The concerns that led to the construction of this research stemmed from the researcher's clinical experience in a hospital setting with individuals who experienced emergency situations. Urgency is conceived as an index of the irruption of the real, a cut in subjective experience in which the psychic resources that served to circumvent anguish were absent, so as to precipitate the individual into sometimes abrupt exits. This research is guided by Freudian and Lacanian psychoanalytic theory and its general objective is to investigate the symptom as a singular construction in the process of subjectivization of urgency. To this end, the specific objectives are: to investigate the subjectivation of an urgency in the psychoanalytic device and to analyze the clinical consequences of the articulations between urgency, anguish, logical time and symptom based on the construction of a clinical case. This is a qualitative, exploratory study, nameda clinical case construction, a research method in psychoanalysis that allows us to be guided by singularity in order to approach the impasses that arise during treatment. The case that made up this research was followed by the researcher in a public hospital in Salvador, Bahia, during her experience as a psychology resident. As this is a retrospective study, were used documentary records produced in a field diary. The results show that if, on the one hand, the symptom is linked to repetition, on the other hand, it functions as an enunciative act, a significant anchor that makes it possible to subjectivize urgency in the analytical device, so that it becomes a question for the individual. In this sense, this work contributes to theorizing about the processes of subjectivation of urgency, to the transmission of the psychoanalytic clinic and to the discussion about the theoretical-clinical and methodological bases of research in psychoanalysis.

In light of the changes occurring in the world of work, the concepts of career and how it is constructed are undergoing a transformation. Among the new occupations and ways of thinking about careers are digital influencers. This recent and relatively unknown phenomenon is impacting how people shape their lives. Therefore, it has become relevant to examine how the career-building process unfolds for digital influencers. In this regard, the Career Construction Theory (CCT) is employed to analyze this novel career. To achieve the stated objective, the research is of a mixed nature, consisting of two studies. In Study I, an exploratory scoping review was conducted. The aim of this study was to investigate how the notion of career and the work of digital influencers are understood in specialized literature. This study revealed the transition of digital influencer activity from initially being a hobby to becoming a professional endeavor. However, these professionals face challenges such as defining schedules and ensuring fair compensation for their work. Regarding Study II, a qualitative approach was taken, involving semi-structured interviews with 13 digital influencers. The objective of the interviews was to identify the elements involved in the process leading up to the choice of occupation, the necessary characteristics for this role, and the maintenance of this career. Elements related to the digital influencer's activity were identified in this study; however, further research is needed to understand the complexity inherent in this new occupation. With that said, the emergence of new perspectives on digital work activity is connected to a new form of career. Therefore, identifying the profile of these professionals can contribute to understanding their formation

Culturally, as a reproduction of the binary and cisheteronormative language, the gender is taken as an extension of the sex that was read in the people born. Therefore, through what is identified as genitalia will be assigned male or female gender and there will be a pairing between penis/male and vagina/female. Different values, behaviors and social roles will be taught to these two categories considered opposite. This reality is mediated by signs and meanings that will contribute to give a false impression of gender essence, as if the person naturally was born with these characteristics. Although, many existences don’t understand themselves in these binaries molds that scrutinize and control bodies, among them, we have the transsexual people. There is literature shortage that aims to understand the transsexualizing process of the transsexual person, based on they own experiences, which must have be taken off of diagnostic criteria that universalize and pathologize them. Considering the importance of developing more researches in relation to the transsexual men performativity building, the present dissertation takes on as theoretical lens the Butler’s (2003) TheoryPerformativity and the Semiotic Cultural Psychology. Thus, this work had as general objective to comprehend the configuration of semiotic borders in the in becoming a transsexual man. This research had as general objective: To comprehend the configuration of semiotic borders in the in becoming a transsexual man and as specific objectives: 1) Investigate the sigs and meanings sharing by transsexual men about understanding themselves as transexual people; 2) Analyze performative acts in the course of becoming a transsexual man and 3) Discuss tension and ambivalence areas that emerge in the semiotic borders facing the transsexualizing process. Two transsexual men of different places participated in this work. The first one from the city of Feira de Santana-BA and the second one from Santo Antônio de Jesus-BA. For data production, it was used as instrument the narrative interview Jovchelovich and Bauer (200). As evocation resource for the narrative interview was solicited to the participants that bring pictures, objects or any material that were considered important in their transsexualizing process. Furthermore, it was used the adapted dynamic “Meu presente/Meu futuro” by Serrão and Baleeiro (1999, p. 326). To the data collect, were effected two presential meetings and the data analysis were developed into thematic axes. The results indicated that in the transsexual man case, the materialized body by the language didn’t suit the norm in a faithfully, then at the moment it breaks with the hegemonic character, it is noted that there is a gap in this language. This means that, the body during the incessant and parodic repetition of these acts, generates a space that simultaneously becomes the semiotic border permeable to other ways to perform the genders, scaping of the combination penis x male, vagina x female. It can be seen a lack of protagonism in relation to the trans man experience. There is a shortage of literature, public policies, professional qualification and support networks that establish a greater comprehension of these bodies.

Understanding the factors that predict academic performance in mathematics has been the subject of various research studies, as mathematical learning can be influenced by psychological, neuropsychological, emotional, physiological, interactional, and social factors. This dissertation aimed to investigate whether there is an association between the development of social abilities and emotion regulation with the mathematical performance of fifth-grade students in Elementary School. It was a study conducted in two municipal schools in the city of Salvador, Bahia, Brazil, involving 54 participants, 28 males and 26 females, aged 10 to 13 years old. The research utilized a quantitative, exploratory explanatory approach and comprised three studies to address the research objective. Study I: An integrative review explored how research debates the association of emotion regulation in controlling individuals' Math Anxiety index. Study II: An empirical investigation aimed to explore the association between Emotion regulation and Math Anxiety in fifth-grade children, revealing negative correlations between the use of Fear and Anger Regulation Strategies and Anxiety in general mathematics, negative correlation between Fear Regulation Strategies and Anxiety in mathematics homework, negative correlation between the Harmful nature of fear and Anxiety in written calculations, and three positive correlations between Total Score, Anger, and Fear as causal factors with Anxiety in written calculations. Study III: An empirical study examined the association between working memory, social abilities, emotion regulation, math anxiety, and academic performance of fifth-grade students. Results showed that women have higher levels of math anxiety in general and in written calculations, while men have greater emotion regulation strategies for Sadness. A positive correlation was found between working memory and performance in mathematics. No correlation was found for social abilities, but positive correlations were found for the use of fear and joy emotion regulation strategies with academic performance in mathematics. Two negative correlations were found for math anxiety in written calculations and for self-perception of academic performance with mathematics performance. In conclusion, the dissertation identified a positive association between Emotion regulation and Mathematical Performance, making it a predictor of mathematics performance. However, no association was found between Social Abilities and performance in mathematics.

This research arises from the researcher's clinical experience with patients in a COVID-19
reference Intensive Care Unit (ICU), during the period from March 2020 to September 2021,
in a large hospital in the city of Salvador - BA. Based on this experience, the following
question was formalized as a research problem: what is the role of the body of the
psychologist, practitioner of psychoanalysis, in the clinical management of the critical patient
by COVID-19? The general aim of the project is to discuss the analytical function of the body
of the psychoanalysis practitioner in the clinical management of the COVID-19 critical
patient. As specific objectives, we propose: I) To characterize the transformations of the
psychologist's work in the hospital in a COVID-19 ICU, in articulation with psychoanalytic
theory; II) To describe the entry of virtual devices as a tool for communication and clinical
intervention with patients hospitalized due to COVID-19 and III) To articulate the notions of
the body, the analyst's position and the analyst's desire in relation to clinical cases. This work
is anchored in Freudian and Lacanian psychoanalytic theory as the guiding axis in the
conceptual, methodological and investigative design of this research, and adopts the
perspective of bodies in order to articulate psychoanalytic readings and the advent of the
pandemic. This is a qualitative, retrospective and documentary study, which uses the trait du
cas as its methodological strategy. This method of research in psychoanalysis favors
preserving the identity of the patients, as its interest lies in the elements that concern the
practice of the psychoanalyst-researcher. Therefore, the choice of cases is linked to their
enigmatic value and to the transmission of the psychoanalytic clinic, as they have called on
the psychoanalytic practitioner to produce an inventiveness in her function: to lend body and
voice. The results allowed us to isolate the body lending as the trait of the cases and, in this
sense, the theoretical-clinical formulations of this study understand the body lending as a
tactical operator found by the practitioner of psychoanalysis to make the analyst's desire
operate in the face of limiting clinical situations. Through the theoretical and clinical
deepening of this research, we hope to contribute to the ethical and political commitment of
psychology and psychoanalysis in the face of the advent of the pandemic and its calls to
reinvent the clinic.

The present study aims to systematize and analyze, through two reviews of national
literature, scientific evidence that relates Darwinian evolutionism to psychoanalytic
praxis, as conceived by Sigmund Freud. The dissertation is presented in the format of two
independent articles and interconnected by the object, namely, the presence of Darwinian
evolutionism in Freudian psychoanalysis. The importance of this discussion in
psychoanalytic literature and its connections is highlighted, given its fundamental nature
for understanding the epistemological bases of psychoanalysis. The work is divided into
two objectives, each of them referred respectively to the two articles: a) identify and
contextualize evidence and impact of Darwinian evolutionism in the work of Sigmund
Freud, through a systematic review of the national specialized literature in the last two
decades; b) investigate, also in the national literature, the discussion about Freudian
concepts and their relationship with the Darwinian theory of evolution. As a result of the
first article, it is indicated that the relationship of Darwinian evolutionism with Freudian
psychoanalysis permeates two domains: 1) the presence of Darwinian evolutionism and
the evolutionary model in academic training and in the formalization of Freud's work; 2)
the presence of Darwinian evolutionism as a resource. As a result of the second article,
two concepts stand out. The concept of Trieb, object of great attention in most of the
studies collected, presents itself as a valuable path for conceptual dialogue between
evolutionary biology and psychoanalysis. The second concept, death drive, is also
highlighted, although it deserves more research investment. All these perspectives range
from Freud's publications in his relationship with Darwin to new ways of thinking about
the incidence of evolutionary grounds in the constitution of psychoanalysis.

This dissertation is the result of a political stance that argues that the issue of race is an issue that needs to be tackled in our society. Its starting point is my involvement with discussions on racism, whiteness and anti-racism, as well as my experience of dealing with these issues in the context of mental health, from the time I was a Mental Health Resident. Social constructionist psychology served as a theoretical-methodological framework, outlining a type of social research based on the principle of dialogicity. We interviewed 17 professionals from a Child-Adolescent Psychosocial Care Center, asking them to explain what they thought about this issue, to describe emblematic cases and to give their opinion on how their team dealt with this issue in their daily work. In addition to the transcripts of the interviews, we have included as a record of information in this dissertation, a field diary produced at the time I was at the unit to do the interviews and a reflective learning portfolio I had prepared years before as a resident, which helped us to contextualize elements of the history of this service and the team's involvement with discussions on racial issues. We organized the information produced by the interviews into tables containing dialogical fragments selected from different analysis focuses: 1) articulations between racism, suffering and interventions in care and 2) team positioning around racial issues. In addition to them, we created two more focuses, based on needs we felt during fieldwork: 3) ways of racial classification and 4) filling out the race/color question. As products of this dissertation we present two articles. Article 1 discusses how to incorporate reflection on the racial belonging of researchers and interlocutors as elements of analysis in the production of knowledge. To this end, we describe our fieldwork experience and problematize the way in which the racial self-declaration of our interlocutors gave rise to the need to think about this process. In Article 2 we present part of the results of the analysis of the table related to focus "1". We show the relevance of racial issues in thinking about the mental health of children and adolescents, as well as thinking about the care processes offered in specialized services for this public. We can see how many of the cases monitored at CAPSia have configurations of suffering that point to racism as one of their main causes. Many black children from Salvador come to the unit with complaints related to the construction of self-image, identification with whiteness, experiences of racial violence at school, complaints of self- and hetero-aggressive behavior contextualized by racism. We show the challenges of approaching these cases through the interpersonal dimension of racism, confining them to an individual problem, but also the importance of educational activities for the development of critical thinking in the follow-up of these cases.

This research explored the Ludic Practices of a group of teenagers in an oncology patient support institution, with the purpose of understanding their role in development. Grounded in the Bioecological Theory of Human Development (BTHD), the research defined Ludic Practices as proximal processes, highlighting them as specific interactions in the person-context relationship. Considering teenagers as subjects in development, the thesis sought to understand their ludic actions, expanding the view of play as a developmental component, shaping play cultures. It was a qualitative research, with an exploratory approach, in a discovery mode, presenting, throughout three interconnected studies, the synergistic relationship of the Process, Person, Context, and Time (PPCT) components, and adapting to the challenges imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic. The research involved 20 teenagers affiliated with the Child Cancer Support Group (GACC/BA). Empirical data were aligned with BTHD, resulting in the construction of the theoretical argument of Ludic Practices Promoting Development (LPPD); in the analysis of the configuration of play cultures in significant systems, mediated in digital environments; and in the production of a guideline booklet on the roles of ecological contexts with teenagers with cancer. The thesis highlights teenagers as active and creative agents in their development, capable of acting playfully even in adverse conditions, and proposes Ludic Practices as a driving force of development, in the analysis of person-context relations in studies involving play in adolescent development.

This research investigates self-injury in adolescents without suicidal intent. To favor the understanding of the phenomenon of self-injury in adolescence, a perspective based on Cultural Semiotic Psychology was adopted. The research´s general objective was to understand and analyze the semiotic dynamics involved in the process of self-injury in adolescents. The specific objectives were: a) To identify and analyze the senses and meanings related to self-injury in adolescents; b) To describe and analyze the main points of tension and ambivalence reported by adolescents who experience or have experienced self-injury practices; c) To analyze how adolescents who experience or have experienced self-injury practices give meaning to their own bodies; d) To analyze the semiotic strategies of self-regulation involved in the self-injury process in adolescents. The qualitative and idiographic approach was utilized for this research. Three adolescents, aged sixteen and seventeen, who were attending high school, were interviewed by means of a Comprehensive Interview. The ethical procedures provided by Resolutions n. 510, of April 7, 2016, and 466/2012, of the CNS (Brazil. MS, 2012, 2016), were respected. The study showed that the feelings most referred to when faced with self-injury were anguish, pain, emptiness, and anxiety. Four units (or axes) of analysis were organized: 1) The continuous process of construction of meanings; 2) The emergence of meanings through ambivalence; 3) My body communicates what I feel. 4) You can let me solve it by myself. These units point to the fact that meaning is configured as a complex sign characterized by duality between what one is and what one could be. For the adolescents, self-injury produces an ambiguous feeling of discomfort and, at the same time, relief. For the adolescent participants, the experience of the body is like the creative field of meaning, expression of feelings, and subjectivity. They trace their emotions in their bodies so they can remember and, at the same time, they can forget. The practice of self-injury expresses, above all, a cry for help.

This work analyzes the love experiences of transvestites and transsexual women, based on the impacts that heterocisnormativity causes in their lives, which are considered abject. Studies on transvestites and transgender women have focused predominantly on three axes: violence, STIs/AIDS and prostitution, as work imposed on this social group due to lack of opportunities in other professions. In these studies, therefore, the love experience lived as a constitutive element of subjectivities does not emerge. In these terms, this path must be followed, being a contribution that encourages other productions on this theme, in the sense of multiplying knowledge in a field of investigation that is still little explored. To carry out this research, it was essential to establish a dialogue between certain currents of psychoanalysis and gender and sexuality theorists. Through a qualitative research, using enunciation analysis, I interviewed 4 transvestites and 8 transsexual women, who filled out the sociodemographic questionnaire and narrated their love experiences, later distributed in categories and analyzed thematically. In these terms, it was possible to find in the multiplicity of loves experienced by transvestites and transsexual women, in addition to heterocisnormative conceptions, cisgender discourses and practices, a framework for transphobic actions against this social group. I also verified the existence of heterociscompulsoriety and the necessary restoration of psychoanalysis, in a political perspective of visibility and struggle for the recognition of the lives of transvestites and transsexual women, based on their love experiences, in a process of non-violent confrontation of gender norms and sexuality.

The stressful life events are happenings that can provoke changes and require an adaptative response. This study had as a goal to describe the experiences with life stressful events and the coping strategies of mothers and fathers of children from three to six years of age during the COVID 19 pandemic. Nine mothers and four fathers, distributed in three groups focused online, reported their experiences with life stressful events and the strategies that they used to deal with these events. The thematic analysis grouped respectively into: Major life events: Changes caused by confinement, Changes at work and Changes at school; Stressful life events: Home and children, Concern and health care and Relationship with family members and Coping strategies: Strategies focused on the problem and Strategies focused on emotion. The results indicate that confinement and the distance learning were the main life events with stressful nature that produced a harsh impact on the day to day of mothers and fathers. The female workload resulted of the accumulation of domestic, professional and parental demands, as the impossibility of sharing these demands with their partners or other family members, also turned the care for the house and children into stressful events of high impact to the mothers. The coping strategies were shared, mostly for women who described different measures that could improve family performance. In conclusion, in situations of crisis and disaster, families, especially mothers of small children, should be consistently supported to avoid that common damage of the adverse contexts are not amplified by avoidable conditions.

Commitment is a dynamic phenomenon that undergoes changes over time, in line with other sectors of life. However, this phenomenon, composed of multiple foci, tends to be fragmented for research and analysis purposes. Alternatively, Commitment System Theory (CST) seeks to encompass multiple commitments and provide tools for understanding how they interact and affect each other systemically. In turn, the career is considered a social process, inherent to the life cycle and subject to evolution throughout its development. In this sense, understanding what professionals are committed to at work and in other spheres of life other than work, in different career gains, is consolidated as an issue to be explored. Gender difference is also a relevant aspect in the formation of commitment systems, due to the historical influence of sociocultural factors in assigning social roles to men and women. The present research aims to compare the commitment systems in different spheres of the work and life (work and non-work), identifying possible effects of the gender variable and career meanings. Two quantitative and cross-sectional studies were carried out: the first applied network analysis as a methodological strategy for analyzing commitment systems; and the second, described the commitment system to different focuses of work and other spheres of life other than work, comparing the variables of gender and career incidence of civil servants. As a result, it was found that work tasks are the central focus of the workers, with those working in the management stage showing greater interaction with the focuses of the work’s sphere, while professionals in the disengagement stage express a greater balance of commitments with the two spheres. Female workers show greater commitments between the work and family, while male workers express a balance of commitments between the work and non-work domains. In conclusion, the application of network analysis is an efficient methodological strategy for apprehending the workers' commitment system, enabling integrated reflections that cover the complexity of the construct.

Traffic is a dynamic context composed of roads, vehicles, and people. However, most traffic
problems, including accidents, arise from the human factor. Many studies have been conducted
on empathy, personality, and behavior, but not addressing the relationship between them in the
context of mobility. Thus, this study emphasized these elements in order to give more visibility to
the discussions about traffic in the interior of the state of Bahia and to contribute to possible
future social and/or educational interventions. With this, we sought to analyze the possible
relationship between empathy, personality, and the behavior of errors, lapses, and violations
among licensed drivers, to know the profile of these subjects, and to look for possible differences
between sex, age, education, and involvement in accidents. The following printed instruments
were used, namely: the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI); the Personality Scale for Drivers
(EPM); the Driver Behavior Questionnaire (QCM); and a Sociodemographic Questionnaire
prepared by the author. The non-probability convenience sample was composed of qualified
subjects, obeying all ethical aspects. Of the 189 subjects, most were male, with a mean age of
38.8 years, complete high school education, licensed for car and motorcycle (AB), with no
history of accidents, with high pro-sociability and empathic consideration, and with more lapses
than errors and violations. Younger drivers showed more violation and less empathic
consideration when compared to older drivers. There was a negative correlation between
emotional instability and perspective taking; and between perspective taking and empathic
consideration and the violation factor. There was a positive correlation between error, lapses, and
violation behaviors and the factors emotional instability and sensation-seeking. Impulsivity and
lapses also correlated positively, and pro-sociability and violations negatively, suggesting that
people who violate traffic the most are those who are more unstable and who tend to put
themselves less in the place of others. The results suggest the need to intensify studies in the context of traffic, especially with regard to personality (pro-sociability, emotional instability, and sensation-seeking), rape behaviors, and empathy.

This research has grief as its object of investigation, using psychoanalytic theory in articulation with Judith Butler's political philosophy as a theoretical contribution. Starting from the Butlerian notion of non-grievable lives, the following question was elaborated as a research problem: how is the subjective experience of the work of mourning characterized for those who suffer from the loss of socially non-grievable lives? The assumptions that enabled the formulation of this question will be discussed in the introduction to this work, namely: 1) the recognition and affirmation of the indissociability between the singular and collective dimensions of subjectivity in the psychoanalytic perspective; 2) the way in which this indissociability is presented in the Freudian essay Mourning and Melancholy (1917), one of the main references in this project; and 3) the articulation made, from this, between psychoanalysis and philosophy, to think about mourning as a political category. From these points, the research objectives will be presented followed by the justification. From the point of view of approaching the research problem and the objectives to be presented, it is proposed to carry out an exploratory research of a qualitative nature, operationalized through semi-structured interviews, discussed in dialogue with the bibliographic review on the subject. Studies on mourning will be taken as a basis, specifically in cases of losses resulting from state violence. Data production will be done through the records of interviews and field diaries, with mothers whose children have been victims of state violence as participants in the research. The results found in the reports allow us to defend the way in which State violence is expressed not only in the lack of recognition of some lives (and is based on non-recognition) but also produces effects in the way mourning will be experienced. We emphasize that the different framing modalities of some lives can produce, as a consequence, characteristic mourning: production of guilt, difficulties in the elaboration and symbolization of felt affections. Finally, the presentation of each narrative aims to defend the testimonies for their dual function: to elaborate the loss, to denounce the violence that is observed in these. We bet on the possibility that this study will contribute to broaden the discussions around the theme and not only theoretical constructions, but clinical ones, in the reception, in the management and in the subjective listening of the work of mourning. 

