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CÍNTIA DE SANTANA SILVA
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Development of a gluten-free ice cream cone alternative using cowpea flour (Vigna unguiculata (l.) walp), rice flour (Oryza sativa) and crude palm oil (Elaeis guineensis)
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Líder : DEUSDELIA TEIXEIRA DE ALMEIDA
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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CAMILA DUARTE FERREIRA RIBEIRO
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DEUSDELIA TEIXEIRA DE ALMEIDA
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MARIANGELA VIEIRA LOPES
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Data: 25-feb-2021
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Resumen Espectáculo
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The objective of this work was to develop and characterize ice cream cone using cowpea flour (Vigna unguiculata (l.) walp), rice flour (Oryza sativa) and crude palm oil (Elaeis guineensis), in order to obtain a product with high nutritional value, able to contribute reasonably with daily vitamin A intake and recommended iron and meet the demand for gluten-free products. To this end, the methodology adopted consisted of an experimental study of a quantitative and qualitative nature, through which different formulations were obtained through a Design of experiments (DOE) 23 statistically designed using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) to optimize the formulation. Adopted as independent variables the rice flour (RF; 15-20g), Cowpea flour (BF; 15-20g) and water (WT; 10-15g). BRS Guariba cowpea flour (CF) was prepared to produce the product. The following were determined in the ice cream cone formulations (ICC): centesimal composition (%), total carotenoids (μg / g); color (CIELab), minerals (Ca, Fe and Zn (mg. 100g -1)), fractions of phytic acid (InsP3, InsP4, InsP5, InsP6; (µmol g-1), condensed tannins (mg eq. CE / g), polyphenols (mg / g), instrumental texture (N) and sensory analysis. The characterization of crude palm oil (CPO) applied in the preparation of the product was carried out in terms of color (CIELab), free fatty acid (FFA%), peroxide index (meq O2 / kg) and total carotenoids (μg / g). For the selection of the formulation applied in the sensory analysis with the optimized values of the investigated parameters, the desirability profile function was used. Choosing the formulation 20 g of CF and rice flour, and 15 g of water for the sensory analysis. The developed ICC consisted of 6.4-10 % moisture, 1.2-1.5 % for ashes, 10.1-11.9 % protein, 65.2–70.0 % carbohydrates, 2.3-5.9 % neutral dietary fiber, 4.1-4.6 % acid dietary fiber, 2.5-3.7 % lipids. The energy content to 335.2-350.9 kcal and Aw to 0.308-0.475. The ICC showed a bronze-orange color resulting from the presence of carotenoids (4.9-9.3 mg/g W) from the crude palm oil used. Texture and sensory analysis of the ice cream cones revealed a crispy and hard nature. The formulation applied in the sensory analysis showed excellent acceptability - acceptabilities (≥4). Evaluation of the factorial design demonstrates that CF concentration was significant for polyphenols, tannins, IP6 and IP5 (+14.89 ± 0.00; 21.22 ± 0.0; +7.88 ± 0.02 and (+7.22 ± 0.01, p<0.00), respectively. Similar to the IP6, IP5 and IP4 also increased with increasing percentages of RF in the formulations (+10.71 ± 0.02, +5.38 ± 0.01; +5.89 ± 0.01, p <0.03, respectively). Fe and Ca bioavailability might be negatively affected. The 20 g portion of this formulation according to the daily dietary reference intake (DRIs) for minerals (boy and girl) represent represents 0.29%; 2.78%; and 5.33 to 3.33% for calcium, zinc and iron. The results were presented in the form of articles titled ARTICLE 1: Development of a gluten-free ice cream cone alternative using cowpea flour (Vigna unguiculata (l.) walp), rice flour (Oryza sativa) and crude palm oil (Elaeis guineensis). ARTICLE 2: Minerals and nutritional factors of ice cream cones made with a mixture of cowpea and rice flours. Thus it is concluded that the developed gluten-free ICCs present an excellent alternative to wheat-based ones, indicating a clear potential for alternative production for the demand for gluten-free products.
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2
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LORENA ROCHA ANDRADE
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Body image in adolescents: association with anthropometric indicators, physical activity, and sedentary behavior
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Líder : MONICA LEILA PORTELA DE SANTANA
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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JAIRZA MARIA BARRETO MEDEIROS
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MONICA LEILA PORTELA DE SANTANA
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ROSANA AQUINO GUIMARAES PEREIRA
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Data: 12-mar-2021
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Resumen Espectáculo
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Introduction: Concern about body and body shape, as well as the occurrence of dissatisfaction with body image has increased in adolescence, thus, the occurrence of sedentary lifestyle and obesity stands out in this scenario, which can increase frustration with the body and generate harmful effects in the physical and mental health of young people, making it necessary to expand the understanding of this theme. Objective: To evaluate the association of anthropometric status, level of physical activity, and sedentary behavior with negative body image in public schools in Salvador. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study nested in the cohort entitled “School and family environment and cardiovascular risk: a prospective approach”. The place and the study sample comprise, respectively, six state public schools in Salvador and 465 adolescents of both sexes aged between 10 and 17 years enrolled in these teaching units. Body image was assessed for its perceptual dimension (divergence in body size = difference between actual and actual BMI) and attitudinal (body dissatisfaction = difference between desired and current body mass index (BMI) using the silhouette scale. To identify anthropometric status, BMI / age and sex in percentile recommended by WHO and waist circumference in the 90th percentile of the sample itself were adopted. A Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents was adopted to identify the level of physical activity and TV time was used to assess sedentary behavior using the Global School-based Student Health Survey reference. In addition, demographic information (gender, age, and economic status) was obtained. The descriptive analysis of the data was performed using the proportion for categorical variables. The magnitude of the association between anthropometric status, physical activity, sedentary behavior, and dissatisfaction with body image was expressed as a Chance Ratio (Politomic Logistic Regression) and respective 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). The AIC assessed the fit of the final model. Statistical significance of 5% was adopted. The data were analyzed using the STATA statistical package, version 16.0. Results: The prevalence of Body Image Dissatisfaction was 78.3%, of Body Image Distortion 81.3%. Body dissatisfaction was positively associated with overweight and inadequate WC, but there was no association with lifestyle variables. Conclusion: It is concluded that anthropometric status is an important indicator for IIC and DTC. Public policies aimed at the school environment become essential, aiming at strategies and plans for a greater corporal acceptance of the adolescent.
