY. APPLICATION: RIO DAS CONTAS HYDROGRAPHIC BASIN - BAHIA
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Líder : ANDREA SOUSA FONTES
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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ANDREA SOUSA FONTES
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YVONILDE DANTAS PINTO MEDEIROS
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HUGO MORAIS DE ALCÂNTARA
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Data: 22-mar-2021
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Resumen Espectáculo
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This research sought to propose an experimental methodological procedure that supports the basin committee in the definition of priority actions for water security in critical areas of the watershed. To achieve a level of water security, the water resources planning must take into account its 4 dimensions: human, economic, ecosystem and resilience. Although the topic was included in the national planning with the publication of the Water Security Plan - WSP, the debate in the basin committees is still incipient. The Rio das Contas Hydrographic Basin, in Bahia, has high hydrological variability and has a large extension inserted in a drought-prone área, with its water resources widely used for agricultural production, urban, industrial supply and as an effluent receiver. Its committee was established in 2008 and since then, its decision-making process has matured, sensitively debating issues involving deliberations, the parties involved and, more recently, the Contas water security. In this context, this research sought to develop a procedure that, primarily, would promote the discussion of the concept, the engagement of the parties and finally, the definition of priority actions for water security, in the basin committee, contributing to the process of appropriation and scheduling of the debate at the Committee. Therefore, firstly, it was produced an Atlas of water security in the Basin, by clipping the secondary data of the water security plan. Subsequently, we sought to identify the critical areas that required immediate intervention, to direct actions, aligning spatial data from the WSP (Prognostic - 2035) and the Contas Basin Plan (Scenario trend - 2030), through geoprocessing. Once a critical area of work was defined, the priority actions were suggested based on two diagnoses, both using the decision support tool DPSIR - Driving Force-Pressure-State-Impact-Response. The first diagnosis prioritize the actions based on the analysis of water security indicators and the second, through participatory analysis, based on the view of users and members of the basin committee. Regarding the methodological procedure, the results indicate that the maps fit the alignment between the WSP data and the basin plan, determining an important visual basis for identifying critical areas and for directing the water security planning focus in the basin, since take into account the periodicity of data update. It can be concluded that the DPSIR decision support tool helped to formalize the understanding of the current processes and the dynamics of the basin system, in addition to including the vision of the committee members, as well as helping in communication between them. However, there was a strong subjectivity bias in the results of the participatory diagnosis, due to the majority presence of irrigating users in the committee meeting. As for the priority actions defined for the Contas Basin, the results indicated 3 guiding axes: Emergency Actions in Demand Management, with the creation of an Emergency Plan for the Control of the Water Resources Quantity, to regulate local use; Structural Actions in Supply Management focusing on the insertion of alternative sources in the local water matrix and Priority Actions that promote Rational and Sustainable Use with the implementation of the Tripod (Charging for Water Use + Nature Based Solutions + Payment for environmental Services).
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4
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IZIS DE OLIVEIRA ALVES
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USE OF THE TROPHIC STATE INDEX AS A TOOL FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF WATER IN LAGOAS
MARGINALS AIMED AT MULTIPLE USES
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Líder : ADRIANA COSTA FERREIRA
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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ADRIANA COSTA FERREIRA
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ICARO THIAGO ANDRADE MOREIRA
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SYLVANA MELO DOS SANTOS
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Data: 24-mar-2021
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Resumen Espectáculo
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Eutrophication affects water availability, as it changes the quality of the water, mainly due to the increase in the concentration of phosphorus and impairs multiple uses in several regions of Brazil and the world, especially in lake environments. The São Francisco River, the third largest in extension in Brazil, along its path forms several marginal lagoons, which function as nurseries for ichthyofauna, but can also serve other uses such as the dilution of drainage waters in agricultural areas, this being the case of Lagoa das Piranhas, located in the municipality of Bom Jesus da Lapa - BA.