Historically, the deaf have been a social minority compared to the hearing population, being more vulnerable to the assignment of negative stereotypes with ableist bias, and consequently, facing prejudice and discrimination. These representations influence the formation of the individual's self-concept from the awareness of categorical belonging. The present study aims to analyze through the point of view of deaf people themselves their social identity from self-categorization, as well as to investigate the existing relationships between the identity of the deaf person and the surrounding social structure, which is made up of individuals who have many difficulties to relate to the different and therefore establish physical and social barriers. According to the belief that social interactions construct social identity, five episodic narrative interviews were conducted with deaf people (two men and three women), aiming to map the trajectory and awareness of group belonging and, therefore, the social identity of deaf people. The interviews were conducted online due to the global COVID-19 pandemic, which required social distancing. They were analyzed using the Thematic Analysis Method to observe relevant aspects involved in creating deaf social identity: the contexts in which the person is inserted, the effect of the mostly hearing social structure, and the effects of ableism. Among the main findings, the Brazilian sign language – LIBRAS – was considered a central element for creating deaf social identity. It was also observed that prejudiced and ableist attitudes are associated with a negative social identity, and influence the self-confidence of deaf people, generating concern about their realities and affecting different individual and collective coping strategies.

This study aims at comparing the beliefs of people with different racial features, who are assisted by an institution of the Justice System in the city of Salvador/Bahia, regarding the perception of racial discrimination and the influence of the Belief in a Just World theory on the legitimization of institutional racism. The Public Ministry, the institution responsible for upholding the democratic rule of law and committed to defending the most vulnerable populations, routinely perpetuates racist practices that lead to injustices and disadvantages for the Black community. The Belief in a Just World theory has proven to be a powerful psychological variable for legitimizing the system and social apathy. Similarly, institutional trust has emerged as an important construct for understanding the mechanisms for maitaining hierarchies in unequal societies like Brazil. In this sense, I chose to investigate how costumers of the Public Ministry of the State of Bahia perceive racial discrimination in the institution through an integrative perspective of Social Psychology theories. A total of 98 people who had been served by the institution at least once took part in this research. In general, the results showed that the participants had a low perception of racial discrimination within the institution. Furthermore, the analyses demonstrate that there was no significant difference in the perception of discrimination among black, mixed-race, and white participants. A multiple linear regression model showed that the variables "overall service quality," "elementary education", and "woman" can predict the perception of discrimination. I also identified that people with a strong belief in a “personal just world” perceived less discrimination against the Black community, while the “trust in the Public Ministry” was influenced by the “belief in a global just world”. I did not identify any influence of the “belief in a just world” on the relationship between satisfaction with the service and the perception of discrimination, as it was predicted. In general, the analyses demonstrated that the quality of customer service proved to be a powerful variable for the perception of institutional racism within the Public Ministry. The overall findings of this study reaffirm the complexity of the manifestation of racism, especially in institutions that advocate for egalitarian, democratic and anti-discriminatory principles. Therefore, I can infer that the good costumer service, when combined with other legitimizing beliefs, without the adoption of an anti-racist institutional policy that promotes profound changes in the organizational culture, will function as yet another mechanism of social docilization.

This research arises from the experience of an internship in mental health, guided by the psychoanalytic theory. In this context, it was possible to perceive obstacles between the social bond in the psychosis and the direction of treatment, since the subjects' position was disregarded or even foreclosured by the clinical team. Thus, the guiding question arises: how does the provision of listening supported by the clinic that gives voice to the subject, in psychoanalysis, interfere with the repositioning of the subject in the social bond? From the construction of a clinical case, the subject's clinic appears as a research tool in which the work experience in the context of mental health can contemplate not only descriptive aspects of their reality, but favors the emergence of elements that situate the discourses and the direction of treatment in psychosis. To address the issue, the general objective of this work is to investigate, based on a clinical case, the role of the psychoanalytic clinic in the modalization of the obstacles of the psychosis and the social bond. The specific objectives will be proposed: 1) Identify the place of the clinic in treating the obstacles of psychosis and the social bond; 2) Examine, based on the theories of Freud and Lacan, the particularities in the management of psychosis in view of the subject's position with the language; 3) Investigate the management of transference in psychosis and its consequences in the social bond, and 4) Discuss, based on the clinical case, how the management of enjoyment affects the social bond in psychosis. This work is justified insofar as the theme regarding the direction of the treatment of psychosis and its obstacles in the face of the social bond continue to circulate in the most diverse fields of knowledge and, with regard to psychoanalysis, Jacques Lacan's theory of discourses can bring important contributions that avoid the foreclosure of the subject operated by other areas. Furthermore, when thinking about how professional practices are guided, even in times of reform, one can see how the asylum and medicalizing discourse still appears as a dominant trend. Thus, psychoanalysis with its ethics can call for problematization and propose solutions based on the subject's clinic based on the management of the transference relationship in psychosis, which aims to contain the intrusive enjoyment of the Other, evidenced in the elementary phenomena of psychosis, such as delusions and hallucinations. 

This research investigated the risk factors (RF) and protective factors (PF) for the development of LGBT+ street connected adolescents and youth. To this end, it used the Bioecological Theory of Human Development to analyze the reverberations of experiences linked to sexual and gender diversity in the life trajectories of the participants, considering the relationships established in the micro-systems of the street, family and social institutions/projects. This is a qualitative descriptive study in which two adolescents and eight young black people took part, aged between 16 and 22 and with previous and/or current street experiences in Salvador/Ba. There are four cis women, one trans woman, three cis men and two non-binary people, with different sexual orientations: three lesbians, three gays, three bisexuals and one heterosexual. The reflective interviews were analyzed using the Thematic Analysis technique, mobilizing references such as the theory of Minority Stress. From an intersectional perspective of the social markers of difference (gender, sexuality, race/ethnicity, social class, among others), the study considered that the public surveyed is exposed to specific risks related to prejudice directed at sexual and gender minority status. LGBT+phobia is pointed out as one of the reasons for taking to the streets, and this microsystem is fundamental for socialization, expression and experiencing sexuality and gender dissent, implying both risk and protection dimensions. The family, despite the adversities experienced, is still a significant microsystem of reference. The institutional contexts, above all the social project in which they participate, is a differential in the lives of the participants, promoting participation and engagement in artistic and cultural activities, family and community life, as well as welcoming and offering support for sexual and gender diversity, with emphasis on the protective effects of LGBT+ representation. The RF identified point to different forms of victimization, rejection and lack of social and emotional support. The FP, on the other hand, encompasses welcoming and respecting sexual and gender diversity in different contexts, including the fundamental issue of access to educational opportunities, decent work, associated with life projects and future projections. Furthermore, the research reiterates that RF and PF are dynamic and relational variables that involve individual and contextual aspects, as well as not being universal, and that it is essential to promote contexts that welcome sexual and gender diversity and promote resilience processes.

This work undertakes an investigation of the processes of mourning, grief and loss as a result of Covid-19 deaths. The study originally starts from the researcher's work on the frontline of the Covid-19 pandemic assistance as a hospital psychologist and, subsequently and additionally, from her work as a member of the team of psychologists in the Extension Project: “Grief and subjectivations: Clinic, ethic and politics – Online support for people bereaved by losses caused by Covid-19” from the Federal University of Bahia. These professional insertions subsequently enable constructing a research based on the experiences of people who lost family members as a result of Covid-19, under the focus of those who experienced such losses, after going through hospitalization events. To understand these experiences, it was necessary to undertake an interdisciplinary reading of the pandemic, guided from a theoretical lens that articulates psychoanalysis and human science theorists, considering the political and social reality of Brazil, as well as the transformations of the death scene and dying in hospitals as relevant and influencing factors in these mourning processes. From a psychoanalytic point of view, subjectivities are emphasized, from which was formulated the research question: how the grieving processes of people who lost family members due Covid-19 are being experienced? The general objective of the project is to understand, through psychoanalytic perspective, the grief experience of people who have lost family members hospitalized as a result of Covid-19. As specific objectives, the aim is to: (I) Describe how the transformations in the scene of death and dying in the hospital context during the Pandemic had an impact on the grieving processes of the family members; (II) Understand the singularities of the grieving processes for losses related to Covid-19; (III) Interrogate how the socio-political context in which the losses related to the Covid-19 pandemic in Brazil interferes or affects the grieving processes and (IV) Analyze the possibilities of incidence of psychoanalytic treatment in the mourning processes mourning caused by Covid-19. Configured as a qualitative and retrospective study that adopts the Construction of Clinical Cases in Psychoanalysis as a methodological strategy. The aim of this study is to contribute through clinical findings that demonstrate the specificities of these grief experiences and the relevance of support for people who experience such losses, emphasizing the listening and intervention to these experiences in their singularity as a way of working through these losses nowadays. 

Subjective well-being is a concept used in Psychology to refer to happiness. The experience of parenting can affect the subjective well-being of mothers and fathers, reducing their life satisfaction. Parental subjective well-being is associated with parenting practices and styles, and child developmental outcomes. The current dissertation aimed to develop an online intervention to promote the subjective well-being of mothers and fathers of children aged 3 to 6 years old. This objective was achieved by three complementary studies, which resulted in three articles. Study 1 presents a theoretical model of the causal relationships between parental subjective well-being, parenting practices, parenting styles and child social-emotional competence. This model was developed in three stages. First, it presented the dimensions and main predictors of each studied concept. Second, it discussed empirical evidence of the reciprocal relations between the four constructs. Third, it was proposed a theoretical model of the causal relationships between these variables. According to this theoretical model, parents’ subjective well-being has bidirectional causal relationships with parenting practices and styles, and with children’s social-emotional competence. Parents’ subjective well-being affects children’s social-emotional competence directly and indirectly, via parenting practices, whose impact is moderated by parenting styles. Study 2 refers to an integrative review on intervention strategies used to promote subjective well-being among parents of 0 to 11-year-old children. The search was conducted in the Web of Science, Scopus, PsycINFO, PubMed, and LILACS databases, and included papers written in English, Spanish, or Portuguese. Two judges collected and analyzed data independently, using the Rayyan web application. Eleven papers met the inclusion criteria and described 21 strategies, that were classified as behavioral, cognitive, or emotional. The interventions influencing only the affective dimension of parental subjective well-being included only behavioral and cognitive strategies. On the other hand, the interventions that enhanced both affective and cognitive dimensions included strategies addressing emotional variables besides behavioral and cognitive variables. Study 3 describes process of developing an online intervention to promote the subjective well-being of poorly educated parents of children aged 3 to 6, using the Intervention Mapping approach. This protocol comprises six stages, and the first four stages were conducted in Study 3. The first stage performed an integrative review (Study 2), three focus groups with parents, and an interview with a community health agent to identify risk and protection factors of parents’ subjective well-being. The results provided support to design the logic model of the problem. In the following three stages, it was developed a logic model of change and a matrix of objectives, selected the theoretical models and practical strategies, and described the components and materials of the Parental Well-being Program (PWP) [Bem-Estar Subjetivo Parental (BESP), in Portuguese]. This is a 10-week online program that includes video-based self-administered activities and videoconferences held by a psychologist once a week. The PWP can affect parents’ subjective well-being direct and indirectly, via parenting practices and styles, and child developmental outcomes. Likewise, the PWP can improve child developmental outcomes indirectly, via parents’ subjective well-being and parenting practices and styles.

This thesis focuses on studying emotional labor in police officers. Considering the social relevance of police officers for the security and stability of society, the objective of this work was assess the effectiveness of a training to improve the repertoire of regulation strategies and reduce the stress of police officers based on the mapping of their emotional labor demands. Study 1 was a systematic literature review which was conducted to analyze empirical studies on training and interventions with a focus on the mental health of police officers. Upon determining the search and inclusion criteria, 30 papers were found and analyzed, which were categorized by using Bloom’s Taxonomy (learning domains: cognitive, affective and psychomotor). Two categories were created: one category comprising mixed-domain training, and another one consisting of single-domain training. The results indicate a growth in the number of publications after 2018 and the predominance of training that used the three learning domains. Study 2 comprised document analysis, an interview, and a focus group, to characterize police officers’ emotional labor demands required by their occupation and by their corporation The analyzed document was the Statute of the Police Force of the State of Bahia, where we identified three categories (demands related to the mission of the corporation; demands related to the professional role of police officers; and, demands related to personal conduct). Subsequently, we conducted an interview with a police force chief and a focus group with three participants. The interview and focus group were analyzed by using the IRAMUTEQ software and two axes and three classes were identified. The first axis was named “Society demands” (class 3) while the second axis was named “Professional role demands”, which divided into two classes: “Affective states” (class 1) and “Compliance with institutional norms” (class 2). Finally, Study 3 assessed the effectiveness of a training designed on the outcomes of the literature review and the identified emotional labor  demands, to improve police officers’ process of emotional regulation and stress reduction. Forty-four police officers split into an experimental group and a control group participated in the training. The results showed a decrease in emotional dysregulation and stress in the experimental group shortly after they participated in the intervention and follow-up. In this study procedural changes were observed, which contributed to understanding the gain of regulatory repertoire over time by police officers, who are a job category strongly subjected to emotional challenges. The three studies helped to better delimit the phenomenon of emotional regulation, considering its dynamic nature and the results indicate practical contributions by offering help for police officers to manage stress and their emotion experiences.

The appearance of emerging risks, from which the psycho-social risks at work, have led to the growing preoccupation of general society and organizations. Its emphasized visibility is due to worldwide chained events by the International Job Organization, which focuses on preventing the psycho-social risks at work and how the workers conceive, organize, and handle the job. It is also important to mention the connection between the career and its effect on how the individual will relate to his work. The approach to psycho-social risk stresses the existence of various factors that can make converging or even antagonistic demands. The present thesis proposes testing the relationship between the psycho-social risk exposure at work and the bond development with the career mentioned earlier (commitment and entrenchment) of the high-school and public-school teachers in Cape Verde. This study has also integrated the effect of the choice and phase of the career in that relationship. It is a study about a transverse, correlational, and quantities’ cut based on various instruments containing diverse questionnaires to assess the different variables of research, using validated scales to measure the psycho-social risk (COPSOQ), the bond scale with the teaching career, scale of choice of profession, besides the socio-demographic characterization. The collected sample was 222 public and high-school teachers from the island of Santiago. It was possible to establish the bond's profile with those teachers’ careers and evaluate the relationship between the establishment of that bond and the exposure of said teachers to the psycho-social risk with the job. The results demonstrate, overall, that exposure to psycho-social does not affect the function of the subjects under the study. Among the subscales of the COPSOQ, cognitive demand appears as the greater risk of exposure, whereas offensive behavior is the most significant risk protector. Not only that, but the results also reveal no meaningful relationship between the sociodemographic and occupational variables and the psycho-social risk exposures among those teachers. Generally, it is possible to observe that the professors are committed to their respective careers. Finally, the study reveals that phase and career choice variables do not predict the relationship between psycho-social risk and the bond with the subject's employment under study. In this context, this job strives to improve the quality of the relationship between the teacher and his profession, the educational organization, and his career. The results of this work envisage new studies that amplify their generalization and develop more theoretic models to analyze the relationship between the psycho-social risk at work and the bond with the careers of professionals in Cape Verde.

The objective of this thesis was to evaluate the correlation and prediction between components of executive functions (inhibitory control and cognitive flexibility), metacognition of thoughts and feelings, and emotional regulation in typical adults. Additionally, the present study aimed to evaluate the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on the main dependent variables of the study, in adults with major depression. The thesis is divided into three empirical studies. The first article described the construction of the Metacognition of Thoughts and Feelings Scale (EMETAPS) and analyzed the validity evidence based on content and internal structure. Participants were 419 adults with typical development, aged between 18 and 60 years. The scale items were constructed based on the Knowledge of Cognition and Regulation of Cognition constructs. According to the judges' analysis, factor analysis and internal consistency results, the EMETAPS proved to be adequate for evaluating the metacognition of thoughts and feelings in typical adults. Study 2 had the general objective of evaluating the correlation and prediction between executive functions, metacognition and emotional regulation in typical adults. 245 adults aged between 18 and 55 answered the Five Digits Test – FDT, the EMETAPS and the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ). The results showed that there was no correlation between executive functions and metacognition. On the other hand, results revealed that subcomponents of executive functions and metacognition correlated with different emotion regulation strategies. Study 3 examined the effects of tDCS on the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) on executive functions, metacognition of thoughts and feelings, and emotion regulation in adults with major depression. Eighteen adults between 18 and 40 years old participated, who underwent 10 sessions of active tDCS (n = 10) or sham tDCS (n = 8) for two weeks. The severity of depression symptoms, executive functions, metacognition, and emotion regulation strategies of participants were assessed at baseline, posttest, and 3-month follow-up after the intervention. Overall, it was possible to observe that active tDCS did not have a greater effect on the variables compared to the SHAM intervention. New research is needed that seeks to assess the underlying mechanisms of emotion regulation, as well as to find the best tDCS intervention protocols capable of promoting a significant improvement in cognitive functions and in emotion regulation strategies in adults with major depression.

This research sought to understand the meaning processes of homeless adolescents about violence. An approach of a qualitative nature, of the interpretative type, was used, having as a theoretical reference the Semiotic Cultural Psychology and as participants five adolescents living on the streets, aged between 16 and 19 years old, who were living or working irregularly on the streets of Feira de Santana-Ba. The construction and production of data comprised the mapping of the institutions that work with the referred population, the access to geographical and social territories of greater vulnerability (traffic lights, road, fair and public squares) and the application of four instruments and/or techniques of data collection (sociodemographic questionnaire, vignetting technique, semi-structured interview and field diary). The data were transcribed, organized and analyzed, through a broad reading, with the aim of seeking meanings and aiming to define forms of categorization and/or subcategorization of information. In this thesis, the implications of semiotic constructions of adolescents in the conduction of violent behavior and/or in its avoidance are highlighted. The retraction of violent behavior emerged in the face of signs loaded with social, religious and affective representations. Paternal violence and family conflicts are related to the semiotic processes of going to the streets and committing infractions, while work on the street exposed processes of internalization and externalization of values related to moral behavior and distancing from infractions. In addition, the participants' narratives pointed to processes of defamiliarization, lack of social protection and depoliticization, and signs from collective culture such as "aggression" and "people's bad hearts" were associated with forms of physical, psychological, social and institutional violence and other signs from personal culture such as “Attention to people's characteristics” and “Acting Politely” were presented as useful forms of protection, affective, emotional and behavioral regulation in the cycle of relationships in the street world.

Studying the influence of multiple work commitments on the performance and voice behavior of employees remains a theoretical and empirical challenge in the field of organizational behavior. Current studies approach commitment in isolation, without considering the dynamic interrelationships between them. This research seeks to fill this gap by exploring how these connections are structured systemically using the concepts of the Commitment Systems Theory and Psychological Network Analysis techniques. The main objective of this thesis is to examine how university professors' multiple commitments to teaching, research, extension, and management activities (action commitments), as well as their emotional attachment to the university (organizational commitment), are articulated in a system of commitments and their potential impacts on job performance and the expression of pro-social voice behavior in both public and private universities. The participating professors answered a questionnaire containing a set of psychometrically valid scales. The data analysis was carried out using the statistical software JASP 017.2.1 and Gephi-0.10.1. Mean comparison tests between groups (T-test and ANOVA), cluster analysis, correlations, multiple linear regression, moderation analysis, and psychological network analysis were used. The sample for this research was non-probabilistic, with 416 participating professors. The age range of the participants was from 27 to 75 years (MD = 47.65; SD = 10.46), and the majority of participants were female (59.13%). Based on the cluster analysis, eight profiles of commitment to teaching activities were identified and interpreted, labeled as follows: 1. More Committed, 2. Less Committed, 3. Extensionist, 4. Non-Researcher, 5. Manager, 6. Researcher, 7. Researcher-Extensionist Non-Manager, and 8. Researcher-Manager Non-Extensionist. The Profiles "1. More Committed" and "7. Researcher-Extensionist Non-Manager" showed the highest levels of teaching performance (MD = 4.27 and MD = 4.22). Additionally, profiles "8. Researcher-Manager Non-Extensionist" and "1. More Committed" showed the highest mean scores for management commitment (MD=5,33 e MD=5,25) and Pro-Social Voice Behavior (MD=4,12 e MD=4,14). It was found that the attachment to actions predicts job performance better than organizational commitment (17.7% > 3.6%). The emotional attachment to the university moderated the relationships between commitment to extension and extension performance, as well as the relationship between commitment to management and management performance (p < 0.005). The professor's academic title, together with their work regime, was able to predict 18.2% of research performance, while the time as a professor and the work regime predicted 9.24% of management performance. Commitment to actions predicted Pro-Social Voice Behavior better than commitment to the university (13.7% > 2.1%). Commitment to management was able to predict 17.3% of Pro-Social Voice Behavior, whereas socio-occupational variables could not explain any variance. In the network analysis, it is shown that the commitment focuses are grouped into five distinct communities, showing strong and intermediate relationships between them. Through the node sizes, it was possible to notice that the connection established with the university is smaller compared to other commitment focuses. Within the links with the actions, the commitment to teaching and research stands out as the strongest and most consolidated. On the other hand, it is perceived that the link with management is the most incipient in the network, indicating that this focus may be less developed or less interconnected with the other commitment focuses. In conclusion, the study satisfactorily fulfilled its objectives, addressing how the commitment of professors to the university and teaching activities impact performance and pro-social voice behavior. Thus, contributing to the understanding of how university professors manage their various commitments and providing a basis for further research.

The objective of this thesis is to demonstrate that, in Freudian and Lacanian psychoanalysis, the training of a psychoanalyst comes primarily from their experience as an analysand. The work is structured in three articles, interconnected by the object of investigation, namely, the relationship between psychoanalytic experience, psychoanalyst training, and the teaching of psychoanalysis. The articles discuss, from the conjunction and disjunction of arguments, possible relations between experience, training, and teaching, having Freudian and Lacanian psychoanalysis as a theoretical framework. Considering, with Freud, that research in psychoanalysis is a constitutive part of the clinic, this investigation starts from an experience of psychoanalysis already concluded and in part published, and emphasizes the incidence of the experience as an analysand in the formation and, consequently, in the teaching/transmission of psychoanalysis. The hypothesis can be formulated as follows: if, since Freud, psychoanalyst training has been based on the tripod formed between personal analysis (i.e. analytical experience), supervision of treatments conducted by the analyst, and the theory that comes from practice, the experience of personal analysis is the element that supports supervision and theoretical study. The question that guides the research is: how do we qualify the training of the analyst and the teaching/transmission of psychoanalysis from the analysis experience, within the necessary articulation between supervision and the study of theory? From this central issue, we move on to another question: how do we face the avalanche of treatments that promise immediate results? The first article focuses on reporting my own analysis experience and its crucial moments, namely: the beginning, middle and end of an analysis. The second article prioritizes the training of the analyst in its epistemic aspect, with emphasis on Freud's and Lacan's efforts to preserve the particularities of psychoanalysis as a unique clinic. And the third article addresses the teaching and transmission of psychoanalysis and its challenges, due to the proximity to the limit of words imposed by the Real that is at stake in the epistemic transmission of psychoanalytic theory. The method of this investigation is the construction of first-person testimonies. This is an account of the analytical path for transmission purposes, based on dialogues with the material arising from the formations of the unconscious and reported in analysis sessions, accompanied by interpretations of the analyst who conducted the treatment. Despite approaching the construction of the case in psychoanalysis, it so differs, fundamentally, because the construction of the clinical case is a report on the path of third parties, with testimonies being a first-person report on the effects of an analysis on the body of the individual who offers their testimony.