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3
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GIÉSY RIBEIRO DE SOUZA
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Prevalence of sarcopenia and associated factors in institutionalized elderly
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Líder : LILIAN BARBOSA RAMOS
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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LILIAN BARBOSA RAMOS
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RAQUEL ROCHA DOS SANTOS
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RAQUEL SIMÕES MENDES NETTO
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CAROLINA CUNHA DE OLIVEIRA
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Data: 19-mar-2021
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Resumen Espectáculo
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INTRODUCTION: Sarcopenia is a muscle disease characterized by decreased strength, muscle mass and potency and is related to health complications. Elderly people are institutionalized when compared to the elderly in the community, and generally presenting worse health conditions, increased risk for falls, malnutrition, weight loss, recurrent hospitalizations, and have a higher prevalence of sarcopenia compared to the elderly in the community. This study aims to identify the prevalence of sarcopenia according to EWGSOP2 and associated factors in elderly residents in Long-Term Care Facilities. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study with 58 60-year-old seniors or older of both sexes living in three Long-Term Care Facilities, located in two Brazilian cities. The diagnosis of sarcopenia was based on the criteria proposed by the Revised European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People, with the evaluation of strength by hand grip test, muscle mass by calf circumference and muscle performance by gait speed. The factors evaluated in relation to sarcopenia were sociodemographic, clinical and anthropometric data. RESULTS: The prevalence of sarcopenia was 29.3%, increasing with age in both sexes and more markedly in males (p=0.02). There was a moderate negative correlation between age and calf circumference (p<0.01; r= -0.42), indicating that the higher the age the lower the calf circumference and a moderate positive correlation between calf circumference and BMI (p<0.01; r=0.51), showing that the higher the BMI the higher the calf circumference. Dependent elderly had 2.38 more chances of presenting sarcopenia in relation to independent elderly (95%CI=1.07 - 5.30). CONCLUSION: The prevalence of sarcopenia was high among institutionalized elderly people in all age and sex groups. Elderly people with dependence according to functional capacity had a higher chance of presenting sarcopenia when compared to independent elderly people. Sarcopenia can be diagnosed with low cost and easy reproducibility techniques, facilitating the investigation and diagnosis of sarcopenia in Long-Term Care Facilities.
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4
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JULIANA CAMPOS CARDOSO BORGES
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FRAGILITY, COGNITIVE STATE AND FUNCTIONAL CAPACITY IN INSTITUTIONALIZED BRAZILIAN OLDER ADULTS
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Líder : ANNA KARLA CARNEIRO RORIZ
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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ANNA KARLA CARNEIRO RORIZ
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HENRIQUE SALMAZO DA SILVA
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JAIRZA MARIA BARRETO MEDEIROS
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JOÃO ARAÚJO BARROS NETO
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Data: 20-abr-2021
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Resumen Espectáculo
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Introduction: Frailty is a condition that has been gaining prominence in the world literature on aging and is associated with high risk of adverse health outcomes, such as decline in functional and cognitive capacity. Objective: to evaluate the association between frailty, cognitive status, and functional capacity, and to identify the prevalence of frailty in institutionalized older adults. Method: cross-sectional study, carried out in older adults residing in Long-Term Care Institutions, of both sexes in two Brazilian cities. To define frailty we used the Fried et al. (2001) phenotype that evaluates 5 criteria: unintentional weight loss; self-reported fatigue; decreased strength; reduced walking speed; and low level of physical activity. Cognitive status was assessed using the MiniMental State Examination (MMSE) and functional capacity using the Katz index. Health, sociodemographic, anthropometric, and physical activity variables were also collected to characterize the sample. Results: As a product of this research, we have the article entitled "Physical fragility, cognitive performance and functional capacity in institutionalized elderly from two Brazilian regions". 73 older people participated with a mean age of 78.6 ±10.44 years. 63% were female, 47.9% were the very old (> 80 years) and 32.1% were underweight. The prevalence of frailty was 57.5%, and in the Poisson regression model adjusted for age and time of institutionalization, it showed a positive association with cognitive status (PR=1.90; CI: 1.17 - 3.06) and functional capacity (PR=2.97; CI: 1.18 - 3.11). Conclusion: The results showed high prevalence of frailty and its association with functional disability and cognitive decline in institutionalized older adults.
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5
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ARLINDA SANTOS SEIXAS ROSA
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Association between Maternal Anthropometric Nutritional Status and Occurrence of Congenital Microcephaly by Zika Virus
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Líder : JAIRZA MARIA BARRETO MEDEIROS
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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JAIRZA MARIA BARRETO MEDEIROS
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MONICA LEILA PORTELA DE SANTANA
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WYLLA TATIANA FERREIRA E SILVA
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Data: 10-jun-2021
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Resumen Espectáculo
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Brazil was the first country to investigate the relationship between congenital Zika virus (ZIKV) infection and microcephaly. The potential risk of ZIKV infection during pregnancy to cause microcephaly is poorly understood. Genetic predisposition and environmental factors are possible cofactors that can increase susceptibility to ZIKV infection and lead to phenotypic changes in the brain. Several factors have been proposed to influence the fetal outcome during maternal ZIKV infection; however, the effect of maternal anthropometric nutritional status has not been investigated. Maternal anthropometric nutritional status, estimated by pre-gestational maternal body mass index (BMI) and gestational weight gain, has been widely studied as a predictor of adverse pregnancy outcomes, including spontaneous abortion, premature birth, low birth weight and congenital anomalies. Objective: To investigate possible associations between maternal anthropometric nutritional status before and during pregnancy and the occurrence of microcephaly due to ZIKV infection. Methodology: This is a cross-sectional study, with a sample consisting of 121 mothers with exposure to ZIKV during pregnancy confirmed by the Neutralization Test by Plaque Reduction (PRNT). The mothers were divided into two groups: with and without microcephaly in newborns. Results: Most women with microcephalic children (n = 35) were young <30 years of age (82.4%), black (93.9%), with unsatisfactory self-reported family income (70%), primiparous (57.1%), with cesarean delivery (55.9%) and inadequate weight gain (60%). Family income was associated with microcephaly (p = 0.035). And mothers with low weight at the beginning of pregnancy were more likely to have children with microcephaly (adjusted OR = 11.72; 95% CI: 1.15 - 119.11). Conclusion: Maternal anthropometric nutritional status may have an influence on the occurrence of microcephaly due to congenital ZIKV infection. Low pre-pregnancy weight was associated with cases of microcephaly. And a higher prevalence of microcephaly found among mothers with insufficient weight gain during pregnancy.