Considering the transport of phosphorus from agricultural areas, commonly reported in the literature, it is clear that the assessment of the degree of trophy in this lagoon can subsidize the management of its waters and favor the control of pollution. In the present work, the Trophic State Index (LAMPARELLI, 2004) was applied, in the
evaluation of Lagoa das Piranhas, through sampling campaigns in the dry and rainy period. The lagoon was classified as meso-eutrophic in the first campaign and mesotrophic in the following two, which demonstrates a risk to multiple uses, including to meet the needs of the population living in its surroundings, not to mention
the impact on the ichthyofauna that it constitutes in source of income for so many families in the basin. It was found that the water bodies that feed the lagoon were classified in higher trophic levels, which can accelerate the eutrophication process of this lake environment, demonstrating the need for immediate interventions. Part of
these interventions can be funded with resources from charging for the use of water resources in accordance with what is established in the São Francisco River Basin Plan.
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5
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FELIPE OLIVEIRA DA SILVA AZEVEDO
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DEVELOPMENT OF DIGITAL PLATFORM AS DAM SAFETY INSTRUMENT: CASE STUDY IN THE COPPER DAM / BAHIA
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Líder : MAURO JOSE ALIXANDRINI JUNIOR
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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ANDREA SOUSA FONTES
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Leidjane Maria Maciel de Oliveira
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MAURO JOSE ALIXANDRINI JUNIOR
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Data: 08-jul-2021
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Resumen Espectáculo
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Dam accidents often generate major social and economic problems, including potential loss of life, therefore a regulation on this subject was necessary. With the creation of Law 12.334/2010, it established the National Policy of Dam Safety (NPDS), targeting the water accumulation of any use, final or temporary disposal of waste and accumulation of industrial waste, which determines in Article 4, section III, that the entrepreneur is legally responsible for the dam safety and ensure the development of actions to enforce it; Regarding the NPDS, among the obligations of the entrepreneur, we emphasize the development of a Dam Safety Plan, which should be specific for each dam and include the Emergency Action Plan (EAP), required based on risk level, which shall contain all relevant guidelines for decision-making at a time of disaster, allowing early warning to minimise property and environment damage along with life loss. In case of alert, the state participates represented by the civil protection, with a contingency plan (PLANCON).As a result of the amendment of the dam safety law through the Federal Law n° 14.066 of September 30, 2020, the need arises to implement solutions to meet the new requirements imposed on the sector.The dam manager and civil defense's function is to avoid victims, that is, the population living downstream of the dam is able to evacuate the area that will be affected by the flood wave. However, the communication between the agents is still a major obstacle in this situation.When this scenario arises the need to create a fast method, capable to combine these proposed actions: a dam security management platform, providing information to the entrepreneur and civil defense of how many people are in the risk area (through resgistration); an early warning system, containing information on the area affected by the flood wave created by the dam breakup; escape routes directions and meeting points so that the population has timely manner to evacuate the risk area.
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6
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MILER PEREIRA ALVES
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METHODOLOGICAL PROPOSAL FOR ANALYSIS OF INFLUENCE OF URBAN PLANNING ON QUALITY OF SURFACE WATER
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Líder : VANIA PALMEIRA CAMPOS
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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Luiz Alberto Esteves Scaloppe
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FRANCISCO RAMON ALVES DO NASCIMENTO
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ICARO THIAGO ANDRADE MOREIRA
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VANIA PALMEIRA CAMPOS
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Data: 10-nov-2021
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Resumen Espectáculo
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The urban planning instruments and the identification of point sources of pollution are elements that must integrate the diagnosis of the framework, according to art. 4 of Resolution No. 91 of the CNRH. The present work aims at elaborating a methodological proposal to analyze the interferences of urban planning in the qualitative aspect of water bodies. This was the product A, a methodological proposal, generated by this work from bibliographic research, and based on the case study of the Corrente River Basin. In this way, the following steps were developed: cartographic analysis, with the help of Geobahia and OBahia; documental analysis, about the urban policy instruments of the cities of São Félix do Coribe and Santa Maria da Vitória; field work, for the identification of the sources of punctual urban pollution and the main activities exercised in the studied