The literature considers high education as a critical period in developmental transitions. The higher students' perceptions of themselves and the world changed during this period. Considering this question, several studies in many countries found a hugger prevalence of mental disorders in this population. In many cases, the prevalence is higher than the general population. In most cases, these studies work from a quantitative perspective and try to make the correlation between variables of personal life and university life. In addition, these studies utilize a Cartesian, linear, cause-and-effect paradigm to comprehend what is a mental disorder. This perspective explains the cause of mental disorders related to a problem of the individual or social aspects. Tis study adopted the framework of Cultural Semiotic Psychology in dialogue with the concept of semiosis in Biosemiotics, the Field Theory of Kurt Lewin and the Husserl phenomenological perspective of knowledge in the first person to build a model to comprehend psychic suffering. This model utilizes a dynamic and bidirectional conception to understand the relationship between the person and the environment. This model also explains how the affective process participates in the semiotic regulation system to produce meanings. In this perspective, psychic suffering is a mode of semiosis in which superordinate meanings (concept of the Two-stage semiotic model) encourage the emergence of hypergneralized semiotic-affective meaning fields that bring consequences in the relationship between the person and the environment. This question echoes in individuals who have difficulty managing the borders of their life space. In this way, this study's primary objective is to comprehend the semiosis and life space in university students in situations of psychic suffering. Thus, the research design utilized in this study is the idiographic and phenomenological one. A semi-structured interview with three students who attended a psychological support online project were carried on. The main results show that the hipergeneralized semiotic-affective meaning fields is related to the personal identity in psychic suffering of students. This issue was linked to significant aspects of the environment and the personal trajectory catalyzed by the university context. In this way, this study concluded that the adoption of business management by the universities in the last twenty years, the lack of space for human relationships in universities, could participate in the meaning-making process in psychic suffering of university students. Another point that this research discusses is the possibility of a biomedical paradigm popularized in society and the discussion of universities producing mental diseases involved in interpreting a malaise of university students occurring through psychopathological signs and crystalizing particular meanings about the personal aspects and world. Finally, the study concludes with the applications of Semiotic Cultural Psychology through the model proposed in this research in Clinical Psychology and Psychopathology. In addition, the importance of expanding psychological care for university students in Brazil was discussed, especially in public universities, and the need to rethink productivism and management through business models in higher education institutions.

The entrepreneurial process from the effectuation perspective has three basic elements:
assessment of available resources, assessment of possible courses of action and interactions
with other people. In this thesis, these elements were used to analyze how entrepreneurs can
employ causation and effectuation simultaneously in some phases of this process: in
opportunity development, in new venture creation and in entrepreneurial networking behavior.
Thus, the general objective was to analyze how the entrepreneurial process of small business
founders occurs through the lens of causation and effectuation for the opportunity
development, new venture creation and entrepreneurial networking behavior, considering the
antecedents and impacts of the post-pandemic context. A qualitative methodology was
appropriate for this study, whose data collection technique was interviews. In total, 20
entrepreneurs were interviewed in person, and the requirements for participation were: being
the founder/owner and manager of a small business, being the main or one of the main
decision makers of the business, being a resident of the city of Salvador or its metropolitan
region. The data analysis technique was content analysis, which was supported by the Atlas Ti
software to systematize the results. The main result found by this thesis is that entrepreneurs
employ causation and effectuation simultaneously at different moments of the process, with
effectuation being more predominant in the of thought´s logic, opportunity development and
new venture creation, and causation being more predominant in actions to uncertainty in the
future of the enterprise and in the entrepreneurial networking behavior. It was therefore
observed that flexibility and being alert to new opportunities was essential for the survival of
the business or made it possible to start a new career and even a new business. And, at the
same time, it revealed the importance of actions involving planning, diversification and market
analysis as a way of reducing uncertainties related to the future. Therefore, the results found in
this thesis help to understand the complexity of the entrepreneurial process, with the difference
being the association of the main elements in a single explanatory model.

ABSTRACT

This is a study about the humanitarian work of psychologists in disaster contexts. It is common that these professionals face the challenge of experiencing disasters under the social expectation that they must offer care to the affected population and, at the same time, need to deal with changes in their lives inherent to the contact with the cultures and spaces in which their missions take place. According to the perspective of the dialogical self, the self of each subject is made up of several voices or I-positions that dialogue among themselves and coexist, often under tension. In the case of these professionals, it is expected the emergence of positions such as: I-caregiver, I-young, I-recently-employed, I-professional, I-husband/wife, I-father/mother, I-foreigner, among others. This paper has, then, as a general objective, to analyze how psychologists configure their self in the sphere of experience of humanitarian work in disaster contexts. Its specific objectives are: to identify the main I-positions occupied by these professionals; to analyze the dynamics of interaction between these I-positions, considering their boundaries, tensions and mediations; to analyze how transitive and intransitive changes are experienced, emphasizing redefinitions in the self; and to investigate how these professionals make use of resources to promote the continuity of their self. This research of qualitative nature brings, in its design, a study of three individual cases, of systemic and idiographic nature, whose data were analyzed in the light of Cultural Psychology of Semiotic Orientation. Three female psychologists, who work in an international Non-Governmental Organization that provides health care and promotes humanitarian missions in disaster contexts, participated in the study. These participants were selected by convenience and independently, that is, without the co-participation of the institution where they work. The documents used for consultation and analysis were logbooks, mission notes, media interviews, photos, and videos produced by the participants with their consent. The instruments adopted here, in turn, were the Sociodemographic Questionnaire and the Narrative Interview. Initially, the participants had their logbooks, media interviews, and mission notes read, and their videos and photos appreciated, in order to provide data for the elaboration of questions in the question phase of the narrative interview. Finally, they underwent the narrative interview, in which them were asked to narrate their life experiences since they had been admitted to HPM. The interviews lasted 2h5min, 2h6min, and 1h16min, respectively. Once constructed and transcribed, the data were then subjected to a narrative analysis from the perspective of Cultural Psychology and studies on the humanitarian performance of psychologists in disaster contexts. In the cases analyzed, it was possible to observe a centrality of the I-humanitarian, I-psychologist and I-caregiver positions in relation to the others. This centrality, however, was made more flexible by positions related to family and self-care, in a dynamic that allows a continuous flow of tension in the analyzed systems. This flow was accompanied by the use of important resources, such as friendships, interpreters, and institutional norms, which had inestimable relevance in the trajectory of each interviewee. From the discussions here promoted, it is expected to encourage further studies on the theme, especially regarding the understanding of the practices and experiences of each professional, given the plurality with which they present themselves.

This dissertation aimed to understand the effects of discursive practices produced by professionals from a Family Health Unit (Unidade de Saúde da Família - USF) and Support/Extended Family Health Center (Núcleo de Apoio/Ampliado de Saúde da Família - NASF) on health educational practices in the context of coping with the covid-19 pandemic. Guided by contributions from Social Constructionist Psychology, more specifically from Discursive Practices, we read and analyzed documents in the public domain, those being understood as such: ordinances, laws and notebooks of Primary Care (Atenção Básica), scientific articles available in the Scielo database and videos produced by USF professionals in the context of the research. The analysis of documents in the public domain provided a theoretical framework for discussions of the elaborated categories. Six (06) interviews were also carried out with professionals from these teams during the period between July 9, 2021 and September 10, 2021. The interviews included, in addition to the approach to sociodemographic data and personal and professional reports, the exhibition of one of the videos produced by the teams in order to encourage discussion about how these productions were carried out and possible effects. All interviews were audio-recorded, fully transcribed and analyzed through, initially, thematic categorical analysis and, later, through the elaboration of dialogic maps. The participating professionals characterized their experiences at work, emphasizing the symbol of power of the territory and the population for the services offered by the AB (Atenção Básica), as well as the crucial link established through the community health agents, especially during a health crisis, in which the current rule is prevention. The covid-19 pandemic challenges listed by the participants make up a picture of aggravation of the SUS (Sistema Único de Saúde) scrapping and dismantling process, as well as marking the weakening of AB's power instrument: the bond with the territory and population. Based on this, we present a discussion on the expansion of the concept of health education, considering crossings such as the dimension of popular participation and the political-social-professional context in which such practices are put into effect. We conclude that the concept of Health Education touches different spheres of professional activity in AB/ESF and NASF, causing different meanings and effects that are related to the voices that produce them. This happens through experiences that are built on the dynamics of the territory and the demands, as well as familiarization or the lack thereof with health education practices (Práticas de Educação em Saúde - PES) and preconized guidelines for the operation of AB. Therefore, linguistic repertoires rescue meanings of professional practice during emergency and disaster situations, such as: reception and listening. Psychology stands out in the speeches as discourse with the greater approximation to such management, knowing that it helps professional practices and the very realization of PES in the face of the effects produced in situations such as health crises. Thus, the centrality of the organization of lives in a territory not only sets itself as a theoretical symbol to govern health services in AB, but also summons, in the midst of the covid-19 pandemic, the place of power for articulations aimed at promoting health limited to a logic of care that respects people's autonomy in the face of individual and collective health production. 

As social beings, individuals interact seeking to get closer to their interest groups and even without explicit intention, they seek to convey positive aspects about themselves. In an attempt to create advantageous images, comparing oneself to individuals in a better or worse situation about the observed trait can result in important information that will be used for selfassessment, self-improvement, or improvement of self-esteem. Knowing that the internet occupies a significant space of sociability for young people and based on the studies of Léon Festinger on social comparison and Erving Goffman on self-presentation, this research aimed to analyze how the process of social comparison of adolescents affects the construction of your self-presentations on the digital social network Instagram. Qualitative research was carried out, with an exploratory approach, through 8 interviews with adolescents aged 14 to 17 years old. It was concluded that, although it does not always occur intentionally, social comparison influences on the use of strategies to present themselves. The techniques of the online environment offer the use of resources (such as filters) that allow the user to change information about himself through high degrees of selection and editing. It was observed that young people make upward comparisons more often than downward comparisons and use available tools to conform to comparison targets. This process can have positive (inspirational) or negative (low self-esteem) consequences for the self-perception of these young people since often the content on Instagram can project illusory images of individuals.

Characteristics of the work of Municipal Civilian Guards (MCG) may be indicative of mental illness, such as depression, anxiety and stress, constituting psychosocial aspects relevant to the investigation of the health conditions of these professionals. The goal of this study was to elaborate an indicative map of mental illness in the work context of municipal civil guards of a city in the inland of Bahia. This is a correlational, descriptive, quantitative and transversal study. 95 Municipal Civilian Guards were part of this research, and they answered in person a survey containing sociodemographic questions, life habits, depression, anxiety and stress symptoms assessment scale (DASS-21) and the assessment scale of work characteristics (control over work, physical and psychological demands, job insecurity and social support) - JCQ (Karasek, 1993; Araújo e Karasek, 2008). The analysis was descriptive and inferential, by means of frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation. Correlational analysis was performed using Spearman's non-parametric ρ test and comparative analyses using the chisquare ( 2 ) test for independence (2x4 and 2x5). Effect size was calculated using Cramer's V (a measure of association between two variables measured on a categorical scale). The results indicated low prevalence rates of symptoms of depression (20%), anxiety (19%), and stress (19%) among the participants, and no statistical significance in comparisons involving the symptomatology of depression, anxiety, and stress with the psychological and physical demands groups, as well as those concerning job insecurity and social support. The effect size of these comparisons (Cramer's V values) ranged from V2= 0.04 (job insecurity and stress) and V2=0.28 (job insecurity and anxiety). We conclude that the results found point to important issues allusive to the work context and the health of these professionals and stimulate new investigations for a better understanding of this professional category. Although, the levels of illness among the civil guards are low when compared to the rates indicated in the scientific literature on this topic. This result can be justified due to the nature of the task they develop; in this study, specifically, the great majority of the participants have administrative functions (coordination, radio central, and asset management). Another factor to be considered is the prejudice and the stigmatized view related to mental illness and the agents' resistance to assume their illness (masculinity). As well as, the "imaginary construction of superpowered figures" that these professionals have in relation to their profession, since, among public security agents, there is a prevalence of the virility discourse that disregards emotional illness. Thus, it is necessary to think about the health problems (physical and mental) that affect this group of workers and offer subsidies to the Public Security institutions for the creation of action plans that contemplate health promotion programs for this professional category, in order to minimize and/or prevent this illness from increasing.

Most societies have built fixed views about concepts that are naturalized in everyday life, among them, the gender concept. Transgender people, who do not identify with the gender assigned at birth, subvert this binary logic, being the target of marginalization and violence in different contexts, including the educational context. Based on theoretical dialogues between Symbolic Interactionism, Southern Epistemologies, and Queer Theories, this thesis analyzes the presence of trans people in two universities in Bahia regarding the cisnormativity that affects them. Cisnormativity is an imposition of cisgeneracy as the "natural" and "adequate" gender expression in society, violating other forms of gender identity expression. Considering the lack of studies, in Brazil, about the presence of transgender people in the educational environment, with emphasis on higher education, this research wanted to collaborate to the understanding of the academic trajectories of transgender people as well as the impacts of these themes and people in the university context. Therefore, based on the qualitative approach, data were produced by comprehensive interviews with trans people and also using notes from the research field diary. The results were built on my trajectory as a cisgender researcher who deconstructed herself throughout the research, recognizing mistakes and exotifications towards trans people, as a result of this cisgeneracy. The data from the interviews allowed us to see that the university is a reproducer of silencing and violence against trans people, not promoting quick answers for bureaucratic changes to respect the social name or the difficulties in using the bathrooms and other spaces. At the same time, it is a contradictory and potential ground for the deconstruction of this entrenched cis norm by fostering meetings between trans people who help each other to remain while inviting cis people to review their ideas and attitudes, even with resistance. In this way, I consider that the greatest impact of the research was on my academic and life trajectory, recognizing the limitations of my work and possibilities for future studies, highlighting cisnormativity as the oppression that walks with other oppressions towards a standardized world, a world that is affected in the encounter with other forms of existence and, therefore, can reconstruct itself.  

Digital media have been considered as promoters of news properties and dynamics of social belonging. Considering their characteristics of ubiquity, speed of connection, interactivity and participatory culture, they print behavioral values, thus constituting an important influence on child development in contemporary society. In the context of digital social networks, with the dynamics of virtual spaces, webcelebrities appear, ordinary people who become known from the Internet and who become targets of interest and appreciation by countless followers, whose narratives are inserted in a context cultural and socioeconomic background. In the analysis of webcelebrities, their power of “affectation” should not be understood as one singular gift, but as traits and values built in line with what a given society, at a given moment, values. The research consists in a qualitative study of multiple cases, assuming a developmental perspective, with four children between the ages of 9 and 12, who have access to the content of digital media, interact with webcelebrities and were available to participate voluntarily in there search. It is based on some theoretical-conceptual assumptions of Semiotic Cultural Psychology. For the understanding of the specificity of children's culture, the studies of the Sociology of Childhood were the basis. Its general objective is to describe and analyze the meanings productions of themselves and the world from the interaction of children with webcelebrities in virtual diaries. As aninvestigation strategy, we opted for participant observation and semi-structured dialogued interviews to clarify aspects that did not emerge or were not understood in the observation. The data produced were transcribed in full, and were organized and analyzed in the light of theoretical assumptions of semiotic cultural psychology. From an academic point of view, this research is justified in so far as it has the potential to contribute to filling some gaps found in the literature in Psychology about the relationship of children with digital media and, in particular, with 11 webcelebrities. As for its social character, this research intends to analyze the processes involved in the construction of subjectivity during a child developmental period, which may provide subsidies for the understanding of regulators that promote human development in situations of digital social interaction.

The present study aimed to evaluate and discuss the neuropsychological characteristics of
individuals with chronic viral hepatitis C, considering cognitive functioning per se and during
treatment with direct-acting antivirals (DAAs). This manuscript presents two articles, the first
being a systematic literature review, which describe the main neuropsychological outcomes of
individuals treated with DAAs, based on articles published in journals indexed in the main
databases, according to the adopted inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results indicate
methodological heterogeneity regarding the neuropsychological tests used, cognitive domains
evaluated and sample characteristics. Most studies indicate cognitive improvement after
treatment with DAAs. In general, HCV mono- and co-infected individuals improved processing
speed, verbal fluency, and verbal/visual episodic memory. The second article presents
comparative results of patients who were evaluated before and after treatment with DAAs for
neuropsychological functions, quality of life and depressed mood. The results indicate
improvement in visual attention scores, based on reaction time and quality of life measures.
Regarding mood, although the patients did not show changes at baseline, there was an
improvement in the total score. Patients with HCV have a diverse neuropsychological profile
and chronic infection can cause cognitive impairment, even in asymptomatic individuals. It is
necessary to investigate in depth the cognitive mechanisms associated with the infection and
the new treatment with DAAs, to understand the extent of the damage and provide more specific
and clear interventions in the course of the disease.

Education in Mozambique in structured in learning cycles, education in the form of a spiral. During the years as a civil servant in the Ministry of Education and Human Development (MINEDH), I have worked in all the education subsystems, having verified at some point that secondary school pupils lack information about the functioning of higher education, which gave rise to the theme in allusion, with the aim of understanding the process of transition of young people from secondary education to public higher education. This made it possible to identify and describe the experiences of a transition of groups belonging to different learning environments, although with similar goals, some who were inspiring to enter education and others already entered and faced challenges to integrate into the context of university life. Overall, the empirical data highlighted the lack of dialogue between the two education subsystems. This case study, exploratory in nature, adopted the qualitative method, with an interpretative paradigm grounded in symbolic interactionism and affiliation theory (Coulon, 2008). Data were produced through comprehensive interviews with 15 participants, seven public secondary school students (grade 12) and eight first-year public higher education students. From the discourse analysis (Bakthin, 2007) and content analysis (Bardin, 2011), the results allowed us to identify convergent points between the participants of the two levels of education and other divergent points regarding this transition process related to the expectations and factors that secondary school students experience and expectations of first year students, factors that favor or not the academic and institutional integration. This doctoral thesis is linked to the research group Observatory of Student Life (OVE) and its field is Developmental Psychology and studies on youth of colonized countries. The results of the research point to the need to create a bridge between the two levels of education in order to facilitate the transition and to establish communication between public secondary and higher education institutions; to create welcoming policies for students recently enrolled in higher education; to reverse the scenario of inefficient state policies in providing quality education for all and; to influence and implement effective practices that involve all the actors that act in this context in Mozambique.

This thesis analyzes discursive practices focusing on racial markers present in counseling during HIV testing at Carnival in Salvador-Bahia. Using the perspective of Social Psychology, with a constructionist basis, the aim was to reflect on the counseling included in the Rapid Testing for HIV (TR-HIV), emphasizing the racial dimension of the population that sought this service. The thesis is organized in an article format and to compose the whole of the thesis, I discuss theoretically and politically the notion of counseling as a first topic to contextualize the object of study, in addition to the contributions of constructionist studies to think about the object of study. In the first article, I carried out a documentary analysis of the counseling manuals made available to professionals during the time when the practice of counseling in HIV testing was introduced. In the second article, there is the analysis of the recordings of counseling and the field diary carried out during the 2019 carnival, emphasizing the racial dimension. The third article deals with proposals for the construction of racially oriented counseling. The results of the analysis, in the first article, demonstrate a significant change over time and from each manual, moving from a more individualistic prevention orientation, expanding to prevention based on individual and social vulnerability and, currently, being oriented, adapted to the experience of key populations to carry out counseling. Only in the third manual, the black population appears as a segment of attention in counseling - twenty-one years after the first publication on the subject. In the second article, we can highlight that self-declared black men in situations of vulnerability report the sexual offer and the obligation to respond to this offer. Paradoxically, when they have few partners in life, they also justify this situation, with an embarrassed tone, for not living up to the expectation of having many sexual partners. In turn, black women present these two forms of social vulnerability, which increase exposure to HIV, when they explain, during counseling, the experience of violent relationships, without the possibility of negotiating the use of means of prevention and the difficulty of accessing health services. testing and counseling in your daily life. In the third article, a counseling proposal for RT-HIV was built with emphasis on racial aspects. Two public domain documents were used as guidelines. More than a closed proposal on the format of training (which may include matrix support, workshops, clinical meetings, among other means) in continuing health education, the training of health professionals should directly focus on racial relations and the public health care and that problematizes the use of institutionalized discourses on the sexuality of the black population (whether men or women). I emphasize that the way in which the research practice of this project took place, despite not being new, was innovative. We have few studies that record, spontaneously and without the presence of the researcher, the exact moment in which the subject of study of this project takes place - counseling. In this way, I understand that counseling is a powerful technology of care. I argue that this space should be reconfigured to take place without previous scripts (but with racial literacy and intersectional with other social markers) and with the professional equipped with an opening to follow and be attentive to the linguistic repertoires of the users' racial markers. , can be effective. Have a more significant effect on people who carry out testing, inside or outside the walls of the Health Units, which includes in events, such as Carnival.