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6
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JAMILE RAFAELA PEREIRA DA SILVA BARRETO
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Influence of sugar consumption from foods with different degrees of processing on anthropometric indicators of children and adolescents after 18 months of follow-up
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Líder : PRISCILA RIBAS DE FARIAS COSTA
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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MONICA LEILA PORTELA DE SANTANA
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PRISCILA RIBAS DE FARIAS COSTA
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MARCOS PEREIRA SANTOS
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Data: 29-jul-2021
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Resumen Espectáculo
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Introduction:Food has undergone changes over time. There is greater intake of processed and ultra-processed foods and lower consumption of unprocessed and minimally processed foods. Excessive intake of foods rich in sugar has been related to the development of metabolic changes in children and adolescents. However, there is a lack of studies that assess the effect over time of the consumption of total sugars, monosaccharides and disaccharides present not only in ultra-processed foods but also in other food groups and their relationship with anthropometric indicators in this age group. Objective:The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of sugar consumption, from foods with different degrees of processing, on anthropometric indicators of children and adolescents over a period of 18 months. Materials and methods:This is a cohort study carried out with 492 children and adolescents from 7 to 15 years of age, of both genders. Information on food consumption (24-hour recall) and anthropometry (Weight, height and waist circumference) were collected in three stages of follow-up (baseline, 12 and 18 months). The nutritional composition of foods was analyzed by the Nutrition Data System for Research program, and the NOVA classification was adopted for food categorization. To estimate the usual consumption, the Multiple Source Method was used. The influence of dietary intake of sugars on the variation of anthropometric measurements over time was evaluated by Generalized Estimating Equation models.Results:For ultra-processed foods, over the 18 months of follow-up, every 1g/day increase in total sugars, disaccharides and monosaccharides increased by 0.034Kg/m2(p=0.002), 0.037Kg/m2(p =0.033) and 0.029Kg/m2(p=0.005) in the BMI/Age, respectively. Each 1g/day increase in the consumption of total sugars, monosaccharides and disaccharides promoted an increase of 0.011 (p=0.003), 0.008 (p=0.008) and 0.015 (p=0.019) in the z-score of BMI/Age, respectively. And for each 1g/day increase in the consumption of total sugars, monosaccharides and disaccharides, there was an increase of 0.103cm (p=0.001), 0.070cm (p=0.016) and 0.133cm (p=0.005) in the average waist circumference, respectively. For unprocessed and minimally processed foods, for each 1g/day increase in monosaccharide consumption, there was an increase of 0.064Kg/m2(p=0.033) in the mean BMI/Age.There was also an increase in the mean z-score of BMI/Age for the consumption of monosaccharides, in which for each increase of 1g/day in the consumption of these sugars there wasan increase of 0.027 (p=0.012). Conclusion:The findings of this investigation strengthen the evidence that the consumption of total sugars, monosaccharides and disaccharides from ultra-processed foods is associated with weight gain and abdominal fat in children and adolescents, and may represent an important risk factor for the overweight in this age group.
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7
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GLEIDE DE JESUS CARNEIRO
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INFLUENCE OF BIRTH WEIGHT ON THE GROWTH OF PREMATURE CHILDREN IN THE FIRST YEAR OF LIFE
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Líder : PRISCILA RIBAS DE FARIAS COSTA
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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DJANILSON BARBOSA DOS SANTOS
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PEDRO ISRAEL CABRAL DE LIRA
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PRISCILA RIBAS DE FARIAS COSTA
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Data: 30-jul-2021
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Resumen Espectáculo
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The prevalence of prematurity is increasing worldwide. Premature birth exposes the mother-child binomial to a series of potentially fatal complications, including low birth weight. This investigation is a retrospective cohort study of secondary database that evaluated the influence of birth weight on the growth of preterm children in the first year of life and involved 130 pairs of mothers and children born with GA < 37 weeks, accompanied at the Early Stimulation Clinic. The study protocol was developed according to STROBE guidelines. Exposure variables were birth weight < 2500 grams and Small for Gestational Age. The sample calculation considered a power of 80% and a significance level of 5%, with two-tailed tests. Anthropometric measurements (weight, length, head circumference) from birth to 64 weeks were entered into the INTERGROWTH-21st software and measures at nine and twelve months were entered into AnthroR to determine the Z-score values of the weight-for-age indicators (P /I), height for age (A/A) and head circumference for age (HC/A), for the construction of growth curves and definition of the anthropometric diagnosis. Data were entered using the Epidata Software and the analysis was performed using the statistical package STATA for Mac, version 16.0. To describe the sample, prevalences and frequencies were calculated, for categorical data, and mean for continuous data, and to assess the influence of birth weight on the growth of premature children, the Generalized Estimating Equation modeling was performed. Potential confounding variables were those that were associated with both exposure and outcome, expressed as a variation of 10% or more in the measure of association, compared to the measure of the reduced model. In the final model, the variables that presented significance lower than 5% remained. Statistical analyzes showed that children born weighing < 2500 grams or small for gestational age have a growth in weight and height and head circumference in the first year of life, which is lower than children born weighing ≥ 2500 grams and adequate for gestational age . This difference in growth can be observed considering the indicators P/I, A/I, PC/I.
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8
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DANIELA MORENO CORTES
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Hand grip strength in patients with advanced chronic liver disease: cutoff values associated with survival
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Líder : ROSANGELA PASSOS DE JESUS
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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ROSANGELA PASSOS DE JESUS
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ANNA KARLA CARNEIRO RORIZ
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JAIRZA MARIA BARRETO MEDEIROS
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Lucilene Rezende Anastácio
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Data: 27-ago-2021
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Resumen Espectáculo
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Introduction: The association of inadequate nutritional status with unfavourable clinical outcomes reinforces the need for reproducible, reliable, and affordable tools for nutritional assessment for patients with advanced chronic liver disease (ACLD). Handgrip strength (HGS) is an important biomarker for nutritional assessment and diagnosis of sarcopenia. Only very few studies have defined cutoff values for the prediction of adverse clinical results in ACLD patients. The aim of this study was to identify HGS cutoff values in ACLD patients, and to assess their association for predicting survival 12 months forward. Method: This prospective observational study recruited patients with compensated and decompensated ACLD, followed for 12 months after the first outpatient visit or hospital discharge. HGS cutoff values was obtained using a Jamar™ dynamometer. Results were categorized considering the physiological muscle strength variation related to sex and age. Results: Cutoff values were 42 and 19 kg for male and female adults, respectively, and 28 and 17 kg for male and female elderly, respectively. Twenty-four % (n=67) of patients had died by the end of the 12-month follow-up, 80.6% of those were identified with inadequate HGS. Patients who did not survive the follow-up period presented a higher prevalence of moderate or severe malnutrition, decompensated ACLD and lower HGS. Conclusion: Inadequate HGS was identified as an independent predictor of survival in comparison to commonly employed prognostic indicators of ACLD. HGS scores lower than the cutoff points were significantly associated with mortality within 12 months. Such association was maintained even after adjustments for severity stages of liver disease at the beginning of the follow-up.