stretch of the Corrente River; water quality analysis, from data coming from the Monitora program and from already developed technical reports. The choice of the area for the methodological application is justified by the fact that the Corrrente River, which is a source of water for human supply and moves several economic activities in its surroundings, has been suffering an intense process of degradation in recent years, which if not properly mitigated, could compromise some of its uses. This justified the results of the application of the proposed methodology, having been observed the absence of instruments to discipline the parcelling, use and occupation of the soil and the presence of different point sources of pollution. However, during the period of analysis (2016 - 2021), the stretch of the water body under study was classified, most of the time, as oligotrophic, and the water quality, according to the IQA, considered good. Nevertheless, observing the individual water quality parameters, a violation of phosphorus was observed in one of the collection campaigns, and of pH and turbidity in three of the nineteen campaigns observed. Furthermore, a recent problem of fish mortality in the river and its possible cause was discussed, based on the contamination of the water by toxic substances. Finally, as suggested by the proposed methodology, the problems observed and the intervention proposals applicable to local and water resource managers were listed, aiming at minimizing the negative environmental impacts. Additionally, in view of the need to disseminate knowledge of integrated methodologies to address issues related to the quality of hydric resources, a course plan (product B) was elaborated focusing on the integration between land use and hydric resources management and the impacts on water quality, besides contributing to disseminate practical knowledge about the applicability of integrated methodology between urban planning and hydric management. The study where the developed methodology was applied showed that, in that case, it is urgent to apply the proposed intervention measures, by different institutional representations, which essentially contemplate the elimination of pollution sources, environmental inspection and monitoring, the elaboration of nonexistent urban policy instruments, the monitoring of water quality and the implementation of actions related to basic sanitation, aiming at improving the quality of surface water.
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7
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LUCAS SANTANA CARDOSO
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RIVER BASIN PLANS OF STATE DOMAIN: A PROPOSAL OF IMPLEMENTATION FOLLOW-UP BY MEANS OF TACTICAL-OPERATIONAL MODELS
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Líder : ANDREA SOUSA FONTES
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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Isaque dos Santos Sousa
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ANDREA SOUSA FONTES
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RAYMUNDO JOSE SANTOS GARRIDO
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YVONILDE DANTAS PINTO MEDEIROS
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Data: 23-nov-2021
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Resumen Espectáculo
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In recent decades, Brazil has advanced in the implementation of the instruments of the National Water Resources Policy, especially with regard to the preparation of River Basin Plans, a water planning and management instrument responsible for defining short, medium and long guidelines and actions term to be implemented to guarantee multiple uses. Despite advances in the preparation of this instrument, its implementation has run into different obstacles, whether of a financial or methodological nature. The absence of tools to guide their implementation and binding mechanisms that establish deadlines and mandatory implementation by the responsible entities, has hampered the achievement of the objectives proposed by this instrument. In Brazil, recent initiatives in adopting strategies to monitor the implementation of basin plans have been concentrated on rivers in basins under the Union's domain. In order to establish a methodological strategy for monitoring the implementation of River Basin Plans for rivers in the state domain, this work used tactical-operational models as a planning and management tool for priority actions of these basin plans. The tactical-operational models consist of the breakdown of actions into activities, guided by execution flowcharts using the BPMN (Business Process Management Notation) notation, a descriptive form of these activities containing those responsible for their execution and the progress curve for monitoring deadlines. In order to evaluate the proposed strategy, the Recôncavo Sul Hydrographic Basin Plan was used as a case study. Among the actions that compose it, three priority actions were selected by the corresponding Hydrographic Basin Committee, which were deployed through tactical models operationals to compose a proposal for an operating manual (OPM). Inspired by international experiences, the implementation cycle strategy was adopted as the basis of the methodological construction, which proposes the execution of previous agreements between the executing entities, aiming at meeting the established goals. The fragility of the planning of the studied plan proves to be a bottleneck for the implementation of this plan, and within this core, initially it is proposed to strengthen the deliberative instance, in order to enable the implementation of the Operating Manual (OPM) to achieve the objectives proposed
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