This thesis analyzes the meanings constructed by health workers of the Brazilian National Health System about female mental illness and the care directed to such women in an intersection between race, social class, and gender. It adopts as a theoretical reference the constructionist social psychology, intersectional feminism, and the historical narratives about the female self, both from a patriarchal perspective and from a perspective of resistance to patriarchal power. In terms of methodology, it discusses the steps taken to construct the research information. The spaces chosen for data production were services of the Unified Health System in two Health Districts of Salvador (identified as Health District 1 and Health District 2). Five health workers were interviewed: one psychologist and one occupational therapist who make up the team of the Expanded Center for Family Health of Health District 1; one psychologist from a Psychosocial Care Center II of Health District 2; one psychologist and one psychology intern from another Expanded Center for Family Health of Health District 1. The analysis of the information occurred from a composition between the association maps of ideas and the thematic content analysis. Thus, the results were divided into three thematic categories/chapters entitled: "Consorting: on women's groups"; "Other care spaces and their relation with public policies and public domain documents"; and "'These women have no problem giving birth': on the various acts of violence in health services". The first category, "Consorting: about women's groups", refers to the groups developed by the professionals participating in the research aimed at women with psychological illness, an activity common to all the participants. Such sufferings were recognized as having the same root: the power relations that are configured in the intersection between race, class, and gender. As a result of the thesis, the essentialization of being a woman around maternity stands out, which can be perceived both by the interpretative repertoires of the professionals interviewed and the activities available in the service. Such essentialization occurs under the public policies that construct and are constructed based on social discourses that associate being a woman with maternity and care. Public policies have been organized based on maternalism and familism, and both currents feedback the process of female mental illness, as well as invisibilize the specific demands of race and social class. While an effort by the participating workers to account for female mental illness through both women's groups and other care spaces is acknowledged, users have suffered institutional violence that expresses itself in both institutional gender violence and institutional racism. In the intersection between race, class, and gender, black and/or poor women are the main victims

In this doctoral thesis we set out to understand the discursive practices on mental health of psychology professors from two universities in Medellín, Colombia, with a view to defending that mental health is a transversal axis to all psychology and not exclusive to one specialty. For example, from clinical psychology. This does not mean that mental health is specific to psychology, it is a broad phenomenon, to which much knowledge has already contributed, but which discursively in psychology requires some clarification.

We question the association that reduces mental health to psychopathology, and we describe some of the effects that the use of this discourse provokes in concrete life, among them, the one that is exemplified by the decision of the Colombian Ministry of Education that requires undergraduate psychology a level of compulsory clinical practices under the supervision model of medicine, that is, of an individual practice in an office and focused on the disease. We see a problem here, because the status quo of the discourse of illness and the individualist is being reinforced in psychology training, thus confusing clinic with psychotherapy.

We understand that clinical, in its meaning of method according to Lightner Witmer, has to do with the general understanding of the human being, not necessarily from a pathological perspective; and we conceive psychotherapy as a specialized treatment that would require a postgraduate level or continuous and supervised training. However, we recognize that psychotherapeutic practice, as it has been interpreted in its mainly intrapsychological nuance, leads to social exclusion, since we know that not everyone can access it, without this implying that it should disappear. Therefore, these "clinical" practices oriented exclusively under the supervision model, which by protocol is the same as that applied to medical practice and its various specialties, would be promoting the consolidation of a hegemony that had been minimized thanks to other conceptualizations of health, including collective mental health. On the other hand, that clinical obligation in its medical supervision format is ignoring the precarious conditions that these professionals face in the Colombian labor market, characterized by a greater offer in organizational and work psychology or that forces them to constant changes of employment and, therefore, of applied field.

Based on social constructionism and the Discursive Practices and Meaning Production perspective proposed by Mary Jane Spink, we conducted a remote workshop with 12 teachers who advise practices at a public and a private university in Medellín. They were divided into four groups of three people each. We use narrative lines, trees, dialogic maps, and word association analysis as analytical strategies. The use of these strategies allowed us to delve into the discursive nuances, their dynamics, content, and form, especially reiterating two meanings built on mental health from discursive practices. The first refers to the positive and negative definitions of mental health; the positive meaning was based on repertoires such as well-being, spirituality, tranquility, harmony, and the negative on symptoms, disorders, crises, anguish. The second meaning gave prominence to the discourses of the individual and the social, which is exemplified with a discursive genre or typical statement among teachers. This statement appeared in the form of a question or recommendation that some supervisors ask their student interns to go to therapy to solve their difficulties, understanding it as an individual responsibility. We discuss these two issues from an approach that we call pragmatic/constructionist, defined by Kenneth Gergen as the clarification of the social function of the constructed meanings, that is, that the use of discursive practices has consequences in cultural life. To advance the reflection, we focus on the dialogue proposed by the Circle of Bakhtin, on which Gergen also based himself to affirm that it is necessary to broaden the dialogical spectrum of discourses, that is, to recognize that in the face of the hegemony or primacy of a definition -which in the case of our participants is the negative definition of mental health- it is important to maintain a diversity of voices, and therefore they would not be only those of clinical psychology, which has traditionally been associated as the only person in charge of mental health. The Bakhtinian dialogue in turn proposes an ethic that consists of respect for difference and a responsive attitude, read responsible, in the face of our statements in the interaction with people.

We conclude that 1) some uses of our discursive practices of mental health justify excluding practices such as psychotherapy to which people with higher incomes have ready access, therefore the need for an expansion and diversification of the concept of mental health to promote other practices that facilitate the access of other social groups to psychological support; 2) this extension could be included in the model of supervision of clinical practices that is being demanded for universities in Colombia and that would avoid returning to a hegemony of the discourse of the disease that reiterates in a conception of the individual in whom all responsibility for what falls What happens. 3) With the Bakhtinian dialogue we rescue not only the importance of the multiplicity of voices on mental health or on any other topic, but also philosophically bases the rupture between disciplinary and discursive borders with a view to a more dialogical and less dichotomous communication that would have an impact in university education and in general in everyday social life. 4) If dialogic principles were to go through training in psychology, that is, less governed by hyperspecialization and more focused on common phenomena such as mental health in its various meanings, we would be training for a world of work that goes beyond the type of institution or place where they work and that has been described as an "applied field", relativizing the idea that clinical practice is located exclusively in the "office" or in the health system where mental health is only addressed there. 5) Finally, we clarify that mental health should not be the only phenomenon common to psychology, because it can also be that of democracy or that of struggles against all kinds of social exclusion; The fundamental thing, in dialogical terms, is to share common purposes accepting discursive diversity and professional practice, this being our main contribution to the debate, and which we know is not where it ends.

This thesis forms part of Organizational and Work Psychology (OWP) in the context of Higher Education (HE), due to the complexity of the specific activities performed by lecturers: teaching, research, extension and management of the university itself in different levels, placing demands on dedication. Therefore, the relevance of studying the different forms of teacher attachment, having as a starting point the assumption that behavior should not be explained exclusively on the basis of personal and occupational variables (Bastos, 1993). To this end, the Positive Psychological Capital (PsyCap) variable was introduced as a novelty. A second-order personal variable, involving other constructs: hope, self-efficacy, optimism and resilience (Luthans, 2004), apparently little studied in its relationship with the multiple commitments to teaching actions, and this may expand its understanding on how this set of personal characteristics impact on the way lectures articulate their commitments, contributing to the advancement of the study initially carried out by (Pereira, 2019). Therefore, this thesis aimed to develop and test a model of relationships between PsyCap and Commitment to Teaching Actions (CTA), and with its employing organization. This is a cross-sectional, correlational and quantitative study, in which 252 lecturers from Mozambican Higher Education Institutions (MHEI) participated, who voluntarily agreed, through acceptance of the Informed Consent Term (ICT), respecting their interest and availability in accessing the Survey Monkey and answering the questionnaire online, between January and December 2021. The sample was 57% men and 43 % women, with an average age situated at 40 (SD=8.3), ranging between 26-70 years. The following were used: (1) Positive Psychological Capital Questionnaire, in reduced form (PCQ-12) constructed and validated by Luthans, Youssef-Morgan & Avolio (2007) and validated by Viseu et. al. (2012) for Portugal; (2) Organizational Commitment Measure (OCM–7), validated by Bastos & Aguiar (2015), in the short version, for the Brazilian context; and (3) Scale of Commitment to Teaching Actions (CTAE–7), built and validated by Pereira (2019) also for the Brazilian context. Data were processed using the JASP 0.16.3.0 software, through various analyses: descriptive, to find the mean scores of the constructs; Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) to assess the plausibility of the factor structure of the instruments; correlation calculations, to assess associations between measurement factors; Cluster Analysis, to group participants according to their profiles; one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA-One-way to evaluating differences in the levels of the study constructs. Simple and moderate linear regression analyzes were used to test the theorical model proposed for the thesis. The findings showed that PsyCap proved to be a significant predictor of CTA, explaining 24,7%; survey 21.2%; extension 17.1%; and small-scale management 9.4%, suggesting that PsyCap levels moderately predict CTA. They also explain that the CO exercises a moderating power in the relationship of PsyCap over CAD. It is important that future studies insert other constructs of the COP field as predictor variables of CAD e.g., subjective well-being that have been one of the concepts related to PsyCap and influenced by CO in research on the teaching profession.

New images or actions are created by the individual through the reworking and combination of elements of previous experience through imaginary processes (Vigotski, 1930/2009). This process was called by Vigotski a creative activity, being narrative one of the possible ways to observe it during childhood. Thus, the aim of this research was to describe and analyze the creative activity of children in the construction of a playful story based on the appropriation and use of material and symbolic instruments. The theoretical framework adopted was based on the assumptions of historical-cultural psychology, with Vigotski as its main exponent, and also on the understanding of Sociology of Childhood about the child's participation in scientific research. This research had a qualitative and descriptive approach, and adopted the method of multiple case study. The construction of the data was carried out with four children between five and seven years old, two boys and two girls. The procedures and instruments adopted in the construction of the data were video interviews shaped as informal conversations and also workshops on short stories, retelling creation of new stories through three individual virtual meetings on Zoom Platform. The meetings were recorded, stored, transcribed and submitted to microgenetic analysis. The legal guardians of the participating children answered a questionnaire providing contextual information. The results showed that the children used strategies in the oral story retelling such as the maintenance of the story structure and plot close to the original, as well as used strategies that helped in the recreation of the story, modifying and incorporating aspects that made it closer to their wishes. In the construction of author stories, children accessed personal and relational resources, as from the immediate, broad and fantastic contexts which, recombined, allowed them to carry out a creative activity. We emphasize that in the retelling of the story with objects, children used their own bodies as a resource, but we observed the predominance of toys. With the insertion of the toy, the child's narrative was modified according to the characteristics of the object and the action performed with it, which enriched the children's stories. We also observed the submission of verbal creation to imaginative rules in the playful transformation of the characters. The findings also demonstrated the importance of illustrations to the child's verbal creation, as new meanings were attributed to the events represented in the images, building new plots. Through the method of workshops, we consider that the stages developed with the children intentionally generated a rupture in their flow of thought, triggering the need for creation. Children's understandings about verbal creation and imagination gained resonance within the theoretical basis used in this work, reinforcing the need for greater participation of children in scientific research. Finally, we describe verbal creation as a complex activity that requires the child to mobilize plural strategies and resources in its realization, through a process of constant articulation with memory, thought and language. That process maintains theoretical similarities with play, which should be studied by further investigations. We conclude by highlighting the importance of adult mediation in the development of the child's creative activity.

The processes of exclusion of certain social groups in Brazil, comprise a network of intricate aspects, which together build what is understood and accepted as social reality. The characteristics associated with members of groups and the situation of poverty, configured by normative, pathological and alienating elements, act as justifiers for the maintenance of social structures that classify behaviors and delimit social spaces. The criminalization of poverty is part of this logic, having in the punitivist paradigm the representation of a social order that acts selectively. With the purpose of discussing the aforementioned issues, this dissertation has the general objective to understand the social representations that jurists who work or have worked in the criminal procedural area of Justice of the city of Salvador build regarding individuals in situations of poverty, from the analysis of their speeches, and the establishment of relationships between such representations with the phenomena of attitudes towards poverty and belief in the just world. To this end, this dissertation was divided into two studies. The first seeks to understand social representations from the analysis of interviews and a questionnaire containing scales of belief in the just world (BJW) and attitudes towards poverty (ATP), carried out with jurists who work in Special Criminal Courts in the city of Salvador. In this first study, ATP was used in a personal and substitution context, in which participants imagined how other jurists would think. The second study, on the other hand, investigated the relationship between social representations of people in poverty built by jurists from the criminal area of Salvador, and the phenomena of attitudes towards poverty and belief in the just world, using a questionnaire composed of scales of CMJ and ATP, and technique of free association of words in personal and substitution context. In both studies, participants tended to have greater agreement with the structural factor of ATP, and greater disagreement with factors related to personal disability and stigma, as well as with itens of CMJ. The substitution contexts of the two studies pointed to a tendency towards individualistic and stigmatizing representations. The perception of institutional discrimination in the legal sphere was also indicated as reproducing the structural prejudice of society, in relation to black and poor individuals. Understanding the structural causes of poverty is considered important in raising awareness of its historical and political origins, but care must be taken that individuals in positions of power do not see themselves as alien to this system, naturalizing and maintaining the current status quo.

Evidence confirms that teachers' emotional socialization practices impact children's emotional development. The current study adapted an intervention program originally aimed at parents to be carried out in early childhood classrooms to promote teachers' emotional socialization practices. The original program, Living Emotions, is an eight-session intervention carried out in groups of parents that promotes practices that support children's emotional expression. The adaptation of the intervention was carried out in three phases. In the first phase, the objective was to characterize contexts of teacher-student interaction in early childhood classrooms relevant to the intervention's adaptation. Four teachers participated in the study, who worked in groups 4 and 5 of early childhood education, in two municipal schools in Feira de Santana, Brazil, and in a municipal school in Salvador, Brazil. The teachers answered the Interview about Emotions at School. Data were examined following the six phases of Thematic Analysis, which generated a thematic map composed of three themes and seven subthemes. Theme 1 revealed that the participants perceived children's negative emotions only in challenging, new, or unknown situations and had difficulty labeling emotions. Theme 2 showed that the participants recognized the importance of addressing students' emotional development but had doubts about their role in this process. Theme 3 indicated the participants' lack of knowledge about using discussions about emotions in their school routine and non-supportive reactions of children's emotional expression, which caused them to feel insecure and disappointed. The second phase corresponded to the adaptation of the program's objectives carried out based on the needs listed in the previous phase. Only the objectives of the third and eighth sessions were changed to suit the identified needs. Finally, in the third phase, for the sessions' adaptation, changes were made in the original program manual to suit the school context, based on the two previous steps. The intervention manual's main change was the addition of activities and materials for teachers to start conversations with students about emotions. The Living Emotions at School program maintains the original program's fundamental characteristics, such as the group modality, the number of sessions, and the topics covered in each session. The manual offers researchers and psychology professionals a detailed description of materials and activities that stimulate the discussion of emotions in the classroom and the adoption of supportive emotion socialization practices by teachers.

This paper arose from clinical issues in psychoanalytic treatment with adolescents struggling with embarrassments from the meeting between love and sex. Impasses around the task of detachment from parental authority, which summon them, above all, to the position of interpreter, given that speaking in their own name is conditioned to question their place in the Other's desire. For this purpose, the present paper had as its general goal: to investigate the treatment given by psychoanalysis to the identifiable shocks of the adolescent subject from the construction of a clinical case. As its specific goals, the work sought to: analyze the historicization of family romance through the use of the internet at the clinic with adolescents, nowadays; examine the phenomena of identification and identity in adolescence; interrogating the detachment from parental authority in adolescence by examining the operations of alienation and separation; examine what was left of the analysis route, in terms of a singular invention around its embarrassments and convocations. Finally, it was emphasized that the construction method of the clinical case can contribute to the debate around adolescence, considering that, in addition to collaborating with other fields that also deal with adolescence, it contributes fundamentally to psychoanalysis itself, as the clinical practice based on case by case provides subsidies for updating the theory and the psychoanalytic clinic. 

The object of this research is PSIU-UFBA's approach to the operationalization of the notion of subjective urgency. PSIU is a community service program of the Federal University of Bahia (UFBA). The service offers psychoanalytic listening/care at the exact moment of need, without bureaucratic obstacles – akin to a psychological emergency service. Anyone in the UFBA community can access the service: students, teachers, and administrative technicians. The guiding question of this investigation is as follows: based on appointments conducted by PSIU staff in the program's first year of operation, how can the service be characterized with regard to the idea of subjective urgency? The objective is to present PSIU-UFBA in its first year of implementation (2017-2018), focusing on the notion of subjective urgency. For this purpose, we assess the clinical records, i.e. brief spreadsheet reports written by the attending professionals at the end of each consultation. Methodologically, this is a single case-study – that of PSIU-UFBA. Upon examination of the empirical material, certain findings stand out. The vast majority of attendees are undergraduate students. More than half are very young adults who have recently enrolled in the university. Also, more than half are assisted in some way by UFBA's Office of Affirmative Actions and Student Assistance. In their reports, the professionals use words and expressions such as ‘discouragement’, ‘weeping’, ‘despair’, ‘conflicts’, ‘difficulties’, ‘anxiety attack’, ‘confusion’, ‘suffering’. Most reports do not feature the word ‘anguish’. Those that do, refer to purely subjective complaints, often pertaining to the subject's family relationships, or – in the case of those who have relocated – to uneasiness toward the new city, as well as toward the institution itself. When the word ‘anguish’ appears, it is circumscribed to singular issues that are unrelated to a medical emergency. Finally, it is worth noting that the clinical device under study, being ethically guided by psychoanalysis, does not aim to pathologize singular situations or relations. Rather, it seeks to welcome, recognize, and turn psychic helplessness into a wager in the direction of life.

Startup entrepreneurs are cross-functional individuals with subjective characteristics capable of directly impacting business performance. As they are key players in these organizations, the way entrepreneurs make decisions throughout the development of companies and their perception of success based on the logic adopted in certain situations can lead to business success or failure. From this perspective, researchers have demonstrated the growth in the adoption of two entrepreneurial logics by business entrepreneurs under extreme uncertainty, such as startups, which are formulation and realization, as Sarasvathy (2001) brings with the Theory of Effectuation. Characterized as alternative logics, the formulation tends to be adopted in conditions of high risk, business stability in the market, in which it is possible to predict the future based on planning and rigorous analysis. Realization, in turn, is a contingent logic, adopted in unexpected situations, market instability and in which it is almost impossible to predict the future, requiring the entrepreneur to use available resources and commitments. Therefore, this dissertation had as general objective to test the direct effect of the logics of decision-making, formulation and realization on the perception of entrepreneurial success of startups, also evaluating whether the difficulty in the face of uncertainty and also the perception of stability of the environment act as moderating variables in the relationship between decision-making logic and perception of success. In view of the difficulty in finding formulation and performance measures in Brazil with good psychometric properties, two studies were carried out. Study 1 sought to adapt and validate the decision-making measure in the formulation and realization logic of Alsos et al. (2014). The second study sought to test the theoretical model of this dissertation, aiming to test whether the logics of decision-making, formulation and realization impact on the perception of entrepreneurial success by startup entrepreneurs, being moderated by the perception of stability of the environment and also by the difficulty facing the uncertainty. 315 Brazilian startups entrepreneurs participated in both studies. For study 1, the Measure of Causation and Effectuation by Alsos et al. (2014) to adapt to the Brazilian entrepreneurial context. Validity analyzes were performed based on semantic evaluation, analyzes using the Classical Test Theory (AFEs, correlations and convergent validity by external measures) and the Item Response Theory. The results showed that the factor solution that best fit the data was the one that presented the formulation and achievement scales as unifactorial and independent measures. It was concluded that the entrepreneurial decision-making process is complex for empirical testing purposes and the formulation and realization logics do not seem to be part of the same construct. To test the theoretical model of study 2, the analysis methods adopted were Quantile Regression and Structural Equation Modeling with Partial Least Squares estimation (PLS-SEM). The results showed that the formulation is a predictor of the perception of entrepreneurial success. The difficulty facing uncertainty and perception of stability in the environment did not show moderating effects on the relationship between logics and PSE. It was concluded that the belief in the effectiveness of planning and predictive analytics to achieve business success and the fact that most startups in the research are in more advanced stages of development, contribute to entrepreneurs considering the causation logic as a predictor of success in this study.

Matrix Support is a model for the reorganization of management and care in the field of Health, based on the democratic and humanized articulation between multidisciplinary teams, which work by providing care and pedagogical support to reference teams. Its objective is to produce care based on the principle of comprehensiveness by involving health professionals, the community, the family and people in the planning of health promotion, prevention and recovery actions, overcoming structural barriers of the Unified Health System. Matrix Support was incorporated into the Brazilian public health policies of national reach through the creation of the Family Health Support Centers (NASF), instituted with the objective of strengthening Primary Care by offering specialized support to the Family Health teams. Adopting the perspective of discursive practices and production of meanings in the field of social psychology inspired by the constructionist movement, this research aimed to understand the meanings produced by psychologists working in the context of a multidisciplinary team of Primary Care, in the interior of Bahia , on Matrix Support in light of the official technical guidance documents that guide its practice. Initially, discursive practices present in booklets of the Ministry of Health and the Federal Council of Psychology were analyzed, documents in the public domain that served to disseminate technical guidelines on Matrix Support to psychologists throughout the country. The discussion about documents in the public domain evidenced the relationship between certain political agendas and the greater or lesser investment in democratic and humanized care for the qualification of Primary Care. Interviews were also carried out with two psychologists from a NASF team from a small town in the state of Bahia, highlighting their professional trajectories, and the challenges and potential inherent in teamwork, intersectoral practices, working in territories crossed by vulnerabilities and the context of dismantling the SUS, especially in Primary Care. Thus, the analysis of public domain documents and interviews allowed us to understand that the political investment reflected in the structural changes that occurred in the organization of teams with the institution of the NASF, added to the concern to reorient their practices based on the circulation of booklets with technical content /scientific, were important factors for the design of professional trajectories that were fruitful to the NASF proposals. However, the current political moment is producing significant discontinuities with initiatives that discourage assistance according to the rationale of Matrix Support. In addition, we emphasize that one of the unique contributions in this study was the finding that the existence of a fertile soil structured to operate according to the principles of the SUS, contributed to psychologists offering practices that were closer to the demands of the population and the guidelines relevant to this assignment.