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9
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SILVANA OLIVEIRA DA SILVA
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HOUSEHOLD FOOD INSECURITY UNDER THE INTERSECTIONALITY, RACE AND GENDER PERSPECTIVES IA A CAPITAL OF NORTHEASTERN BRAZIL
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Líder : SANDRA MARIA CHAVES DOS SANTOS
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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HUGO RAMIRO FRANCISCO MELGAR QUIÑONEZ
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FERNANDA DE SOUZA BAIRROS
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LILIANE DE JESUS BITTENCOURT
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RENATA ALVAREZ ROSSI
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SANDRA MARIA CHAVES DOS SANTOS
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Data: 05-oct-2021
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Resumen Espectáculo
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Food security has been studied under a multidimensional approach, which reflects the complexity of this concept, considering different realities. However, there are only a few that, when noted that the Black population and women are more susceptible to food insecurity, take into consideration the influence of systemic determinants such as racism and sexism. One of the ways to progress in this direction is to use the intersectionality approach in the analysis of food insecurity in a way to better understand the reality faced by these groups. The aim of this research isto analyse food (in)security in the household, from the perspective of race and gender intersectionalities, in the city of Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. This is an analysis using the data from a cross-sectional and population-based study entitled Qualidade do Ambiente Urbano de Salvador, carried out between 2018 and 2020. The sample was defined using systematic random sampling without return of households in 160 neighbourhoods, based on the information available on Salvador’s system of basic sanitation, which covers 98% of the capital and contains a georeferenced registry of active and inactive water connection. For the present analysis, 14,713 households were considered. The outcome was food (in)security situation, classified as mild and moderate or severe, collected from the Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale, which was applied along the larger survey questionnaire that contained 62 questions. The main exposure was the crossing of race and sex variables: white man, white woman, black man and black woman. Multinomial logistic regression models were used to estimate the association between main exposure and outcome, adjusted for socioeconomic variables and stratified according to education and per capita family income. In most households black women (50.1%) were the main or even solo breadwinners for their families. In second place, black men (35.4%), then white women (8.3%) and lastly white men (6.2%). The prevalence of food security was higher in households headed by a white man (74.5%), followed by a white woman (69.5%), a black man (62.2%) and a black woman (53.2%). Households headed by black women had higher chances of mild food insecurity (OR=1.39; 95%CI 1.15-1.68; p=0.001) and moderate or severe (OR= 1.94; 95%CI1.49- 2.52; p<0.001) in comparison to households headed by white men. These households were more likely to have moderate or severe food insecurity at all levels of education and in the ranges up to ½ minimum wage and >1 minimum wage. When the main breadwinner was a black man, the highest chances for this condition were in the households with earnings around the range of > 1 minimum wage. Households held by a black woman were the ones with the highest chances of being food insecure, even in socioeconomically favourable conditions. Due to social disadvantages and discriminatory practices experienced by the Black population, the progress related to education and income issues are not universal. The situation of black women is even more concerning and food insecurity in the households headed by this group reveals itself as one of the consequences of the structural interaction of racism and sexism.
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10
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MÁRCIO VASCONCELOS LUCKESI
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POST-HARVEST LOSSES OF FRUIT AND VEGETABLES: A CASE STUDY IN A SUPPLY CENTER IN BRAZIL
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Líder : RYZIA DE CASSIA VIEIRA CARDOSO
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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ADRIANA LUCIA DA COSTA SOUZA
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DEBORAH MUROWANIECKI OTERO
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ITACIARA LARROZA NUNES
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Data: 29-oct-2021
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Resumen Espectáculo
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Food loss is a problem with economic, social and environmental impacts. In relation to fruits and vegetables, losses occur from production to the consumer. In Brazil, post-harvest losses of fruits and vegetables are estimated at between 30% and 35%. In the country, the Supply Centers (CEASA) are one of the main ways of distributing these foods, with high loss rates being registered. Thus, this study aimed to characterize the postharvest losses of fruits and vegetables in the Central Supply of Bahia, Brazil (CEASA-Bahia). A descriptive study was carried out, with data collection based on documents, along with the administration of CEASA-Bahia, by the administration of questionnaires, with traders, and by observation in loco. 132 merchants from three categories of establishments were interviewed – stalls, stones and boxes. Among these, more than 85% had no training to work with food. The infrastructure and equipment conditions showed to be insufficient and precarious - only 22.7% of the establishments had running water points and 12.9% with refrigeration facilities, which limited the places’ hygiene and the products conversations. Although 56.1% of traders deny the phenomenon of losses, a weekly loss of 26.30 ton of vegetables and 127.4 ton of fruit was estimated, recognizing limitations in this estimate. Among the reasons given for the losses, the delay in the sale was the most indicated, being also associated with difficulties in accessing the unit and precariousness of the facilities. It was not possible to observe a policy to prevent or reduce the problem, registering only timid initiatives, including donations to social institutions (28.8%) and price reduction (6.8%). The results show a serious problem and indicate potential to be explored, with a view to establishing programs to prevent food losses, with contributions, above all, from the perspective of health and the environment.
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11
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TAISE ANDRADE DA ANUNCIAÇÃO
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Dynapenia, Sarcopenia and Quality of Life in Women Hospitalized with Excess Weight and Breast Cancer
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Líder : ANNA KARLA CARNEIRO RORIZ
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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GABRIELA VILLAÇA CHAVES
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ANNA KARLA CARNEIRO RORIZ
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MARIA ESTER PEREIRA DA CONCEICAO MACHADO
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Data: 22-nov-2021
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Resumen Espectáculo
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Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women. The associated presence of dynapenia, sarcopenia and obesity increases the possibility of adverse effects that can affect the tolerability of the treatment and possibly the quality of life. Aims: to assess whether there is an association between dynapenia, sarcopenia and sociodemographic, clinical and quality of life characteristics in hospitalized women with excess weight and breast cancer. Method: This is a cross-sectional study, carried out at a Philanthropic Reference Hospital in the city of Salvador. Socioeconomic and demographic data were evaluated; clinicians; Lifestyle; nutritional data; assessment of physical performance and quality of life. The assessment of dynapenia was performed using absolute and relative handgrip strength. For the diagnosis of sarcopenia, the assessment of dynapenia, muscle mass reserve and physical performance was used. Quality of life was assessed using the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy - Breast (FACT-B) instrument. Results: 97 women participated in the study with a mean age of 52.2 years (SD=11.2), 55% had a diagnosis of obesity, 58.8% time since diagnosis was less than 6 months and 56.7% had not been previously submitted to antineoplastic treatments. Assessing absolute handgrip strength, 72.2% had dynapenia, 11.3% had low muscle mass reserve and 32% had low physical performance. 66% had probable sarcopenia, 3.1% sarcopenia and 2.1% severe sarcopenia. The mean quality of life score, according to FACT-B, was significantly higher among African descendent women (111.7 vs. 99.5, p=0.04). Women diagnosed with probable sarcopenia/sarcopenia scored 6.54 (CI: -11.79; -1.29) points lower on the FACT-B when compared to those without sarcopenia. When adjusting the model, it was observed that the mean quality of life score in women with probable sarcopenia/sarcopenia was even lower (-7.41; CI:-12.97; -1.85). Patients diagnosed with dynapenic obesity had a mean quality of life score of 8.47 points lower (CI: -13.12; -3.82) when compared to those without dynapenic obesity and in the adjusted model, the mean quality of life score was even lower ( -8.89). There was an agreement between FPPA and FPPR of 0.779 (p=0.000). In the evaluation of FPPR, women with dynapenia had higher BMI values (34.0, SD=6.2 vs. 30.8, SD=3.6, p=0.002) and WC (103.4, SD=12.7 vs. 95.9, SD=9.3, p= 0.003). There was a moderate inverse correlation between FPPR and BMI (-0.42, p=0.000), WC (-0.48, p=0.000) and a positive correlation with physical performance (0.29, p=0.003). There was a correlation between FPPR and physical well-being (0.27, p=0.007), emotional well-being (0.21, p=0.035), functional well-being (0.29, p=0.004); between the breast cancer subscale (0.32, p=0.001) and FACT-B (0.36, p=0.000). Conclusion: In this study, women with higher BMI, abdominal fat deposition and dynapenia had lower quality of life scores. Relative strength by weight was able to identify greater associations with nutritional variables and quality of life. Thus, FPPR can be used as an adjuvant method for early nutritional assessment, and must be accompanied by every antineoplastic treatment.
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12
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GISELLE RAMOS COUTINHO
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Socio-environmental factors, inequalities & food insecurity: geoprocessing analysis in a northeastern municipality in Brazil
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Líder : SANDRA MARIA CHAVES DOS SANTOS
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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CINTIA MENDES GAMA
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MARIA ELISABETE PEREIRA DOS SANTOS
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PATRICIA LUSTOSA BRITO
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VALTERLINDA ALVES DE OLIVEIRA QUEIROZ
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Data: 17-dic-2021
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Resumen Espectáculo
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This is a cross-sectional study, which aims to assess the situation of food security and levels of food insecurity in different territories of the city of Salvador, considering demographic and socio-environmental factors from the perspective of inequalities. This study used data from the Quality of the Urban Environment Survey of Salvador - QUALISalvador. The analyses were carried out in 15,171 georeferenced households, randomly selected in 160 neighborhoods in the city of Salvador. The main exposure variable was the food insecurity situation in the households assessed through the Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale. The demographic and socioenvironmental variables used were selected from the 62-question questionnaire used in the research. Descriptive analysis of the characteristics of the investigated population was performed, subsequently bivariate analysis. The magnitude of the association between food insecurity and possible predictors was estimated by calculating the odds ratio (Odds Ratio, OR), adopting the 95% confidence interval (95%CI). Analyses were also performed using multinomial logistic regression. Variables showing levels of statistical significance according to a P < 0.05 remained in the model. Cluster analysis was used to understand the profile of intra urban territories in Salvador that are associated with severe food insecurity. The prevalence of food insecurity in Salvador was 40.96%, observing great difference among the macro-areas: Orla Atlântica (25.8%), Urban Consolidated Area (33.0%), Suburbs (45.7%) and Municipality (47.9%). For Salvador, the nine demographic and socioenvironmental factors analyzed showed association with LAI and/or MAHI: the person responsible for the household being female (LAI: OR 1.17; 95%CI 1.08-1.27; MAHI: OR 1.54; 95%CI 1.40-1.70), skin color different from white (LAI: OR 1.17; 95%CI 1.04-1.33; IAMG: OR 1.46; 95%CI 1.24-1.72), age group 30-59 years (IAL: OR 1.46; 95%CI 1.33-1.60; IAMG: OR 1.48; 95%CI 1.33-1.64), having up to four years of education (IAL: OR 2.00; 95%CI 1. 61-2.47; YMCI: OR 4.94; 95%CI 3.83- 6.35), per capita family income of up to 1/2 minimum wage (IAL: OR 2.62; 95%CI 2.37-2.93; YMCI: OR 4.03; 95%CI 3.53-4.60), presence of younger than 5 years in the household (IAL: OR 1.29; 95%CI 1.16-1.44; IAMG: OR 1.10; 95%CI 0.97-1.25), more than 2 inhabitants per bedroom (IAL: OR 1.16; 95%CI 1.05-1.29; IAMG: OR 1.46; 95%CI 1.30-1.63), intermittent water supply or no mains connection (IAL: OR 1.49; 95%CI 1.35-1.65; IAMG: OR 1.76; 95%CI 1.58-1.96), and consider the condition of the urban environment of the neighborhood where they live as bad (IAL: OR 1.57; 95%CI 1.36-1.81; IAMG: OR 2.03; 95%CI 1.73-2.38). The macro-areas presented different numbers of associated factors: Molo (nine), Suburban (eight), Urban Consolidated Area (seven), and Atlantic Rim (six). When analyzing the overlapping of demographic and socio-environmental factors, a socio-spatial segregation is perceived in the territory. Neighborhoods that had a greater accumulation of vulnerability factors presented the highest prevalence of severe food insecurity. Thus, the food insecurity situation is influenced by the territory and its infrastructure. Ensuring Food and Nutrition Security depends on multiple social, economic, household, cultural, and environmental determinations in order to be established. The analysis of man and his environment broadens the view to the dimension of territory, and the relationship with food insecurity contributes to better monitoring and actions aimed at ensuring food and nutrition security.