The present study evaluated the association between different types of social connections (college, family and community), positive mental health, stressful events and the five Cs of Positive Youth Development (PYD) in Brazilians college students. Chapter 1 presents the PYD theory and describes the 5 Cs model within the Brazilian context. Chapter 2 examines the relationship between different social connections, positive mental health, and stressful events and the 5 C’s. Pearson’s correlations and Structural equation modeling were conducted. The results showed that social connections and positive mental health are DJP predictors, since their presence was related to the increase of the five C’s. These results may assist in the formation of protective strategies, health promotion and well-being for the Brazilian college students.

This present work has as its theme, the affiliation of black girl student from Medicine course who are assisted by the Management Centre of the Dean of Affirmative Policies and Student Affairs, at the UFRB Health Sciences Centre. It is guided by the question: “what is the path of the black girl student in medicine course who is assisted by the NGP/CCS at UFRB like?” The general aim is to understand the affiliation process of the black girl student assisted by the NGP/CCS to the UFRB Medicine course. In addition, the specific goals are: a) to describe the students' life stories based on their own accounts, b) to describe their university trajectories and c) to identify the strategies developed by them in their adaptation to the chosen course. Coulon's affiliation theory and Nery's contributions have been used. The Chicago School tradition goes on. It considers the point of view of social actors for the production of useful knowledge. As a theoretical framework of methodological support, this work is anchored by symbolic interactionism and it makes use of the comprehensive interview by Kaufmann as a technique. The field is the Management Nucleus of the Dean of Affirmative Policies and Student Affairs, at the Health Sciences Centre. Four students who met the research inclusion criteria were interviewed, being the criteria as follows: a) to be a university girl student from the Medicine course, b) to be self-declared as black or mixed raced and c) to be guided by the NGP/CCS of UFRB. Results: the students are the first from their families to enter the Medicine course and their families support the continuity of their studies. In their affiliation processes, the girl students suffer socioaffective and pedagogical ruptures during the period of estrangement, however, an anticipation of ambiguity has been perceived. Although there is high competition in the Medicine course, the students managed to create a new social-affective support network and develop adaptive skills and strategies. There is an extension of time for affiliation, which is completed in the third year of the course, when they enter the second cycle. A demand for guidance regarding study methods in higher education has been identified. At some point in their university trajectories, the students showed concern for their health, which strengthens the importance of psychological support and the need for the university to invest in the Psychology Service. There is recognition of the importance of the affirmative action policy for the university trajectories of the participants; however, it is not possible to frame UFRB as an illustrative case of an anti-racist university. Reports on situations of moral and sexual harassment and gender discrimination have also emerged from the field. This study, which is exploratory in nature with a qualitative focus, has an interdisciplinary character and moves between the areas of Psychology, Education and Social Sciences. Due to its results, this research can contribute to improving the implementation of the affirmative action policy, especially for the expansion of health services and the strengthening of the Psychology Service. This study still finds limits in issues regarding race, gender and inclusion of people with disabilities, as it did not include black boy students, nonblack male nor female students, neither male cis students nor transgender students or students with disabilities.

Transition to motherhood is an important moment in the life of a woman who becomes a mother. It is a moment, which significantly marks her trajectory. It involves the assumption of new roles in the family and society, and it demands this woman to face new responsibilities. Thus these, include changes in the meaning of the self and in her perception of herself. However, this experience occurs in an idiosyncratic and non-linear way, and it can be strongly influenced by how the world presents itself to her at that moment. In this sense, this research aimed on analysing the affective-semiotic dynamics of women who experience the transition to motherhood in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic, using the Cultural Psychology of Semiotic Dynamics as a theoretical framework. A qualitative study of multiple cases has been carried out, using narrative interview and photovoice as data collection techniques. Eight women who experienced the transition to motherhood in the context of the Brazilian scenario for Covid-19 pandemic, and, who were puerperal or who were pregnant, took part in the research. Three interviews were carried out, with each participant, within a gap of approximately two months between them, in order to gain greater depth in their narratives. Their experiences were monitored, as the possible changes in the world scenario in the face of the pandemic happened along time. The interviews were conducted remotely, using online videoconference tools. Data were evaluated using the consensual qualitative research method of analysis (CQR), which studies, in depth, the unique experiences of the subjects, and seeks to minimize some type of bias on the behalf of the researcher. The analysis was divided into 5 chapters: 3 general data analysis chapters and 2 Case Studies chapters. The narratives of the study participants show that the developmental challenges of the transition to motherhood abruptly intensified with the unexpected advent of the Covid-19 pandemic. Thus, it radically interrupted the study participants’ daily routine, creating a scenario of uncertainty, illness, loss, grief and death, in addition to a perception of unpredictability regarding the future. An aspect that deserves to be highlighted concerns the transformations in the I-Other relationships, since the pandemic scenario made it difficult to share the experience of motherhood and the possibility of effective action by a social support network in the midst of a critical period of developmental transition.

The assessment of childhood emotion regulation in infancy contributes to a better
understanding of healthy emotional development and risks associated with
psychopathological conditions. This study aimed to construct and validate the Emotional
Regulation Test for Children - TREC. Therefore, 4 empirical studies were carried out.
Empirical study I sought to identify self-report instruments as well as their psychometric
properties for children aged 7 to 12 years who assess emotional regulation, through a
systematic review. The PRISMA, Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and
Meta-Analyses (Moher et al., 2015) and the checklist proposed by COSMIN, Consensusbased
Standards for the Selection of Health Measurement Instruments (Prinsen, et. al., 2018)
were used for classification and analysis of studies. A total of 141 articles were found, of
which 9 met the inclusion criteria. Regarding the methodological quality of the studies, most
were classified as reasonable. In general, it was observed that there are few self-report
instruments available in the literature for measuring emotion regulation and many of these
have not been adequately validated. These arguments point to perspectives that instruments
in childhood should include specific interaction resources and methods involving more
playful and explicit resources and the need to comply with the steps of the validation
procedures. The empirical study II had as objective the construction of the items of the Test
of Emotional Regulation for Children - TREC, in the Brazilian context. Based on the
procedural model (Gross, 1998; Gross & Thompson, 2007), TREC is a computerized test,
available on a digital platform. The test uses problem situations to assess emotional
regulation strategies (cognitive reappraisal and suppression) of children in different contexts.
The test consists of 90 closed and 30 open items. With the mediation of an applicator, the
children will answer according to a Likert scale, how much they agree with a certain strategy
to regulate that emotion and what they would do differently in each context in 30 open items.
The development of the items in this instrument followed the recommendations in the
literature regarding the proposed theoretical model and the psychometric guidelines for the
construction of psychological assessment instruments. The development of TREC and its
future validation makes it possible to reduce the existing gap, not only in Brazil but
internationally, regarding appropriate instruments to assess emotional regulation strategies
in children, in a playful and satisfying way to meet the demands of the target audience. Thus,
the empirical study III sought to verify the validity evidence based on the content of the
Emotional Regulation Test for Children - TREC. Analysis by judges and semantic analysis
were performed. 06 experts in the field of instrument construction and child development
and 37 children aged between 6 and 12, residing in the city of Salvador, participated. The
TREC was considered an appropriate instrument for children aged 6 to 12 years, in terms of
clarity of language and relevance to the construct (IVC=0.98; k=0.73). Both the youngest
children (6 to 9 years old) and the oldest 10 to 12 years old) demonstrated that they

understood the TREC items in general. Correlation studies showed that there is no
relationship between cognitive reassessment and suppression strategies, but it is related to
emotion regulation and also showed a positive association between contexts. The variation
in the intensity of the relationship between the contexts found in this study may be a direction
for possible future investigations on the sensitivity of TREC to contextual differences and
emotional regulation strategies. Therefore, the impact of the recent pandemic established by
the Covid-19 epidemic on mental health also generates the emergence of investigations of
these possible repercussions on child emotional regulation. Finally, the empirical study IV
aimed to compare the perception of parents about their children's emotional regulation before
and during quarantine. 95 parents of children aged 6 to 12 years participated in the study.
The results showed positive correlations between cognitive and behavioral variables about
Covid-19, such as risk perception, exposure to the virus, preventive care, social distance and
knowledge about Covid-19 with emotion regulation. Unexpectedly, in the parents'
perception, an increase in children's emotional regulation was identified during the
quarantine period. These data can provide information on child emotional development,
directing mental health prevention measures to the context of parental support and
psychoeducation. Studies that address other stages of the validity evidence procedures
(internal structure and relationship with external variables, reliability) should be conducted,
in order to obtain more information, improve the instrument, to consolidate the TREC, as a
test for emotional regulation assessment in children.

The increase in cases diagnosed as panic disorder has driven many people to emergency services. The disorder is considered to be one of the most prevalent causes of absence from work in today's Brazil. After excluding the possibility of a heart attack, medical practitioners usually declare that the patient has no issues, then prescribe anxiolytics and / or antidepressants, and attribute the cause to neurochemical changes. Unlike medicine, psychoanalysis does not take this manifestation of anguish as unfounded, but as an indication that there is something to be heard. Another difference concerns the concept of healing. In medicine, diagnosis depends on the idea of disease or otherwise on the evidence of the existence of disease, which must be indexed at the time of diagnosis and eliminated in the healing process for sake of the individual's well-being – without necessarily relating the diagnosis to its history or its insertion within culture. For psychoanalysis, the subject's discontent is always related to culture and historical time. Healing is additive and implies a transformation in the subject's position in relation to their history, and it is represented by speaking-well about what causes suffering. The purpose of this dissertation is to examine the presence of anguish in the so-called panic disorder. The question that guides the investigation is: what would be the relationship between that anguish and the capitalist discourse in contemporary times? The hypothesis can be formulated as follows: the manifestation of anguish that presents itself in the so-called panic disorder can be considered an effort to call a halt, cutting the excess produced by capitalist discourse. In general, patients who come to psychoanalysis after having been diagnosed with panic disorder are aware of the presence of something excessive in their lives and seek to build limits to this excess. Considering that the capitalist discourse, as presented by Lacan, convokes the subject to an uninterrupted metonymic sliding, the manifestation of anguish as presented in the diagnosis of panic disorder, more than being a pathology (as medicine insists), can be understood as a provisional exit out, a refusal to be engulfed by contemporary acceleration, in which he/she find him/herself entangled.

According to the regulatory frameworks, socio-education must add accountability for the infraction and the promotion of comprehensive protection, with a view to reinserting the adolescent in compliance with a socio-educational internment measure. Although the regulatory frameworks present a set of principles, rules and criteria with a view to guiding the execution of the hospitalization measure, the knowledge about how this is expressed in the professional practices carried out in the socio-educational units is still incipient. Thus, the present study had the general objective of understanding the meanings constructed by adolescents deprived of their liberty and by professionals who work in a socio-educational measurement unit on socioeducation in the female context of hospitalization. For this, we consider as specific objectives to analyze the meanings constructed by adolescents and professionals, on socio-educational measures, in order to involve: a) Hospitalization, full protection and accountability; b) The reasons for the practice of infractions and for recidivism; c) The institutional trajectory of adolescents; d) Professional practices aimed at comprehensive protection, accountability and social reintegration. This study was based on Vygotsky's Historical-Cultural Psychology, considering that this perspective aggregates the individual and the social in a dialectical way. The methodological approach adopted was qualitative and the study consisted of two stages: the first of participant observation, in which professionals who perform the measure of detention and adolescents who were deprived of liberty participated; and the second, semistructured interview, carried out with three adolescents and six professionals who monitor the girls. The data were triangulated and analyzed based on the construction of categories, guided by the objectives of this study. We found that the measure of hospitalization was meant by the girls and the professionals as an “opportunity” for the teenager to break the infraction trajectory, through reflection on the infraction act, as well as re-signifying the life project. Comprehensive protection, therefore, emerged associated with the guarantee of rights, which is promoted in the inpatient unit, through the provision of a set of pedagogical actions, differently from the outside world, marked by the violation of rights; however, we were struck by the fact that comprehensive protection also emerged in institutional practices, for adolescents, related to punitive accountability. As for the meaning of accountability, it appeared reduced to individual accountability, focused on cognitive aspects, which was expressed in accountability practices, centered, above all, in punitive accountability. With regard to the reasons for committing the offense, we observed, among the adolescents, that they moved from individual to social aspects, however, when addressing recidivism, the social context is disregarded, given the focus on “change” individual; in relation to the professionals, we verified the predominance over the social context, both in terms of the reasons for the infraction and the recurrence; however, the institutional assessment of the adolescent is centered on behavior, especially in relation to the adolescent's adaptation to institutional norms. As for the infraction, it was noteworthy that the meanings did not include the damage caused to the other, but rather associated with the punitive consequences of the transgression, which indicates the predominance of punitive accountability practices, which involve the fear of punishment. Regarding social reintegration, we found, among institutional practices, few strategies that involve the family, as well as the low participation of society in the implementation of the measure, in addition to the weakening of the graduates' policy. Thus, although adolescents plan to “change” their life trajectory, the absence of full protection, in the outside world, can direct them to informal, subordinate and disqualified jobs, or even to remain on the offending trajectory. 

A woman from the workforce becoming a mother for the first-time lives in a relationship between motherhood and job since pregnancy. To delve into the comprehension of this relationship is of fundamental importance, bringing to light the fact that maternity and work are central spheres in most women’s life, especially when it is considered her joining in the job market. The goal of this thesis was to analyze the relationship between motherhood and job of a worker who becomes a mother for the first time, in three distinct moments: pregnancy, maternity-leave and her return to her job. To reach the general proposed objective, two studies were conducted. The first, the systematic literature review, presented in study 1 of the thesis, analyzed the effects of maternity on the worker. The PRISMA recommendations were adopted and registered in Prospero under the number CRD42021215191. The data bases consulted were Scopus, Web of Science, SciELO, Lilacs e PsycInfo. Available empirical articles were sought between 2011 and 2020 with a descriptive of mothers, maternity, and work, in Portuguese and in English. The data analysis was conducted with the tool Start, adopting the categorical thematic content analysis. The 14 articles analyzed addressed the effects of maternity: i) in the professional expectative, ii) in the work and family demands, iii) in the feeling felt at work. The second study, empirical (longitudinal and qualitative), was subdivided to contemplate two distinct focuses using the same empirical data. The study 2a had, as its goal, analyzing the possible relation changes between maternity and work, considering the professional expectations, the feelings lived at work, the work-family conflicts, and the work-family positive interfaces of primiparous women in three distinct moments: pregnancy, maternity leave and the return to work.  Twelve workers were recruited from courses directed to prenatal were interviewed. The data was analyzed with the aid of Iramuteq, a free lexical analysis software. Some of the conclusions were that the discourse on profession expectations and the feeling lived through, at work change according to time, showing to be more prevailing through pregnancy periods, and the work-family conflicts showed to be more prevailing in the women’s speech now of returning to work. The positive work-family interfaces suggest doesn’t change during pregnancy, maternity-leave and when return to work.The study 2b had, as its objective, to analyze the possible changes in the emotional experiences involved in the maternity and work relationships of primiparous women throughout the three mentioned moments. Eleven women were individually interviewed. The data was treated by means of the previous categorical content analysis. The results show that the negative emotional experiences are heavily present in the relationship between maternity and work of primiparous women. During pregnancy and maternity-leave, there is a prevalence of negative emotional experiences. Returning to work is a moment in which the working mother has a greater balance between positive and negative emotional experiences. This thesis contributes to the Work and Organizational Psychology field, in methodological terms included, by having proposed systematic review studies, and the longitudinal and qualitative outline on the maternity phenomena and work, trying, thusly, to find an integration which would enable a more profound understanding of the investigated phenomenon. This thesis also contributed to the critical continence broadening in working mothers, those who elaborate support policies of workers and mothers, and to the researchers interested in this thematic. 

Statements used by adults regarding the use of digital technologies for children focus on their latent threats, without a deeper understanding of the phenomenon and leaving aside the knowledge of the subjects themselves. Children’s interaction with both information and communication technologies is still a poorly studied regarding how children come to master these tools. Given YouTube throbbing presence in children’s daily lives, this becomes an important field to explore in order to fully understand current childhoods and contemporary developmental contexts. This research aimed to know the practices of both content production and consumption by children from seven to twelve years old, through children's perspective, understanding their perceptions of these practices and the particular appropriations of the use of this platform by children's cultures. It was a participatory research, which corroborates the defense of knowledge production about children, based on partnership with children themselves. Data collection was performed in two integrated phases and with a transversal collaboration of a child researcher, who participated in the research construction, from planning and collection to data analysis. In the first stage, 65 children from a private and a public school, both in the city of Salvador, individually answered a questionnaire applied by tablet. In the second stage, eight children from the previous group were selected, and participated, individually or in pairs, in conversational interviews and participatory observations of YouTube-related activity. Data analysis adopted a qualitative perspective and counted with the help of the child-researcher, ensuring the presence of the child´s perspective look on the phenomenon. The findings point to the importance of YouTube in children’s daily lives, appropriated by them as a playful, educational and interactive tool. Children make a diverse use of this platform – they access heterogeneous content and engage in various ways in the possibilities of participation and interaction available. Differences were found between schools, especially regarding frequency of use, risk recognition and interactivity. Analysis of children’s preferences showed gender differences in relation to content accessed on the platform. Interaction with peers on and off the net has been found to be a central factor in children’s YouTube practices. The production and posting of videos was presented as an important contemporary playful practice. This research highlights the practices of children on YouTube as an important field of study for understanding current childhood, indicating ways for future investigation on the topic. The need to conduct research on the use of information and communication technologies that include children in socioeconomic disadvantage is also highlighted. This study aimed to contribute to a less dichotomous understanding of the uses of technologies by children as reflective and competent social actors, which should be included in the production of knowledge.

This study’s intention is to analyze the development – from the psychoanalytic clinic perspective – of the unconscious processes that characterize the complexity of grief work on subjects whom face themselves with the death of a hospitalized being in ICU, considering death’s hospitalization and giref’s psychiatrization. On this work, grief was conceived, from the Freudian and Lacanian psychoanalysis’ theoretical reference, as a psychic work performed before a loss that can be understood as the encounter with the real. The methodological tool used was the Construction of Clinical Case on psychoanalysis. As from the completed theoretical investigation and the subjective elaborations and clinical buildings of the treatments given to two mourning subjects, it was possible to say that not any kind of loss summons the subject to grief, only that from something/someone essential to the person. Grief consists of an unconscious work and its complexity is connected to the established relation with the missing object and the libidinal relocation required by the loss. The death of the loved one can be seen as a rupture and requires a different psychic temporality from the grieving subject. Therefore, the return of libido for the ego and the lack of interest for the outside world, characterizing some depressivity on grief, are hoped to occur. When considering the psychodynamics imbricated on grief work, the present dissertation questions the tendency of categorizing human suffering into pathologies, and suggests reflecting on other treatment modalities in contrast to the drug therapy primacy. Thus, the ambulatories on the Mental Health field as therapeutic resources are defended here, and it is believed that this study may contribute to expand debates around the theme, problematize pathologization of grief; subsidize orientation from professionals who deal with subjects whom face their loved one’s death, and even promote the construction of psychological assistance spaces to the grieving ones. 

This research is situated on the contemporary context of transformations that inaugurate new familiar settings, new subjectivation ways, suffering expression and its treatment, in which to the experimented discomfort and discontent are offered medical and judicial palliatives. From this scenery, the intersubjective impasses experimented in judicialized family relationships under the mark of the phenomenon designated as parental alienation (PA), treated by the Laws no. 13.431/2017 and no. 12.318/2010, and recently included on the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11), stand out as the study object. It’s a documentary research developed by the study of judicialized cases, and which has as data processing method the discourse analysis supported by Freudian, Lacanian and Foucauldian perspectives. From the notions of discourse, Foucault and Lacan provided resources that allow you to think about the judicialization of conflicts that cram courts. From this perspective, the discourse is not limited to the text; it is an action, it involves the practices, the rituals and the agents that move them. Through a partnership of supply and demand between the State and society, the intervention of law is triggered, in order to regulate the social through private relationships and remedy/mediate the discontent of the subject on the family field. This act, which involves a link between law operators, experts and families, makes practices and words circulate on the judicial institution, producing effects both on the social and on the subjective field. The study had as its general objective analyze the discourses about the phenomenon designated as PA, from the impasses emerging from the exercise of parental functions over the trajectory of subjects that judicialize family reorganization. The analysis contained in the texts of case-files demonstrate that the processes of medicalization and judicialization of parenting tend to be marked by pathologizing, naturalizing, criminalizing and victimizing speeches, which articulate themselves as normalization vectors. The case studies, on the other hand, show the hues of experienced intersubjective conflicts, allowing to situate that what is discursively approached as PA condense the scene effects which superimposes the embarrassments of conjugality and parentality. From the singular thread of desire of each subject that embroiders the family weave, it is possible to observe that the other with whom one litigates with on a judicial scene reflects the encounters/mismatches of language, the Real that crosses conjugal and parental ties. Litigation experienced by children, on the other hand, demonstrates that conflicts experienced by them reflect their embarrassments with the Other, incarnated in their family, in the search for answers to their own riddles and affections, amid a guerrilla of the ones who occupy themselves with parental functions. Lastly, the re-reading proposal of the judicialized family conflict, from the psychoanalytical and Foucauldian references, locates the dimension of “necessary crossings” that resize comprehension of the PA: from a sociohistorical traverse of ways of conceiving and recreating conjugal and parental ties; from passing through grieves which subjects accomplish during a family recomposition process; from the universality of the phenomenon to the singularity of each subject’s symptom; from the reinvention of acting practices of psychosocial teams from Family Court, which psychologists are a part of. It is hoped from this study’s development to be able to rethink the available devices to the conflict’s treatment, contributing for the production of a more critical and qualified praxis of psychologists that act in the judiciary system, transforming crystalized looks over the parental alienation theme and enriching the interlocution between psychoanalysis and law. 