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13
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JOÃO PAULO DE OLIVEIRA RIGAUD
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Between hunger and the virus, the choice for life: an ethnography of the weavings between the phenomenon of hunger and the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Líder : LIGIA AMPARO DA SILVA SANTOS
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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JULIÁN LÓPEZ GARCÍA
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LIGIA AMPARO DA SILVA SANTOS
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MICHELI DANTAS SOARES
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Data: 22-dic-2021
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Resumen Espectáculo
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The phenomenon of hunger is characterised as one of the most expressive manifestations of social inequalities, projecting to us the idea that its symbolism and materiality are revealing of the way in which society manifests itself. The pandemic of COVID-19 shows the results of a health and political crisis arising from the unequal structures of the capitalist system, which generates and reproduces a constant precarization of life. In Brazil, the governmental management allied to the country's structural challenges increasingly aggravates the pandemic, having as a consequence an expressive number of people in a situation of hunger. In this context, the present study of a socio-anthropological nature aimed to understand the intermingling and intersections between the phenomenon of hunger and the pandemic of COVID-19 in Brazil. For this, it is affiliated to the studies of the Actor-Network Theory in the development of an ethnography in digital contexts. In order to deal with the heterogeneity of conflicts, spaces and narratives of hunger, it takes as a principle the use of multiple theoretical and methodological strategies to produce the empirical material that sustains this research. The results start from following the flows of events that emerged from the hunger in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic, for this purpose, the analyses are divided between three manuscripts based on distinct contexts. In a first moment, the analysis of the media discourses demonstrates the intentional reproduction of stigmas that continuously increase the vulnerability and invisibility of people in situations of hunger. Subsequently, the results show that the reality of hunger is segmented, tensioned and spectacularized from the projection of polyphonic media narratives. On the other hand, the ethnography developed in a peripheral community in the city of Salvador, Bahia demonstrates that vulnerable people build counter-hegemonic movements from the production in networks of a horizontal and daily solidarity, which escapes through dissident ways to the structures that imprison them. Finally, it is hoped that this study may contribute to the production of critical thinking in relation to the phenomenon of hunger, as well as influence the construction and implementation of public policies to alleviate poverty and promote Food and Nutrition Security, based on the promotion of the right to existence of all lives that persist despite the crisis and beyond hunger.
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Tesis |
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1
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FABINE CORREIA PASSOS
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RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN GROUPS OF GUT MICROBIOTA WITH CLINICAL AND IMMUNOLOGICAL MARKERS IN CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE
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Líder : GYSELLE CHRYSTINA BACCAN
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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GYSELLE CHRYSTINA BACCAN
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JAIRZA MARIA BARRETO MEDEIROS
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MARCELO BIONDARO GOIS
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MARIA ESTER PEREIRA DA CONCEICAO MACHADO
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RYAN DOS SANTOS COSTA
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Data: 18-feb-2021
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Resumen Espectáculo
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Gut microbiota is constituted by an abundant and diversified bacterial community, involved in structural, regulatory, metabolic and immunological activities. Imbalance of the microbiota alters the levels of immune mediators, changes the capacity to induce inflammation and can lead to systemic metabolic dysfunction. Changes in intestinal microbiota have been described in several diseases of the respiratory tract, however, in Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) the studies are limited. COPD is caused by the exposure or inhalation of harmful particles or gases and is characterized by chronic inflammation with respiratory and extra-respiratory consequences, being considered one of the main causes of mortality in the world. In addition, changes in nutritional status can impact the pathophysiology of the disease and contribute with worsening prognosis. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between relative abundance of specific groups of bacteria of the intestinal microbiota with the clinical, biochemical and immunological markers of COPD. This work was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Hospital Universitario Prof. Edgard Santos - UFBA (Number: 4.045.818). Participated in this study 38 patients and 38 controls, matched for sex and age between 50 and 70 years. All patients realized pulmonary function test with spirometry, 6-minute walk test and dyspnea assessment using the modified Medical Research Council scale and the BODE Index was calculated as a predictor of mortality. The classification of nutritional status was made by BMI. In addition, measurements of anthropometric indicators were performed, such as arm circumference and tricipital skinfold, following the techniques proposed by the WHO and the arm muscle circumference and arm muscle area were calculated. Venous blood was collected to determine triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL-C, LDL-C, fasting glycemia and to quantify cytokines TNF, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 and IL-12. The evaluation of the gut microbiota was carried out by extracting DNA from fecal samples and amplifying the RNAr 16S region using the qPCR technique. Results of this work were presented in form of three articles according to the internal regulations of the Programa de Pós-Graduação em Alimentação, Nutrição e Saúde. The data found indicate a relationship between anthropometric measurements, nutritional status and intestinal microbiota with COPD. The assessment of these aspects can contribute to the identification clinical conditions of patients.