Emotional self-regulation refers to the voluntary control of the behavioral tendency related to emotions, used to achieve personal and contextual goals. This process reverberates on different aspects of socioemotional and cognitive domains and It influences individual psychosocial adjustment. Diverse variables are related to emotional self-regulation. Among these variables, practices used by parents to teach children how to understand and manage negative emotions seem to play an important role on child emotional self-regulation development. The goal of this study was to investigate relations between maternal emotion socialization practices and child emotional self-regulation. To achieve this goal, a correlational design was utilized. Thirty three mothers of children from both sexes and thirty children from these mothers participated in the study. The mothers answered a sociodemographic data sheet, the Coping with Children’s Negative Emotions Scale (CCNES) and the Emotion Regulation Checklist (ERC). Children answered the Interview for Assessment of Emotional Self-regulation Strategies. The results revealed the predictive power of nonsupportive reactions to children’s emotional expression, which results in lower child emotional self-regulation, according to the mothers’ report. Concerning self-regulation reported by children, the results did not confirm the predictive power of maternal emotion socialization practices. By any means, the preliminary analysis indicated positive correlations between some supportive emotion socialization practices and certain subcategories of confrontation strategies reported by children and negative correlations between this type of practice and some subcategories of scape strategies mentioned by the children. Some categories of the maternal nonsupportive practices also correlated positively to the some subcategories of scape strategies reported by children, and negatively to certain subcategories of confrontation strategies described by them. The results indicate the relevance of interventions that promote supportive emotion socialization practices in order to favour the child emotional development. In regards to child report of self-regulation strategies, it is pivotal that new longitudinal and experimental researches including larger samples continue to investigate these relations.

The main objective of dissertation was to analyze the relationships between socio-emotional competences (SECs) and contextual performance of elementary school teachers. The SECs are results of the articulation between knowledge, abilities and motivations to deal with socioaffective demands. The contextual performance corresponds to actions not formally expected in a job description, but which contribute to professional and organizational effectiveness. In the work of elementary school educators, this performance can include daily classroom behaviors that also favor the student’s integral formation. This is the case of teachers practices that promote a classroom climate for creativity and a functional teacher-student relationship. To accomplish the main objetive, two studies were developed. The Study 1, of methodological character, aimed to develop and test the psychometrics properties of a socio-emotional competences measure of elementary school teachers (EMODOC). The Study 1 was carried out in two stages. In the first stage, focus groups and interviews with elementary school teachers were carried out to assist in the instrument development and in the refinement of SECs theoretical model. In the second stage, the EMODOC psychometrics qualities were evaluated in a sample composed of 188 public school teachers from a capital city in the northeast of Brazil. The Study 1 results indicated the unidimensionality of measure. The Study 2 aimed to test the SECs predictive power on teacher contextual performance, assessed by their facets of classroom climate for creativity and a functional teacher-student relationship. 90 teachers from the previous sample participated in this study, who taught from the 4th to the 9th grade of elementary school. Three students from each teacher also participated in Study 2 to generate the facets indicators of teachers contextual performance. Besides EMODOC, teachers answered to the Teacher-Student Relationship Scale. The students answered to the Classroom Climate for Creativity Scale. The results of Study 2 indicated that SECs are only predictors of the functional teacher-student relationship (high affinity and low conflict). The main contributions of this dissertation are: (i) to offer a theoretical model of teachers SECs contextualized to elementary education; (ii) to offer a unidimensional measure of teachers SECs; and (3) to bring evidence of relationships, even if partial, between SECs and contextual teacher performance.

Old age is a heterogeneous and complex experience and the context of person's development and social opportunities are indispensable elements for reflection of the way stress presents itself in daily life, including as a structuring element of personal and collective experience. Social and racial inequalities influence greater exposure to stressful events, especially in the black and old population, whose life trajectory is marked by discriminatory situations originating in structural racism. The present study aimed to analyze the events considered stress producers by black elderly women. The participants were 11 self-declared elderly women, chosen by means of a non-probabilistic sample for accessibility, of which 9 were women and 2 men; ages ranged from 60 to 83 years. The narrative interview was used as a data collection method, and the analysis of the interviews was performed using the method proposed by Schutze, in order to capture the singular and collective trajectories. The results showed that the events experienced throughout their lives (before old age), involved the marital relationship especially of women, illness, work, death and mourning, material restrictions, family, change of home and racial discrimination. In old age, they permeated the themes of health and autonomy, descent, affectivity and social support, discrimination and racism and material conditions. It was observed that the experiences that occurred throughout life presented unexpected events, marked by the social context of development of the black and female population. The events of old age covered situations found in other studies with the elderly population in general and events that have continued in force since youth, such as illness, conflicting marital relationship, financial needs and situations of Discrimination. The results show the interrelationship of these events with racism. Black and old women, above all, experienced the performance of racism interspersed with patriarchal logic since the beginning of their lives.

Suicide is a multidetermined phenomenon present in all age groups, cultural and social, and it is configured in a highly complex theme, thus that requires increased attention in view of the range of variables involved in the process. The suicide in adolescence has an epidemiological  relevance of deaths in this population, highlighting the importance of thinking about specificities of that moment, stressed by several events in the social and subjective sphere and its expression in the psyche. The aim of this study is to analyze the dimension of suicide among adolescents under psychoanalytical care in the hospital setting, and specifically to analyze (1) the process of signification face the suicide attempt in a context of hospitalization in an Intensive Care Unit; (2) the psychic mechanism of the subject towards the other against the suicidal context, limiting the range of the act and the dimension of the bond; (3) the institution's discursive logic in the face of the adolescent suicidal attempt and the different demands addressed to the psychoanalyst and (4) to reflect the intervention strategies based on the psychoanalytic clinic in the work with adolescents before the context of suicide. The act and its consequences in the psychoanalytic clinic are prioritized, from the perspective of the subject's relationship with the other, outlined by the action to the word, by the act to the signifier. There is an almost direct relationship, in the psychiatric discourse, between the presence of a disorder and the suicide attempts, with no discussion between other elements in a multifactorial field. This is a study of a clinical case construction, according to the psychoanalytic perspective on the adolescent suicide attempt admitted in the context of ICU hospitalization. Data analysis was supported by Freudo-Lacanian psychoanalysis. From the theoretical investigation of the construction of two clinical cases, it was possible to state that the suicide attempt can be defined as a modality of the subject's response to something unbearable to exist. The cases under discussion point to a singular plot that highlights the suicide attempt and its significance a posteriori, based on its own form of inscription in the field of the Other. A practice in psychoanalysis inserted in an institution works from a clinical-institutional device that bets on the word as a promoter of the subject's emergence. Therefore, conducting an investigation in a context of adolescence suicide clinic can favor the construction of interventions aimed to the promotion and care of these subjects.

The present study aims to investigate the depressive states in adolescents, from the construction of clinical case in psychoanalysis. This is inserted in a context of problematization of the increase in the diagnostic logic, associated with a contemporary way of functioning, driven by the capitalist's discourse, which resonates in the modes of subjectivation and in the presentation of malaise, read as pathological. This work objective is to analyze, through the discursive productions of adolescents in the psychoanalytic clinic, the relationship between the depressive states and the adolescent's subjectivation process, considering the specificities of the social bond in contemporary times. The methodological strategy for the elaboration of a clinical case is anchored under a Freud-Lacanian psychoanalytic perspective, which weaves the case in its transferential dimension, privileging the subject's production with its impasses in face of the unconscious determinations. The study was approved by the ethics committee of the institution where the consultations were carried out, under the opinion number 3,528,988. Adolescence in psychoanalysis is approached as a response of the subject, in logical time, in face of the summons of the Real of puberty and the impasses in its relationship with the Other. One of these embarrassments before the Other is consistent in the depressive states, understood as a position that articulates in Freud with the concept of mourning and the affection of sadness in Lacan. The clinical cases corroborated with the psychoanalytic productions that name depression in adolescence as a mourning related to the process, with affections and symptomatic presentations associated with the unique way each responds to the updating of the subjective constitution. The diversity present in the phenomenon indicates the need for integrated health care that includes other types of treatments in addition to biomedical care.

Young people from the periphery are considered as a homogeneous group, which does not think about the future and is predestined to fulfil a prediction, which involves criminality or subordination. This work questions this premise, starting from a view of youth as a heterogeneous category and from a perspective that considers human experience following the logic of the irreversibility of time and, therefore, as oriented towards the future. Based on this premisis, this research aimed at understanding the experiences of time and space of young people from the periphery and their construction of life projects. The analysis focused on the making-meaning process by young people and the mechanisms of borders creation and borders crossing  (social, geographical, symbolic). The research was developed with young people participating in a social education project, who were part of a non-governmental organization active in a peripheral neighborhood in the city of Salvador-Bahia. For its realization, we opted for a methodology that allow the emergence of meanings in a contextualized way considering the time and space of the participants. Thus, an ethnographic orientation work was developed, which used as methodological tools: interviews, photovoice and field diary. Six young people took parrt in the study. They were between 14 and 16 years old and were part of the above mentioned education project. The interviews were conducted by referring to the go-along format, which consisted of interviewing the participant walking with him / her through the neighborhood, following a route chosen by him / her that represented the places he used to walk. After this stage, the photovoice method was used, asking the participants to take pictures of anything that made them think about the future. Then, the researcher met with each one to discuss the most representative images choosed. During the entire field work, observations and impressions were recorded in a field diary. The data were analyzed from the perspective of Cultural Psychology, paying attention to the levels of experience related to microgenesis, mesogenesis and ontogenesis, involved in the partipants trajectories. In this sense, the study discusses the different ways of experiencing temporality and relations with the territory established by young people and how this encourage them in the construction of life projects.

This work is divided into two parts. The first one is a software implementation of
a weapon identification in virtual reality, which is divided in two studies. In the first
study, with 20 trials - appearances of avatars carrying guns or cell phones - aimed
to verify whether racism could influence the response pattern of Brazilian and
Mozambican participants to white and black avatars carrying guns or cell phones.
In the second study, the number of trials was tripled(60) in order to verify whether
a greater appearance of black and white avatars carrying guns or cell phones
would reduce or exacerbate the racism effect on the task. The results showed
each participant made a higher number of correct answers for an unarmed black
avatar (study 1). The measures of sensitivity and criterion did not depend on the
avatar race and that 60 trials are not enough to produce conclusive response
patterns (study 2). The second part of this research aimed to verify if the type of
framing could impact on the degree of accountability to an adolescent who
attacks other people's lives and if this situation would have any relationship with
moral outrage, threat and emotions (study 1) and how much this decision making
could be impacted from prejudice when dealing with a black teenager, in a
Brazilian sample (study 2), or when dealing with an Arab teenager, in a Spanish
sample (study3). The results showed that anger had more impact than fear on
the responsibility of an adolescent (study 1), and that participants who underwent
individualized framing had higher scores of moral outrage and accountability for
the white teenager (studies 2 and 3). Questions about dual processes,
automation and control, framing, racism and public security were presented and
discussed.

The vast majority of studies on organizational citizenship behaviors has considered it as an outcome of organizational commitment, with very few studies within the behavioral perspective aimed to investigate whether they conceptually overlap. This study seeks to establish conceptual boundaries between these constructs and test whether the definition of organizational commitment as the worker’s proactive behaviors towards their organization is equivalent to the long-standing notion of organizational citizenship behaviors. Therefore, data were collected from 768 workers, who responded to a self-administered questionnaire in both paper-and-pencil and electronic formats, comprised of seven scales: Behavioral Intentions of Organizational Commitment Scale (EICCO), Behavioral Intentions of Organizational Citizenship Behaviors Scale (EICCOrg), Behavioral Scale of Organizational Citizenship (ECCO), a set of attitudinal scales measuring affective commitment, team commitment scale, work commitment scale and turnover intentions scale. The data analysis procedures were divided into four stages. At first, the construct validity of EICCOrg was tested and then its convergent validity with ECCO. Secondly, several structural equation models were fitted in order to test the main hypothesis concerning the conceptual overlap between organizational commitment behaviors and of organizational citizenship behaviors. Finally, a new psychometric technique called psychological networks was used to visualize the spatial distribution of the items measuring both organizational commitment and organizational citizenship. The findings provide evidence for the construct validity of EICCOrg and for its convergent validity with ECCO, showing consistent results with previous studies that attested its unidimensional factor structure. After that, various secondorder and bifactor models were fitted including the dimensions of both EICCO and EICCOrg. All items of both measures grouped around a general second-order factor, as well as they presented higher lambda values in the general factor compared to their specific factors, emphasizing therefore the strong association between organizational citizenship behaviors and organizational commitment behaviors. Further tests using affective commitment as an antecedent of both commitment and citizenship suggest similar patterns for model predictions, as happened for the variables work commitment and team commitment, whose models performed alike regarding their relations with citizenship and commitment for both covariance models and moderation models. Finally, the psychological network analysis showed that the EICCOrg and EICCO items are clustered together and spatially nearer to one another in comparison with the ECCO and affective commitment items. The topology of this network was confirmed by a community detection algorithm, which automatically identified three communities, with all items from EICCO and EICCOrg grouped into a single community, and the remaining items from ECCO and affective commitment forming two separate communities. The multitude of analyzes and relationships established between organizational citizenship behaviors and organizational commitment evinced strong empirical evidence of a conceptual overlap between the constructs, with all hypotheses being confirmed. Despite these results, this research suggests that future studies be conducted to test new relationships involving commitment and citizenship with other moderating variables and in different scenarios. This could help to verify whether they relate in the same way when other psychological constructs are taken into account, as well as whether the results derived from this study can be generalized to other cultural and organizational contexts.

The general objective of the thesis was to analyze the effects of the practice of mindfulness on emotional reactivity, emotional regulation, and also on the perception of psychological well-being and stress of postgraduate students. The choice of this population results from the increase in the psychological distress of students in facing emotional demands of academic training. It was expected that the mindfulness-based intervention would reduce emotional reactivity and the perception of stress, in addition to increasing the perception of psychological well-being and mindfulness, with improvements in the regulatory process of emotions experienced in the context of postgraduate studies. In the literature review on mindfulness relationships and the process of emotional regulation, the need for further studies that considered the procedural aspect of mindfulness and made it possible to capture the subjective experience of mindfulness practice was indicated. Two empirical studies were then proposed to explore different effects of mindfulness practice. The first study aimed to explore the effects of this practice on emotional reactivity, measured from a) self-perception of valence and arousal in the assessment of affective images; and b) postural oscillation when viewing these images. In the second study, the effects of mindfulness practice on emotional regulation were investigated, measured by scales of stress perception and psychological well-being and pre- and post-intervention interviews. 45 graduate students participated in the study, randomly allocated to intervention and control groups. Pre- and post-intervention measures were applied. Tests of variance analysis of repeated measures were carried out and, in the case of the interviews, the thematic content analysis technique was used. The results of the first empirical study showed a change in the baseline postural pattern of the intervention group, only in neutral images, with increased postural sway, suggesting greater exploration of personal space, as well as a reduction in the perception of arousal in unpleasant images among students who went through the intervention. The results of the second empirical study showed an increase in levels of mindfulness and psychological well-being, with a reduction in perceived stress and the use of strategies to cope with stress in the intervention groups. Despite some limitations, the thesis provides empirical evidence of positive effects of mindfulness. It is expected that the results will be incorporated into the training processes of new researchers, making them more capable of dealing with the challenges of a career with increasing demands that require greater emotional management.

The proposed thesis comprises the play group (GB) as a place of support and, simultaneously, as a promoter of the development process. It conceives GB as a matrix for forming bonds, therefore a privileged locus of interactions and social relationships vital to development, since physical survival and cultural transmission / recreation depend on intersubjective exchanges. The thesis is oriented to contribute to the theoretical foundation of the GB, anchoring it on assumptions of Evolutionary Development Psychology (PDE) articulated with assumptions of historical-cultural theory, cultural learning theory, childhood sociology and human relations science. Based on these references, the thesis innovates by proposing the construct GB-P (play group as a political place), which explains the reciprocity between two concepts that emerge from / in children's games and interactions in the school context: child's place and resignified territory. The play group assumes the status GB-P when it exhibits interactive, collective ways of acting, which demonstrate skill, inventiveness and diplomacy in the construction and experience of action plans that result in creative strategies, enabling the GB to be a place of defense, resistance and expression of peer culture. The GB-P consists of two complementary dimensions: (1) the topical dimension, which makes it possible to think of the GB as a place/pillar built on the interactional dynamics - GB as a child's place and GB as a territory/microsociety; (2) the functional dimension, which attributes to each of these places/pillars certain functions: - strategic/instrumental function; communicative and interpersonal relationship management function. In order to illustrate the proposed thesis with empirical data, a qualitative research was developed with children aged 5 to 7 years, in a public school in the municipality of Feira de Santana/BA, using a method that combined direct observations of spontaneous play in the schoolyard with conversation circles mediated by thematic design and informal conversations with children, individually or in small groups. In addition to illustrating the dimensions of the GB-P construct, the data pointed to the creation of two new strategies for resisting and confronting school culture

This is a thesis whose objective is to analyze the trajectories of effeminate gays who act as drag-queens in the city of Salvador (Bahia), in order to problematize the relationship between performance (acting as drags) and performativity (related to the experience of the genre), the latter understood in Judith Butler's theory as the repetition and stylization of reified acts, which would not pass through the dimension of the subject's agency, as in the case of drag performances. From this, it is discussed about performativity and performance as inseparable constructs and as strategies of coexistence and social confrontation of effeminate gays; evidencing through the analysis of the trajectories narrated by the participants that both can be exercised from the agency of the subject, while they can also function through the repetition and reification of acts stylized by gender identification. With that, it is analyzed which strategies of social practices, customarily, used by these subjects in face of the tension produced due to their performances and their gender performance. This is a qualitative research, in which semi-structured interviews were carried out with three gay men who recognize themselves as effeminate, who are socially recognized as such in the context in which they live and who work as dragons in the city of Salvador (Bahia); the latter condition was listed because it is a job in which, at least initially, the agency of the subject is demanded for the construction and assembly of the character, which in relation to the condition of effeminate gay, one can assume repetition and the reification of acts as the main characteristic of this condition. This research takes Judith Butler's theory of gender performativity as central to her analyzes, articulating with queer studies and Michel Foucault's theoretical perspectives on power. The research discussions point to the understanding that: first, the interviewees make use of the rotation between performance and gender performativity both when they are mounted on drags and when they are out of character, as effeminate gays; and second, that by performing the drag character they end up exercising gender performativity, whereas in the condition of effeminate gays, because they are confronting the norm, they can perform the genre to appear as if they are performing it. Thus, it is proposed that, even considering the possibility of sharing similar characteristics, performance and performativity remain as different descriptive categories and, with that, adopt the analytical perspective to perceive in the subjects' trajectories how both are accessed in order to to seem like one or the other because of gender norms, and how this affects the perception of themselves of these subjects, the possibility of moving in places and the way their affects will be experienced. Finally, it is understood that in the case of bodies dissenting from sexual and gender norms, such as effeminate gays, the development of a reflexive conscience due to the resistance to these norms, and consequently, the subject's agency, will be fundamental for the experience of gender performativity.

The institutional sheltering settles, nowadays, as a way of protection to the children and adolescents experiencing risks by violation of rights. In Brazil, it is based on the Child and Adolescent Regulation (ECA), a legal document promulgated in 1990 that guides the policies aimed at this part of the population. However, the institutionalization of children and adolescents is not recent in this country, and has varied its arrangement from the colonial period until the present time. Under ECA rules, institutional sheltering is a protective measure that seeks to identify individuals at risk and re-establish their rights which were violated. In general, the shelters gather children and adolescents that lived actions of abandonment, violence, neglect and, more rarely, orphans. After institutionalization, the multiprofessional teams seek to make viable the reintegration of the individual to the original family. If it’s not possible, the justice system to remove the family authority, and turn the child or adolescent available for adoption. However, adoption is a complex issue that involves bonding and expectations built by the children and the new family. For instance, many children grow old and become adolescents in the institutions, since they could not be adopted along their lives. Official data show that in 2018, 36,1% of the sheltered people in Brazil stand between 12 and 17 years old. The deinstitutionalization of adolescents in a sheltered situation deserves attention, since there are not effective political policies to help young people who leave the shelters after reaching 18 years old in the institutions. The existence of negative stereotypes, fragile interpersonal and institutional relationships, and other aspects may contribute to the formation of adolescents without the possibility of a good post-shelter perspective. Therefore, it is important to understand the process of identity constructing in adolescents that experiences an institutionalization, since this experience may impact in their live trajectory. In this sense, this research sought to describe and analyze the process of narrative construction of the identities of adolescents in institutional sheltering and their projects before to the possibility of compulsory deinstitutionalization by reaching the full-age. Finally, this study intended to identify the relations between the process of identity construction in adolescents and their expectations regarding the possibility of compulsory deinstitutionalization by majority. This research constitutes a qualitative empirical study with an idiographic character, which the strategy adopted is the narrative research. The theoretical-methodological foundation that supported this study is the narrative perspective of psychology. this approach refers to the historical character of the self, through which the elaboration of narratives plays a role that goes beyond socialization, also operating as a cognitive process. Through the narrative, the subjects construct truths about themselves, marked in the positions they adopt before others and before the world. Identities, in this context, are dynamically and constantly reworked by individuals in their social practice and are accessed from the analysis of the positions that the individual adopts throughout the narrative construction. Three levels of positioning are highlighted, which guided the analysis: I-I, I-others, and I-dominant discourse. From the analysis of these positions, it was possible to understand how the adolescents construct their through the narrative. The adolescents who participated in the research narrated their trajectories from a narrative interview and through a tool named Book of Life, in which they drew and wrote in a more detailed way subjects highlighted in the first interview. It was possible to identify how adolescents construct their identities throughout and through the narrative process. They present their selves and identities when telling stories about their life trajectories and relationships with people and institutions, as well as self-reflection that happen along the narration. It was noticed that the institutionalization puts adolescents in a complex network of relationships and experiences that are part of that context, such as contact with the justice system or with families interested in socializing or adoption. The adolescents reference themselves as being in contact with peers, and that seems to make the sheltering process more tolerable. They hold plans for the future, like professionalization and the strategies to be adopted. They assimilate the condition of institutionalization and understand, to a certain extent, their impacts, rules, and challenges, but they support a sense of self in which compulsory deinstitutionalization by age does not make part of their plans. Finally, it’s suggested to be run more research on this subject, especially in view of a historical moment of attack on social policies and the ECA in order to provide subsidies that support public policies and professional actions aware of the phenomena of institutionalization and deinstitutionalization of adolescents.

In Brazil, many families live in contexts of social vulnerability that expose children to numerous health risks, resulting in hospitalizations. The association of these different factors increases the likelihood that the mother responds in a less sensitive way with her baby at the hospital, since psychological resources and contextual sources of stress play a central role in the quality of maternal sensitivity. Taking these aspects into account the current study aimed to adapt a brief intervention focused on the maternal sensitivity for mothers of newborns who were hospitalized to treat congenital syphilis and lived in socially vulnerable contexts, as well as to make a preliminary evaluation of its effects on sensitive maternal behaviors. Additionally, we evaluated possible effects of the intervention components directed to thoughts and emotions on mothers’ psychological flexibility. The study adopted a pre-experimental design only with post-test and was performed in a maternity hospital in the city of Salvador/BA. Participants were 20 dyads, distributed between intervention and comparison groups. In the pre-intervention evaluation, the Sociodemographic Data Sheet and the Baby Clinical Information Sheet were completed. In addition, an evaluation of the mothers' psychological flexibility was carried out with the AAQ-II, as well as the assessment of maternal mental health through SRQ-20. In the post-intervention, a new evaluation of the psychological flexibility was performed, as well as measures of maternal sensitivity, based on an observation of mother-infant free interaction, and of participants’ satisfaction with the program. Both groups went through the same pre and post-intervention procedures, except for the evaluation of the satisfaction with the program, which was assessed only in the intervention group. After the pre-intervention evaluation, the dyads of the intervention group participated in the Maternal Sensitivity Program/Newborns. This program resulted from an adaptation of the Maternal Sensitivity Program for hospital contexts. The original program includes eight home visits, between the third and tenth month of the infant's life. The adapted model is carried out in six sessions, and the main adaptation was the introduction of techniques from the psychotherapeutic approach Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) in the two initial sessions, aiming to intervene on mothers’ emotions and concerns in the face of the disease and the hospitalization. In addition, the number of sessions focused on maternal sensitivity was reduced, taking into account the specific characteristics of the hospital context, as well as dyads’ specificities. Therefore, three themes related to maternal sensitivity were addressed on sessions three, four and five: the interactive potential of the newborn, the importance of social contingency for development and the risks of intrusiveness for development. The last session aimed at reviewing the themes discussed in previous sessions, related to both, ACT and maternal sensitivity. Results indicated that the intervention had a positive effect on one dimension of maternal sensitivity: interpreting the newborn’s behavior. The mothers of the intervention group had a higher frequency of this type of response to baby’s behavior than mothers in the comparison group during free interaction. However, the intervention had no effects on mother’s emotions and thoughts, evaluated through the construct of psychological flexibility. The importance of the maternal sensitive behavior of interpreting the infant’s signals and cues for child development and for the quality of the dyad’s interaction is discussed, as well as the need of further research on the intervention program in order to achieve more expressive effects on maternal sensitivity. Regarding mother’s psychological flexibility, the complexity of the construct and its implications in the context of brief interventions were analyzed.

work design questionnaire, job characteristics, organizational commitment
measure, validation, Angola.

Social influence is a process of changing behavior, beliefs, attitudes, opinions or feelings from how other people's behavior is perceived and interpreted. This research had as general aim to analyze the mechanisms of social influence process exerted by fashion digital influencers in their followers, starting from both perspectives of the procedural relationship. Thus, the research sought to define the behaviors transmitted by fashion digital influencers from Salvador, Bahia, corresponding to known strategies of the Social Influence Process and already mapped by Social Psychology researchers; to identify the perception from social actors involved in this process; and to clarify the repercussions of these behaviors on actions of followers on fashion related issues. Taking this perspective, the theoretical foundation on the main theme is mostly composed of relevant references in psychology field, however, there is complementarity with important theoreticians from other areas of knowledge. Using a qualitative approach, with semi-structured interviews, three fashion digital influencers and three followers took part in this study. We used content analysis to perform the data analysis and the division into categories allowed finding answers to the initial inquiries. The participants pointed Instagram as the main communication channel on fashion theme. The main strategies of social influence developed on Instagram profiles focused especially on fashion are persuasive and are classified as reciprocity, commitment and consistency, social validation, admiration and affinity, identification and internalization; the most used bases of power were information, specialist and reference. The influence process that occurs through the profiles was positively perceived by the interviewees. The impact on reported behaviors indicated that the followers began to reassess the ephemerality of fashion trends and the need to practice hyperconsumption. It was also observed that the participants analyzed do not usually perceive the influence consciously.

Between the years of 2015 and 2016, an epidemic of births of children with Congenital Syndrome of the Zika Virus (CSZV) emerged in Brazil. By the year 2018, 3,279 children with this syndrome were counted, of which 550 are in the state of Bahia. The syndrome is characterized by multiple deficiencies and malformations and reduced cognitive development. The Brazilian government advocated health care based on early stimulation, dedicated to the multidisciplinary care of children from zero to three years of age, promoting child development in situations in which a risk is presented. This study sought to understand the phenomenon from the experience of early intervention professionals dedicated to the care of children with CSZV and their families. Thus, through Semiotic-Cultural Psychology, the objective was to identify and analyze the strategies of affective-semiotic regulation built by professionals of early intervention in the follow-up of children born with CSZV and their families. Narrative interviews were carried out with ten professionals who work in a multidisciplinary team of early intervention of a public health institution in the city of Salvador/BA. In the analysis of these narratives, special attention was given to understanding the processes of meaning construction, intersubjectivity, symbolic action and affective experience. Thus, we investigated how these processes had repercussions on the affective-semiotic regulation of professionals, as well as on the early intervention practices with children with CSZV and their families. As a result of the analyzes it was understood that the emergence of the CSZV occurred as a disturbing experience for the professionals of the team, and demanded of them an affective-cognitive work in the search for the construction of new meanings that gave account of this experience. In addition, intersubjectivity and affectivity were revealed as promoters of participants' semiotic selfregulation, contributing to the construction of more appropriate practices. The way in which the affective-semiotic regulation occurred with the professionals also had repercussions on the future expectations built on the children's development. 

This dissertation aims at examining the adolescence, wich would be a boundary space between childhood and adulthood that has some specificities regarding the subjective structuring. It is often associated with a psychic discomfort regarding the convocations concerning the changing body, sexuality and social bond. In this discursive field, Freud and Lacan's psychoanalysis enters into the debate with the contribution about the "adolescent subject" in a perspective that allows a cross between what is structural of this transition process and the singular responses of each one to the impasses that it comes from there. The "teenage guy" is faced on many levels with the question "who am I?". This unfolds in the tension between the generations, in the management of body image and in the awakening of sexuality, besides the demands of the social Other. In view of this, I choose sexuation as a study subject, in particular, what regards femininity as that which points to a logical impossibility of completeness between the sexes. This choice came from clinical practice in which narratives dealing with this embarrassment have been frequent. To call yourself a woman implies the identification traits that a subject has borrowed from the Other, but just as the particle "I", "woman" or "man" are signifiers that indicate the position of one subject and only one, not being, therefore generalizable. Moreover, these identifying traits do not end the matter. Something escapes because "choices" do not occur entirely in the field of consciousness, especially those in sexuation. If anatomy is not enough and identification entails contradictions, then how can one explain sexual identity and object choice? Thus, the symptom often appears as an attempt at elaboration.This dissertation has as its central problem: How is femininity implicated in the singular symptomatic responses of the adolescent subject? Therefore, I proposed as a general objective: To investigate the choices of the adolescent subject in sexuation from the methodological strategy of clinical case building guided by the ethics of psychoanalysis. As specific objectives: (1) Discuss the treatment given by psychoanalysis to the theme of adolescence in the tension between the singular and the universal; (2) Address the sexual difference in psychoanalysis and its implications for the logical time of adolescence; (3) To examine, in what has been decanted from the course of an analysis, the identifying traits that relate to positioning oneself in sexuation as a woman; (4) To analyze how the adolescent subject's symptoms, their identifications and the impasses of femininity are articulated. Research from the construction of the clinical case can provide important elements for a critical debate on the universalization of adolescence, as well as being able to add subsidies to the field of diverse knowledge about adolescence, as well as to psychoanalysis itself, since the theory can only review the issues that are updated in contemporary times from clinical practice.

In recent years, research has shown which executive functions (EF) use one of the key features of the cognitive functioning of individuals with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Difficulties in foreign exchange skills are identified and such damages negatively impact the lives of these individuals. ADHD is a very common mental health problem in children, adolescents and adults worldwide. It is presented by the presence of three symptom groups: inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity. International and national research that ADHD patients may also present, in addition to deficits and recommendations, changes in executive functions. Children with disorder have clear impairments in their performance in school learning and social and emotional development. The diagnosis of ADHD is clinical, based on the DSM-V, but studies of damage and executive functions are patients with a better characterization of the different clinical subtypes, besides being fundamental in the diagnostic elucidation of some comorbidities and intervention and / or rehabilitation proposals. This
dissertation, through two empirical studies, seeks to analyze a possible relationship between family resources and executive functions of students with signs and symptoms of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). OBJECTIVE: Study 1 performance in tasks that evaluate functions (working memory, inhibitory control and cognitive flexibility) between courses with signs and symptoms of ADHD and typical children. Working memory (Digest Subtest), inhibitory control (FDT and TIF) and cognitive flexibility (FDT and TIF) tasks were applied to children aged 7 to 10 years divided into two groups (clinical group and control group). Study 2 aimed to analyze the relationship between family environment resources, socioeconomic aspects and executive functions in schoolchildren. The results of this dissertation may contribute to the planning of the evaluation and intervention in the executive skills of children with typical development or ADHD, as well as the elaboration of component
stimulation programs executed in clinical and educational contexts. METHOD: In this crosssectional study conducted between February and October 2018, 89 children of both sexes, aged 7 to 10 years, were selected, divided into two groups: non-clinical group, composed of 35 children in typical development and clinical group with 54 children with ADHD signs and symptoms without comorbidities, established according to DSM-V criteria, with IQ ≥70. RESULTS: 1) There were significant differences (p <0.05) between the clinical group and the
control group in the performance of executive functions; 2) There were associations between family environment resources, socioeconomic aspects and executive functions of children. CONCLUSIONS: According to the results, through most of the neuropsychological tests used, it was possible to evidence changes in executive functions in children with ADHD and the relationship of family environment and socioeconomic aspects as moderators of this
performance.

The present study was developed based on my personal, academic and professional experiences as a social psychologist who directly deals with the theme of racism and its psychosocial effects on people of African descent in Brazil. Its main objective was to understand the subjective configurations related to police practices, expressed by black youth living in disenfranchised communities in a city of the state of Bahia. Departing from a cultural-historical approach to the concept of subjectivity, the research drew on the Qualitative Epistemology of Cuban theorist Fernando Gonzales Rey. According to Gonzales Rey, the main purpose of the study of subjectivity is to produce knowledge about the ways subjective meanings are produced and organized in the context of the social spaces in which social and individual subjectivities are mutually constructed and expressed. Our theoretical-methodological approach consisted on a constructive-interpretative method of information production based on the use of group and individual instruments. Initially, we conducted a workshop and a “conversational circle” with young adults (both male and female), mostly black, aged between 18 and 29. The activities took place at the headquarters of a social program linked to the Justice and Human Rights Secretariat of a city in the state of Bahia. We then selected two of the participants to take part in the case studies: two young black males aged 22 and 29. The case studies took place between May and November of 2018. The information produced was analyzed through the lenses of Gonzales Rey’s Subjectivity Theory in articulation to other areas of knowledge, particularly specialized in race relations. The information indicates that the subjective configurations of our subjects, in regards to the Military Police and their practices, are constituted by subjective meanings related to an understanding of this institution as a violent organization, racially biased, and whose actions often disrespect the basic rights of the members of the communities in which our subjects reside. The study also indicates subjective meanings related to feelings of distrust, insecurity and fear due to the fact that police officers are generally not held responsible by any institution for such behavior. Additionally, the young black men who can survive the high death expectations rates that constitutes the realities of those communities, have to deal with a social perception that regards them as potential criminals, thus being forced to create strategies to avoid or circumvent encounters with the police. Our study demonstrates that the living experiences of these black youth are marked by the tensions involved in the belonging to a social group to which a set of detrimental racial meanings are attached—in opposition to the normativity experienced by individuals that are socially perceived as white—, as well as by complex subjective processes produced by the conflict of being victims of racism at the hands of police officers who are also black, thus re-updating historical processes that continue to reverberate in their racialized subjectivities and which are based on the structural racism and necropolitical system through which Brazilian society has been structured. With this study, we hope to reinforce the importance of adopting a racialized perspective in Cultural-Historical Psychology research, which should be sensitive not only to the subjective processes of black populations but of society in general.

Brazilian psychologists have been using and appropriating the Internet for professional purposes for just over twenty years. For example, ICT-mediated psychotherapeutic care was officially introduced in late 2018 after approximately eighteen years of empirical and theoretical research. These professionals have taken ownership of the internet by using digital social networking platforms for both personal and professional purposes. As the use of digital social networks becomes part of the daily interactional dynamics of these professionals, some unique interaction practices are fostered, as well as new social agreements take effect in this arena. Furthermore, technical and social variables simultaneously verified in such a context are significant for the maintenance and adjustment of the presentations and expositions of self aspects of these interactants in such an environment. In this sense, the present research sought to investigate how Brazilian online psychologists manage the impressions they wish to pass on to their interactants in the digital social networks. To this end, we mapped the uses and appropriations these professionals make of ICTs as well as the strategies for managing their impressions for audiences in the main digital social networks used by professionals. The results point to the use of mobile devices and major digital social networks for both personal and professional purposes. In addition, professionals create specific profiles of interaction which present similarities and differences from each other regarding the situations presented by them. The strategies used to manage their impressions to audiences in digital social networks and from each type of profile involve the perception of technical and social variables. Future research should investigate the specificities involved in the professional uses of digital platforms by psychologists as well as their influence on social expectations about the profession.

Brazil has been suffering from a learning crisis that is increasingly expressed in the performance of its students. Data from the International Student Assessment Program (PISA) and the Functional Literacy Indicator (INAF) denote this problem. In this context, intervention and stimulation strategies have been emerging, applied in the school environment or not, in order to promote improvements in skills associated with students' academic/school performance. Some of these competencies – such as cognitive functions and processes – have been identified in strong association with student achievement. This is the case with attention and executive functions, which are highly recruited mental skills in the educational process as well as in everyday tasks. Meditation, in turn, has been the subject of many investigations and has been validated as to its effectiveness on various aspects, problems and needs present in the educational context, such as the stimulation of learning-related skills, the stimulation of socio-emotional development, among others. Based on these assumptions, this dissertation aimed to investigate the effects of meditation on attention, executive functions and school performance of children, students of elementary school of a municipal school in the interior of Bahia. In this sense, three articles were developed during this dissertation: two reviews and one empirical study. Article I was an integrative literature review, based on the PRISMA protocol, which sought to conceptualize academic/school performance and to identify the factors associated with it. Three databases were consulted – ERIC, PubMed and PlosOne – and in all 140 articles were reviewed. 121 factors were identified in association with the academic/school performance of students of all educational levels. These factors were organized according to their dimensions of origin, namely: biological, psychologicalbehavioral, socio-environmental and spiritual. Academic/school performance was conceptualized as the objective level of cumulative efficiency and effectiveness of exercise and expression (or its absence) of a series of overlapping student performances from the biological, psychological-behavioral, socio-environmental and spiritual dimensions. In addition, a theoretical-conceptual model has been proposed to explain the interaction of the concept with the factors. Article II aimed to identify and characterize the effects of meditation on factors associated with academic/school performance. Thus, a systematic literature review based on the PRISMA method for reviews was performed. The PubMed database was consulted and, in total, seven empirical articles were reviewed. Ten factors associated with students' academic/school performance were identified. Meditation was effective on all identified factors and, in some cases, had an effect on academic/school performance. Finally, article III aimed to investigate the effects of meditation on children's attention, executive functions, and school performance. Thus, a quasi-experimental, pre-test and post-test study with comparison group was conducted, involving 44 children with average age of 10.84 years (SD= 1.07) from Elementary School, randomly organized in two groups: control (n= 22) and expeirmental (n= 22). The results indicated that there were no significant differences of the investigated variables between the evaluated groups, except for the executive functions. However, there was a difference for all variables in the intra-group comparison. It was concluded that meditation was effective for stimulating attention, executive functions and improving students' academic performance.

The undergraduate degree in psychology aims to train psychologists directed to research, teaching and acting in psychology. Supervised internships in psychology were defined as a series of training activities permeated by the planning and direct supervision of teachers at the higher education institution. In this modality of undergraduate education it aims to ensure the consolidation and articulation of competences for training in psychology. The national curriculum guidelines aimed to ensure that the supervised internship is characterized by the student's contact with conjunctures, contexts and institutions in order to develop knowledge, skills and attitudes that are effective in professional actions. The theoretical foundations are the model of conceptual, procedural and attitudinal competences and the historical-cultural psychology. This research aimed to analyze the experience of supervised curricular internships in psychology from the students' perspective. The method consisted of qualitative, descriptive and exploratory research. Data were produced through semi-structured narrative interviews and flash cards with three female students from the 9th and 10th semesters of the psychology course of a private higher education institution in Salvador. The results were categorized from conceptual, procedural and attitudinal competencies during the internships and the meanings of supervised internships built by students in psychology training. From the data analysis it was possible to identify that the students faced the challenges of the internships through the collective construction of knowledge and connection with colleagues and teachers, highlighting the space of supervision. Students emphasize that psychology training is a transformative experience in personal, professional, social and ethical terms. Thus, it was possible to conclude that the experience of supervised internship in psychology training enabled the development of significant personal and professional learning provided by activities in the practice fields.

From a conception of organization as the result of social construction, a coalition of interests and values, the importance of addressing to understand what motivates subjects to engage in voice behaviors or remain silent. It is also emphasized the impact that bonds provide in the way the subject will relate to his work, being preceded by the way the subject perceives, as well as his attitude towards the company. The multi-commitment approach points to the existence of several focuses of commitment, and these can make convergent or even antagonistic demands. Commitment to actions demonstrates that the subject's bond can be established toward some specific action, some project regardless of their link with the organization. The approximation of the theme of voice and silence and commitment becomes, then, relevant for the understanding of organizational behavior. The present work aims to test the power of prediction of organizational commitment and commitment to professional activities in the behavior of voice and prosocial silence of university professors. This is a cross-sectional, correlational and quantitative study where a questionnaire containing several items was used to evaluate the different research variables, including scales already validated to measure commitment and voice and silence organizations, in addition to the Scale of Commitment to Teaching Actions that was created and validated in this study. A sample of 483 professors from the Federal University of Bahia was used. It was possible to establish the profiles of commitment of teachers with their professional activities, based on a specific commitment measure, and their relationship with the global link with the organization. The results indicated the existence of a positive and weak correlation between organizational commitment and behaviors of both voice and silence. Significant differences were also found regarding the predictive power of commitment to actions in relation to prosocial voice behaviors. The paper opens the perspective of new studies that expand the generalization of the results obtained and develop more complex theoretical models to analyze the relationship between multiple commitments and behaviors of voice and silence.

Recent studies seek to understand how emotional stimuli and emotional states can interfere with cognitive processes. Working Memory (WM) is an importante cognitive function, for example, for learning and decision making. WM is the ability to manipulate information in the mind for a period of time. The aim of the present thesis was to evaluate the effect of images with emotional valence and humor alterations in the formation of object-oriented visual binding of WM. The thesis is divided into 2 empirical studies. In the empirical study I, the objective was to analyze the maximum recall capacity and the order of presentation of the emotional images in the formation of the object-location visual binding of WM. The specific objectives were to test the models of 'Slot' and Shared Capabilities of maximum binding capacity in different conditions and to evaluate the effect of the order of presentation of negative images in the recall of the images in the formation of object-location binding. 106 university students with no history of psychiatric or neurological disorders participated in this study. Images of the  International Affective Picture System (IAPS) were used for the construction of the experiment. We selected 24 images, 12 of which were neutral emotional valence and 12 of negative emotional valence. The experiment was computerized and inserted inside the Unit platform in the C # language. Four experiments were carried out with different quantities and orders of presentation of the emotional images in a block series. In experiment 1, 4 images were presented per block, experiment 2, 6 images per block, experiment 3, 8 images per block, experiment 4, 12 images per block. The order of presentation of the neutral and negative images was different to test the hypotheses. For the data analysis, descriptive and inferential statistics were used with the Friedman, Wilcoxon, Kruskal-walls and post hoc tests of Connover and Dunn. The results of the experiments indicate that negative images capture more attentional resources while producing more "noise" in the formation of visual binding. That is why the amount of negative images and the order they are presented interferes with the formation of binding. Another finding is that you increase the amount of images presented the top-down control for prioritizing the bottom-up images. In the empirical study II the objective was to evaluate the relationship between Major Depression and its effect on the formation of visual object-location binding with emotional images. Additionally, the study aims to investigate the effect of humor induction on the visual object-location binding of emotional images with diferente interval times for recall. We selected 24 images, 12 of which were neutral emotional valence and 12 of negative emotional valence. The experiment was computerized and inserted inside the Unit platform in the C # language. It was used the experiment with 4 images, being 2 neutral and 2 negative in blocks of 4 images in a serial way. The participants were a total of 168 people who were divided into groups being 136 college students; 16 people with up to 2nd Full Degree; 16 with Psychiatric Diagnosis of Major Depression. Within the group of university students were divided into 4 groups. The first group with interval time for recall of 8 seconds and neutral mood, second group with interval time of 1 second and neutral mood, third group, interval time of 1 second and induced mood, and the fourth group, interval time of 8 seconds and induced mood. For the induction of negative mood was used the procedure of induction of humor of Velten. The results indicated that the induction of humor was not sufficient to significantly decrease the capacity of visual binding formation despite diferences being found. The interval time for recall (1 second X 8 Seconds) was also not sufficient to significantly decrease binding capacity. When comparing the binding capacity between the University Groups, Non University and Major Depression, the University Group presented a better performance, followed by Non University students and the worse performance for the group with Major Depression. When analyzing the total of images recalled, dividing between the neutral and negative images between the three groups mentioned above, it was possible to observe that the negative images are more remembered than the neutral ones, nevertheless in the group with Major Depression this difference presented a larger size of It is made. The Major Depression group had a lower overall binding capacity, but a greater tendency to remember negative images. The study of the relationship between emotions and cognition remains a challenge to be won. The work with emotional images adds yet another important variable for the understanding of the phenomenon of codification and memory. Trying to find cognitive markers that help identify and risk Major Depression and human behavior continues to be a great stimulus for future research, although the present study has found promising results.