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2
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FLAVIA PASCOAL RAMOS
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Analisys of the das National Conferences of Food and Nutrition Security in the ublic of ublic policy formulation. T
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Líder : SANDRA MARIA CHAVES DOS SANTOS
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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CLOVIS ROBERTO ZIMMERMANN
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LUCIENE BURLANDY CAMPOS DE ALCÂNTARA
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MARIA INÊS CAETANO FERREIRA
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SANDRA MARIA CHAVES DOS SANTOS
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SILVIA AMARAL RIGON
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SILVIA APARECIDA ZIMMERMANN
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Data: 03-may-2021
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Resumen Espectáculo
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ABSTRACT
The research, of the exploratory type, aims to analyze the contributions generated by the National Food and Nutrition Security Conference (NFNSC) for the elaboration of public policies, particularly in relation to programs of interest for the promotion of Food and Nutrition Security (FNS). This is a qualitative-quantitative research, whose qualitative part was developed through semi-structured interviews with seven members and former members of the National Food and Nutrition Security Council. Data analysis was based on thematic content analysis. For the quantitative part, documentary analysis was used, whose sources of information were the final reports and normative acts (convocations acts and regulations) of the five NFNSC held in Brazil in the period from 1994 to 2015. The research was divided into three phases: the first analyzed the data from the normative acts and reports, categorizing them into five groups: G1- Characterization of conferences; G2- Form of organization; G3- Rules for deliberation; G4- Inclusive potential; and G5- Outputs of the conference process. For the second, the recommendations for FNS public policies contemplated in the reports were analyzed. The third phase was carried out in two stages: the first consisted in the identification of recommendations directed to PNAE and the second consisted in the search for legislative projects that had thematic pertinence with the demands of the NFNSC to the mentioned Program in the 24 months after each event. Main results: most of the NFNSC aimed at proposing public policies, with the III NFNSC being the most propositional; a quota system was established as of the III NFNSC, expanding the participation of traditional peoples and communities; the NFNSC mobilized a large number of participants and municipalities; regarding the nature of the recommendations, 22% met the criterion of being propositional; all the classic dimensions of FNS, were object of recommendations in the whole of the NFNSC; food availability was the dimension with most recommendations, supported by the thematic categories of agrarian reform, strengthening family of agriculture and rural Credit Stimulus; in the last NFNSC the food consumption dimension stood out; a set of NFNSC recommendations for PNAE focused on transforming it into a public policy that contributes to guaranteeing the rights of school children; legislative bills were found relevant to 41.7% of the NFNSC recommendations for PNAE, indicating that there is convergence between the NFNSC and the Brazilian legislative agenda; two laws were approved during the studied period. The results reveal that although the NFNSC declare themselves as propositional, the analysis showed a low number of recommendations for public policies. However, it is important to point out that it was possible to identify the contributions of the NFNSC for the FNS agenda in Brazil, as well as the main recommendations for the PNAE. From all the results, it can be concluded that the CNSANs that took place constituted a social and political space of relevance for SAN in the country.
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3
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GIZANE RIBEIRO DE SANTANA
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Between doing and eating: an ethnography with street food workers in Recôncavo of Bahia
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Líder : LIGIA AMPARO DA SILVA SANTOS
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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LIGIA AMPARO DA SILVA SANTOS
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MONICA ANGELIM GOMES DE LIMA
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MÔNICA CHAVES ABDALA
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RYZIA DE CASSIA VIEIRA CARDOSO
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VIVIANE VEDANA
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Data: 07-may-2021
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Resumen Espectáculo
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The thesis focuses on the theme of street food, in order to understand the context and the meanings about the practices that surround the ways of making food and to commercialize them on public roads, based on an ethnographic study with workers of this trade, in Santo Antônio de Jesus, Recôncavo da Bahia. Although street food represents a relevant international socioeconomic construct and constitutes an object of transdisciplinary study, a significant part of the analyzes on this theme in Brazil, even in Latin America, is concentrated in the biomedical field, which often disregards the protagonism of workers in your searches. Distinctly, the present thesis analyzes a social microcosm of street food and inserts the social agents involved in this trade as translators of this phenomenon for research, using the dialogue between the Health and Nutrition Sciences and the Social and Human Sciences, to understand the object . These elements and the results achieved seek to contribute to offer other investigative perspectives on street food in Brazil. The products of the thesis thus include a book chapter and an essay, which go back to a 'state of the art'; and two more scientific articles from ethnographic empirical research. The chapter presents a literature review that aimed to analyze the theoretical and methodological approaches that underlie the production of knowledge in the field of street food in Brazil. When analyzing these different dimensions, it became evident that, regarding a replicating implication of the biomedical sciences and the microscopic perspective of analytical-comprehensive approaches, both can act in parallel and complementary ways, in order to think about the formation of a field of knowledge in the food of street that brings together a multidisciplinary perspective, but also steeped in empirical and historical knowledge. The first article, of an essayistic nature, brings a theoretical reflection about the process of institutionalizing street food in the fabric of a Western Modernity. In this discussion, it was problematized that the food trade in the urban space, expressed in the descriptor 'street food', emerged in Antiquity and was acquiring institutional contours when it was structured socially, economically and culturally, with the advent of modern society, under the which acts as a reframing element, but, at the same time, reshapes itself in the recurrent transformations of this Modernity. The next two articles derive from the ethnographic incursion into the city of Santo Antônio de Jesus, Recôncavo da Bahia, a territory chosen for convenience and, at the same time, for its economic importance in the region. The field phase lasted seven months, between 2018 and 2019. The empirical material produced, using the techniques of unstructured interviews, systematic observations, participants, field diary received through audio recordings and alternative sources (newspapers, books and sites), was treated according to the procedures described in Poupart et al. (2014) and Kaufman (2018). The gathered empirical corpus provided ethnographic descriptions, whose interpretative analysis followed the writings of Clifford Geertz (2008; 2014). From the appreciation of this material, analytical categories emerged, which reconfigured the direction of the thesis, namely, the micro-entrepreneur in street food, interpreted as the transition from street vendor to entrepreneur in street food in SAJ, which was discussed in the second article from the implementation and resonances around the intervention strategy: Programa SAJ Legal, which reproduced a neoliberal ideology, with the multiplication of precarious work mechanisms, which it “formalized” to regulate street food. The third article glimpsed the analogy between street vendors and artisans (Sennett, 2015), unveiled in the resourcefulness of complex manual craftsmanship, which involved skills, inherited knowledge and techniques learned, as well as cunning, strategies and social engagement, instilled in the work, performed by a family network. In this, the precariousness of street work was demarcated, including family members and underemployed people, as well as the contradiction implied in the responsibility of producing food, permeated by SAN and, at the same time, being in a place of social invisibility, in the face of this and other Brazilian public policies. From these analytical paths, the thesis gathered elements to unveil an invisible work process around street food, whose practices moved from the domestic space to the city, in the stages of acquisition, pre-preparation and cooking of the food. These practices, aggregators of knowledge and multiple actions, articulated mind and body, shaping itinerant artisans. The street food trade in SAJ, permeated by ideological mechanisms of state regulation, reproduced a scenario of precariousness in the world of work. When unveiling the context, caught between making and eating street food, the thesis also revealed that, although it collects a network complex to do in their work, street vendors and their families resonate as entities excluded from the legal labor regime and unassisted in terms of Health and Food and Nutritional Security, while public policies aimed at the segment, markedly, prioritize a supposed order, the safety and food safety for the consumer. Based on such understandings, it is concluded that street food requires inclusive policies and strategies, in which street vendors can act as active participants in the process.