Childhood and adolescent cancer causes losses in the life of the child and adolescent, who move away from their family environment to undergo treatment, often distancing themselves from friends and school - the primary caregiver experiences this distancing as well. As the disease becomes more severe and the possibility of a cure ends, the actors have to deal with the imminence of death in the context of pediatric palliative care. This reality involves a process of constant re-signification, producing new modes of acting, thinking, and feeling. This study sought to understand the experience of the child and adolescent with cancer in palliative care, as well as the experience of their primary caregiver, their parents. Narrative interviews were conducted with three children, four adolescents, five mothers and one father in the context of palliative care. The interviews was carried out in a nonprofit hospital and were recorded on audio and transcribed, with an average of 70 minutes long. For data analysis, categories were constructed, seeking to understand the dynamics between the path of illness, the I-Other relationship, the affective-emotional regulation and the perspective of the future. The analysis was performed by the light of the Cultural Semiotic Psychology, focusing, in particular, the concepts of rupture, transition, ambivalence, affective regulation and imagination. The results point out some conclusions. At first, the oncological diagnosis marks a rupture in the life of the participants, evidencing losses, demanding resources for the transition process. The hypergeneralized sign of faith was a promoter sign in the process of constructing meanings related to the losses experienced in this context. Among these meanings, children and adolescents emphasized the distance from the school, and the parents highlighted the loss of work and imminent loss of the child. For the parents, the meaning-making process was also driven by the hypergeneralized sign of motherhood. The experience of the child, the adolescent, and the parents are regulated in an interdependent way, and the anticipatory grief resembled the disenfranchised grief process because there is no social space for its expression and elaboration. The anticipatory mourning of the parents involves an intense emotional load, which has shown
to restrict the imaginative capacity directed to the future, orienting, in this way, the construction of meanings focused on the present. Finally, in the face of the intense emotions experienced, there were moments of ambivalence (your pain x the other pain, healing x death, impotence x force) in which a process of intensification of the affective-semiotic regulation and consequent strong production of meanings occurred, in search of self continuity.

The current survey approaches the school inclusion of autistic children as its subject. Although this theme has begun in the educational domain, it has been expanded by the contact with other fields of knowledge, such as law, psychology, medicine, speech therapy, and more. The school inclusion embraces a political and ethics position, and it has been marked by the slogan “Education for All”, which crosses the educational practice as a watchword. This reality reveals its relevance before a history marked by school segregation. Nonetheless, the act of “including” a child in regular school has becoming a social requirement – “we must include” – that sets aside the clinical uniqueness of a child. In general, the students are grouped according to their medical diagnosis, and from then on “inclusive strategies” are established in order to “guarantee” the school inclusion, which does not allow a space where all the individual aspects can be revealed during the schooling process. Accordingly, this research considers that gathering children in specific groups leads to an inclusion that obeys a structured model in “packs”, and in contrast, presents a proposal oriented to an “artisanal inclusion”. For that matter, the “artisanal inclusion” proposal was thought as a process that considers the act of including each particular condition, and not as a serial inclusion (an industrial characteristic). Besides that, the “artisanal inclusion” covers the mental composition dimension of a childhood education, which is considered an education’s task. For the analysis of the proposed topic, it is understood that the psychoanalysis suggests an important interpretation about education e it can offer the ethics notion of the individual for an educational practice that has the intention to be inclusive. Therefore, the research’s goal was to identify and analyze the artisanal elements in the inclusive process of autistic students, enrolled in public and private Brazilian schools, based on the School Therapeutic Accompaniment (Acompanhamento Terapêutico Escolar – ATE) experience. The nature of this research is qualitative and, it uses cases of two students diagnosed with autism, who were therapeutically accompanied in school in their inclusion processes. The analysis of the experiences with these students was developed by the unfolding of each case. Analysis axis were developed, and they worked as planners for analytical reading of the given topic under the psychoanalysis optics. It is considered that the cases represent the effects of an artisanal inclusion because through the inclusive experience and practice of STA (ATE) some important school figures showed investment and trust in their students as subjects and the latter revealed an important progress in their schooling processes, especially in the constitutive aspects and at the possibility of social bond.

Gender is considered an important social category with which the child has contact since her first years. It becomes essencial during play time for it is during these moments that one can observe the differences between boys and girls as to the choice of toys, games and social and spacial modes of organization. The recognition of these characteristics is possible due to three inter-related elements which help better understand the gender differences during play time: segregation, stereotyping, typification. Several studies about play and gender in different contexts reveal that children may present different behaviors due to specific aspects present in each of these environments. As one considers the importance of contextual settings in children identity gender forming, digital platforms have been shown to be innovative contexts in promoting games and new ludic practices in recent times. Taking into account these characteristics, digital platforms become a promising way for new investigations since children are frequently involved in websites and apps focused on boys and girls. Starting form the perspective of children as subjetcs capable of creatively appropriating the culture of adult context instead of their own culture, this research has aimed to analyze segregation, stereotyping and typification of games in websites and apps; and how children resignify gender typifications present in game for boys and girls. Regarding methodology, this study has an exploratory and qualitative features. Thus, in order to reach the above stated objective, a semi-structured interview was used with 12 children, (6 boys and 6 girls), aged between 6 and 11, living in the outskirts of Salvador, Bahia. Data collected were recorded, transcribed and grouped in categories according to the interview script. These analyzed data show that children who present less stereotyped discourse emerge from the of their families members since they have less conservative behavior in relation to gender differences. Among participants, children between 7 and 8 years old presented less stereotyped discurses—which contrasts other studies—, 6-year olds show strong stereotyping in their narratives, and the ones between 9 and 11 showed a tendency towards flexible and less stereotyped discourses confirming the literature examined. My conclusion is that even children who are in contact with explicit gender typification present in websites games and apps present a cultural resignification through their discourse, opposing the naturalization of gender present in these digital platforms.

The reality of the prison system has historically been marked by systematic violations of human rights that occur in a widespread way, from institutionalized violence in the practice of penitentiary agents against custodians to non-compliance with legal assistance rights, including religious assistance. provided for in the Federal Constitution and in the Law on Criminal Execution, among other normative mechanisms. The selective fulfillment of the right to religious exercise is directly associated with the unequal and historical context of freedom and religious expression produced in Brazil. Above all, directed to the religions of African matrices that had their cultural and ritualistic legacy, criminalized, demonized and pathologized by the State through various state mechanisms based on racist and intolerant scientific interventions. Concerning religions in confinement spaces, the religious presence is marked from the model of the tortures to the prison model that we witness today. If Catholic exclusiveness had previously existed, with the historical and political transformations, especially of the forms of government, religious plurality in public spaces was made possible, especially, when the Brazilian State instituted itself as a layman. In spite of this, the religious reality of the jail continues under the aegis of Christianity, with the strong influence of Pentecostal and neo-Pentecostal Christian strands in counterpoint to the process of demonization and disauthorization that subjugate the religions of African matrices and their followers. In this way, the objective of this study was to analyze how religious assistance is directed to religious adherents of African religion and what are their possibilities and limitations in the prison context. The research had as locus three prison units of the Penitentiary Complex Lemos Brito, in the city of Salvador / Bahia. We use theoretically and methodologically the principles of Constructivist Social Psychology, in particular, the notions of discursive practices, production of meanings and the contributions of Franz Fanon as prism for the production of data, understanding that reality is a social construction and is mediated by speech. In order to analyze the data, we used the thematic categorical analysis based on semi-structured interviews of a religious agent of African matrix who worked in the prison system, five custodians who are religious / sympathizers of some religion of African matrix and three prisoners who have shown an important positioning in the prison dynamics to reflect on the phenomena of the religiosity investigated. The results were compiled into two central theme categories, religious practice / religion meanings, and strategies for religious exercise. The first category includes four categories: Sense of Religion / Religiosity; Body Care and Protection; and, Psychosocial Effects of Prison on religious belonging. The second thematic grouping includes: Religious Strategies and Institutional Limitations; Intolerant Discourses and Religious Privileges; and, Convenient Use of Religion. The results point to the non-applicability of religious assistance to those who practice a religion of African matrices, although it also reveals ways of religious exercise and resistance of the guarded ones mediated by family members in the moments of visits in an arid context of possibilities, crossed by discursive practices of intolerance religious and institutionalized racism on the part of guarded Christians, especially evangelicals / protestants, as well as prison agents who, in prison daily life, naturalize the unequal social desirability of professed religions, creating religious privileges on the one hand, and disavowal and demonization on the other.

Emotional Labor (EL) is the interaction of three processes: emotional demands (ED), emotional regulation strategies (ERS) and emotional performance (EP). Nevertheless this concept has been studied fragmented with methodologies that capture EL without taking into consideration its dynamic functioning. This research aimed to identify and describe the procedural nature of EL including the dynamic interaction of its three components. Occupational environment of stand-up comedy, characterized by constant personal interaction and strong EL requirements, allowed capturing in situ this phenomena in a short lapse of time and explore comparatively its manifestation in two Latin American cities. Under a qualitative approach, it was performed a multiple case study integrating three techniques for collection of data to assess the three components of EW in an inter-related way. Observation of live events allowed identifying ED out of comedian-audiences interaction. Interviews with respective comedians allowed to deepen ED observed, explore ERS used by them and selfappraisal of their EP. The application of questionnaires with spectators at the end of each show allowed identifying the expectations of the public about the show and the evaluation about the DSE of the comedian. Six presentation were analyzed (three in Bogotá, Colombia, three in Salvador-Bahia, Brazil). Intra-cases content analyses served to understand the process of EL in each presentation, and inter-cases comparative analyses served to integrate information of all presentations, line-off similarities and specificities of EL in both cities, as well to create EL cycles. Results pointed some common characteristic in EL process in both cities. The main DE found in all cases were unexpected situations (e.g. negative reaction, audience silence), audience characteristics (e.g. introspected or heterogeneous audience), and audience expectation (e.g. genuine performance, joy). Main ERS carried out by comedians to face this demands were situation modification and situation selection, and their EP manifested with or without efficacy depending on a variety of factors. Explanatory models EL cycles identified are presented and discussed to each type of DE. This research gives both methodological and theoretical contributions to the study of EL. The methodology applied allowed to recognize and analyze the three components of EL interacting dynamically, so that it was possible to broaden the understanding of its procedural nature. It is suggested to apply same methodology in different occupations to get a bigger picture of particularities of EL.

This work aims to analyze the resonance of the dangerousness speech in the trajectory of teenagers who had experienced sheltering. To comprehend the goals, we used as methodological tool the life histories of two teenagers who had experience with sheltering and drug traffic, according to the analysis of some host institution’s charts where the teenagers were at, as well as open interviews with professionals that followed these teenagers in the moment of their institutionalization. One of the teenagers were also interviewed in the will of making his voice heard. The data found were analyzed according to the theoretical perspective of psychoanalysis and inspired by Foucault’s Discourse Analysis. As a theoretical mark, we used the ideas of dangerous individual, disciplinary power and biopower analyzed by Foucault, the concepts of homo sacer, of bare life and field developed by Agamben and the idea of precarious life from Butler. From the psychoanalysis, we rescued the concepts of adolescence, constitution and psychic structure and symbolical law. To historically situate the researcher's problem, we made a panorama about Brazilian laws for childhood protection, about the idea of family, about institutionalization of children and teenagers and about the images built of the institutionalized childhood. The cases presented have common characteristics, like abandonment and violence early on in life, difficulty to submit to institutional rules, the concept that they oppose the norms while they also show their singularities, like the extension of familiar and institutional circulation, the position occupied in institutional speeches and the incorporation of the idea of their supposed dangerousness. We discussed that the institutional logic of work is still turned to the discipline and this weakens it's work, that the unequivocal look on the teenagers acts do not open space for new identities and that the precariousness of a life makes it more vulnerable to certain contingencies. At last, we hope to contribute to the deconstruction of the idea of essentialized dangerousness to these adolescents, bringing new perspectives about the adolescence passage, about the role of the shelter for this public and about the discussion of the reduction of penal age.

The study of executive functions has been gaining ground with the advancement of Neuroscience. There is a growing interest in understanding how these functions, which are essential in managing thoughts and emotions, and adapting behaviors according to goals, aid in the understanding of psychiatric epidemiological diseases such as depression. Understanding the relationship between executive functions and depression is important to improve the clinical management of these patients, since executive deficits can make it difficult for them to adapt socially, work or family. The general objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of ketamine and its racemic mixture on the executive functioning of individuals with treatment-resistant depression. This study included a total of 45 adult subjects diagnosed with treatment-resistant depression who underwent a subanesthetic dose of ketamine. The study sought to evaluate whether this infusion had effects on the performance of the executive functions of the participants, through neuropsychological evaluations performed before and after treatment with ketamine. The articles presented bring promising results. Such an infusion proved to be effective in reducing depressive symptoms, measured on the MADRS scale. In addition to demonstrating that ketamine has a rapid effect, up to 24 hours after infusion, and good tolerability. These results were accompanied by an improvement in the performance of the executive functions of the participants, which suggests a positive relationship between treatment and cognitive outcomes. Inhibition, flexibility and verbal operating memory had significant gains with infusion. In the present study, nuclear FEs showed good predictive power for adherence to ketamine treatment, demonstrating better inhibitory control outcome.

The general purpose of this dissertation was to investigate the relationships between person-environment congruence, emotional intelligence, and intrinsic satisfaction at work. The congruence from the RIASEC model (Realistic, Investigative, Artistic, Social, Entrepreneur, Conventional) developed by Holland represents the degree of adjustment between professional interests and the demands of the occupational environment. Emotional intelligence according to the model developed by Mayer and Salovey represents the ability to recognize, understand, facilitate and regulate emotions in personal and interpersonal situations in favor of well-being. The intrinsic satisfaction at work results from the conditions of work, the adjustment of the worker to the activity and the personal characteristics of the workers and is associated with positive emotional responses to the performance of the professional activities. Empirical studies point to the need to test moderating variables in the relations of person-environment congruence and intrinsic satisfaction at work. More recent evidence points to positive relationships between emotional skills and job satisfaction. Two studies were developed to meet the general objective. The first objective was to improve the Occupational Classification Inventory (ICO), a measurement of the occupational environments that allows measuring also the person-environment congruence based on the RIASEC model, which until then was the only available measure for conducting studies in the national territory. The second study tested two models: the prediction of congruence on the intrinsic satisfaction at work and the moderation of emotional intelligence in the relations between congruence and intrinsic satisfaction at work. A total of 486 workers were divided between trainees and trained professionals (graduates and postgraduates) with at least six months of work in the same professional area, 237 men and 249 women between the ages of 18 and 68 years. Participants answered the ICO-R (revised version) to the Vocational Interests Scale (EIV), the Intrinsic Satisfaction Scale and the Emotional Competency Profile (PEC). The Principal Axis Analysis (PAF) indicated that ICO-R presented a six-factor structure with satisfactory internal consistency indexes, explaining 52% of the total variance. The relationships of ICO-R dimensions with EIV dimensions, both based on RIASEC, indicated relationships ranging from moderate to strong in the corresponding dimensions, and weaker, negative or even non-existent relationships in the opposite dimensions, according to the theoretical expectation of the hexagonal model RIASEC. Thus ICO-R was used in the second study. For the purpose of test of study 2 the workers were divided into two professional groups, according to the hexagonal model of RIASEC: the first one whose activities are more directed to the people and the second whose activities are more focused on the processes of handling objects, data and ideas. The relationship between congruence and emotional intelligence with intrinsic satisfaction at work was stronger in the first group that deals with people than in the group that deals more with objects, data, and ideas. Although both congruence and emotional intelligence are predictors of intrinsic job satisfaction, emotional intelligence does not act as a moderating variable. Limitations, theoretical implications and suggestions are discussed throughout the study.

Despite the need to build positive relationships between workers, their work and the organization in which they operate, which foster phenomena such as well-being, commitment and voice in organizations, little is known about how these three relate, especially in state of Brazilian art. Based on the movement of positive psychology and the theoretical model of demands and resources (JD-R) (Demerouti et al., 2001), this thesis proposes a theoreticalempirical model that represents the associations that are established between these three phenomena, considering also the influence of organizational support and individual characteristics as the locus of control and self-efficacy. To this end, five specific steps were implemented. The first was to analyze conceptually and empirically the phenomenon "workrelated well-being", seeking to identify overlaps and / or boundaries between different measures of the construct. It was identified that the measure used by Paschoal and Tamayo (2008) presented advantages in conceptual and empirical terms, being in line with the recent movement of the field of junction of the two classical theoretical bases used in the understanding of this phenomenon. This was the measure chosen for empirical research, quantitative and crosssectional, which was conducted sequentially. Based on data collected from 360 Brazilian workers, we compared different models of measuring and interpreting well-being at work (WBW), seeking empirical evidence to support the best strategy for research on the construct (uni or multidimensional). It was then realized that the interpretation of this phenomenon from a single indicator is feasible and more adequate when it is intended to have a more globalized understanding about it. Once questions about the process of measuring WBW have been clarified, research on the association between well-being and organizational commitment (OC) has been followed, identifying whether they behave as equivalent, correlated phenomena or whether the well-being is antecedent or consequent of commitment. Evidence has been found that WBW and OC influence each other, hence, how the individual feels about his or her work contributes to strengthening the identification bond with the organization and vice versa, and the direction of this association can be better explained in the presence of other variables. The fourth section consisted of describing how the pro-social voice (PSV) behaviors manifest in different socio-occupational groups, also analyzing the predictive power of WBW on these behaviors. In this point, the thesis contributed to the understanding of a still embryonic phenomenon in the state of the art in Brazil, the PSV, also identifying that the WBW can predict the PSV, information not previously tested in the international researches accessed. Finally, the last step was to test alternative models that explain the relationship established between WBW, OC and PSV behavior under the influence of organizational and individual resources. The results demonstrated that the OC is a direct predictor of PSV, mediating the relation that the BET establishes with this behavior. In addition, it was concluded that JD-R is an adequate model in explaining the occurrence of these phenomena (X2 /gl = 1,653; GFI = 0,917; CFI = 0,977; TLI = 0,973; RMSEA = 0,043), indicating that the resources, both of an individual order and of an organizational order, are determinant in the WBW experience, in the establishment of OC and in the emission of PSV and, as expected, the most intense relationship were between exogenous resources and the OC, and between endogenous resources and WBW and PSV.

The aim of this study was at the subjective sense attributed by health professional on the humanization practices. The National Humanization Policy (NHP) is part of the idea that proposes a transformation of the patterns of relations established by the workers and changes in the work processes in which they provoke non-humanized relations. We work with the path of Brazilian public policies, as well as with the thinking of health work. This typology was weak and strong, whose main focus of the study would be as weak technologies, the links, the relationships that make a health act in the interactional environment of workers. We use González Rey's Theory of Subjectivity as a theoretical basis. The study was a qualitative study that was performed at the municipal hospital (Cabedelo, Paraíba). This hospital offers ambulatory care, maternity, emergency and emergency services, in addition to having many specialties. Semi-structured interviews were done with seventeen health professionals. The questions were based on the conversational dynamics and had three thematic axes: family aspects, professional training and relationship with work, as well as knowledge about humanization and NHP. The analysis used the technique of content in different steps: constitution of the corpus, floating-reading, codification and cutouts, categorization of the corpus, subjective senses evaluation and treatment of results. The results were divided into two main moments, starting with the evaluation of the interviewee and researcher about the trajectory of the participant. After there were analyzed each of the thematic categories and their meanings. In the data analysis, four thematic axes and some categories emerged: 1 training (motivation and training processes); 2 - work (sense of work and health professional, positive and negative aspect, as well as desire for changes); 3 - the sense of humanization (a sense of humanization, ideal service, a humanized experience or not, and a social commitment in health) and 4 - NHP (knowledge about NHP, sense of NHP, professional relations, ambience, confrontation with subjective). In conclusion, the trajectory of research subjects, their professional lives and choices configured our subjective senses. In general, we observed that the social subjectivity of the participants is historically configured by their social scenarios. The senses of work, humanization and National Policy of Humanization of these scenarios are part of an individual and singular subjectivity of the particular practice. Moreover, we can observe that the HNP was received by the workers, has been developing actions that have already modified the profile of health professionals and practices. The NHP has fought for equality and justice of services, more wide, humane, egalitarian and supportive health.

The ways as parents socialize their children, as well as the effects that the parental practices produce in the development psychosocial of children and teenagers has been object of attention of several works in the last years. The scientific researches points to several variables that can be associated to the parental practices but are still insufficient the studies that verify how parental styles develop and which variables are associated to the fact of a parent uses one or other educative practice. Since studies have been demonstrating that personality's aspects influence the type of interaction that is established between the individual and his environment, it would be expected that this influence were broadened to different facets of interpersonal relationships. Thus, this study aimed investigates the relations between personality's factors of the parents and dimensions of parental practices. The adopted models were it of Dimensions of Parental Practices (Emotional support, Stimulate to the autonomy, Punitive control, Supervision of the behaviors, Responsibility demand, Intrusion) and the Big Five Personality's Factors (Neuroticism, Socialization, Extraversion, Openness to Experience, Conscientiousness). The sample was composed by 32 men and 88 women with schooling between the middle incomplete and the superior complete levels. Their children were between 11 and 17 years, in seven cities in the state of Bahia. The participants responded to an adapted version of the Scales of Parental Practices and to the preliminary version of the Battery Personality's Fatorial. To achieve the general objective of the study, analyses of correlation were carried out. Additionally, we ran descriptive analyses on the scales of practices and personality and the independent variables. The results demonstrated significant negative correlation between the parental practice Emotional support and the personality's factor Neuroticism; the practice of Emotional support showed significant  positive correlation also with the factor Socialization; this one also presented discrete positive correlation with the practice Punitive control and positive relevant correlations with the practices Supervision of the behaviors and Responsibility  demand; the practice Stimulate to the autonomy had discrete positive correlation with the factors Extraversion and Openness; the factor Conscientiousness and the Intrusion practice did not present any correlation. Among the possible conclusions, one detaches that the considered data corroborate the studies that demonstrate what caregivers with neuroticism’s traits have fewer resources to supply with Emotional support their children, as well as the positive correlation of this practice with the factor Socialization is in line with the theoretical assumptions on this factor, that reports the quality of the personal interactions. For future inquiries it is suggested to reduce the scope of the search on area, emphasizing especially the factor Neuroticism and the practice Emotional support.