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4
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RAMONA SOUZA DA SILVA BAQUEIRO BOULHOSA
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Development and validation of an instrument of Specific nutritional evaluation for patients with Advanced chronic hepatic disease
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Líder : ROSANGELA PASSOS DE JESUS
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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Valesca Dall'Alba
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Giliane Belarmino
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LILIAN BARBOSA RAMOS
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LOURIANNE NASCIMENTO CAVALCANTE
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ROSANGELA PASSOS DE JESUS
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Data: 09-jul-2021
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Resumen Espectáculo
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Malnutrition in patients with advanced chronic liver disease (ACLD) is multifactorial and is associated with a higher incidence of complications and mortality. Thus, early detection of nutritional disorders in these patients is necessary, in order to favor nutritional interventions that minimize the impact of these changes on the clinical course of the disease. However, the available screening and nutritional assessment tools have low sensitivity, since they underestimate the presence of malnutrition and detect it late. Objectives: Develop and validate the Specific Nutritional Evaluation – Advanced Chronic Liver Disease (SNE-ACLD); compare two nutritional screening tools – Nutritional Risk Screening (NRS-2002) and the Royal Free Hospital Nutritional Prioritization Tool (RFH-NPT) with the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) malnutrition diagnostic criteria; to verify the predictive capacity of mortality of different methods of screening and nutritional diagnosis in patients with ACLD. Method: The Delphi methodology was used to validate the content of the SNEACLD, based on the consensus of experts in the field of nutrition and hepatology. Adult and elderly patients with ACLD, hospitalized and outpatient, had their nutritional status assessed using the following methods: NRS-2002, RFH-NPT, Subjective Global Assessment (SGA), Arm Muscle Circumference (AMC), Skinfold triciptal (TSF) and SNE-ACLD. Results: The final version of the SNEACLD consists of 5 domains, 10 items, with scores ranging from 0 to 40. The new instrument showed good accuracy in identifying malnutrition. RFH-NPT showed better agreement with diagnosis according to GLIM criteria (k=0.64; 95%CI 0.52- 0.75), higher sensitivity (80%), higher negative predictive value (79%) and higher AUC ( 82.3%) compared to NRS-2002. In the sub-sample of hospitalized patients, malnutrition, diagnosed by the SGA, and high nutritional risk, identified by the RFH-NPT, were associated with longer hospital stays, in-hospital and 12-month mortality. Conclusion: The RFH-NPT is the nutritional screening method that has shown the best validity for identifying nutritional risk in patients with ACLD. SNEACLD can be used to assess the nutritional status of patients with ACLD, but other validation steps are needed to improve its performance in clinical practice.
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5
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MANUELA ALVES DA CUNHA
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Urban agriculture and Neglected and Underutilized Species in Salvador, Brazil: availability and potential for promoting Food and Nutrition Security
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Líder : RYZIA DE CASSIA VIEIRA CARDOSO
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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GALDINO XAVIER DE PAULA FILHO
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JOSANIDIA SANTANA LIMA
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LUIZ ENRIQUE VIEIRA DE SOUZA
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RYZIA DE CASSIA VIEIRA CARDOSO
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SANDRA MARIA CHAVES DOS SANTOS
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Data: 27-jul-2021
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Resumen Espectáculo
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With a growing offer of industrialized products, the consumption of vegetables has decreased and a low use of Neglected and Underutilized Species (NUS) has also been observed, the latter of which have potential for food diversification. In this context, urban agriculture has been pointed out as a considerable strategy to alleviate problems in cities, such as those related to food, as it is a growing activity that can be integrated into food and nutrition programs, contributing to Food and Nutrition Security (FNS). In the context of urban agriculture, despite the fragile recognition and appreciation, species of NUS can contribute to improving the nutritional quality of many families' diets. Therefore, this study sought to systematize information on urban agriculture and the availability of NUS in the city of Salvador, Brazil, considering the contribution of urban gardens and these species to the promotion of FNS. The work was developed through two activity axes: conducting a literature review, covering content related to the current dietary pattern of Brazilians, nutritional value and contribution of the NUS to the promotion of FNS, and a diagnostic study with field research in the city's urban gardens, including on-site visits for interviews with farmers and identification of NUS species. The bibliographic survey revealed that the NUS are rich in nutrients and can play an important role in the perpetuation of healthier eating habits, and that the incorporation of these vegetables in food policies and programs is an important strategy for promoting FNS. In the diagnostic study, 18 active gardens were located, of which 17 participated in the study: 8 community-based (UCG) and 9 private (UPG). Respondents had a mean age of 55.76 years, the majority (52.9%) were male and worked in UPGs (88.9%). Most of the gardens had been in operation for at least 13 years, the oldest being in operation for 67 years. For 52.9% of gardeners, work in the gardens was the main source of income. Cultivated food was consumed by 82.4% of the gardeners, but it was mainly destined for commercialization (carried out by 70.6% of the gardens) and, to a lesser extent, for donation (done by 47.1% of them). The production was sold through different channels, such as in the garden itself, in open markets and in small markets. Among the foods grown for sale, 16 types of vegetables and 14 types of fruits were mentioned. In the gardens, 59 types of NUS were found, which, for the most part, were born spontaneously. Out of those interviewed, 76.5%, mostly women, said they used 19 of these species in a range of culinary preparations, highlighting the use of Coleus amboinicus Lour., Eryngium foetidum L., Talinum fruticosum (L.) Juss. and Pereskia aculeata Mill. The results showed that the gardens have been promoting work and income for families and contributing to the food supply. Other than producing fresh food for the population, including species of NUS, the activity contributes to the balance of ecosystems and sustainable development. The findings reaffirm urban gardens as relevant spaces that should be included in public policies in order to promote FNS.
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6
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LAÍS SPÍNDOLA GARCÊZ
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Implications of eating habits on clinical and anthropometric conditions of patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease before and during the COVID-19 pandemic and development of a food frequency questionnaire for this population.
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Líder : LUCIVALDA PEREIRA MAGALHAES DE OLIVEIRA
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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LUCIVALDA PEREIRA MAGALHAES DE OLIVEIRA
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MARIA ESTER PEREIRA DA CONCEICAO MACHADO
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PRISCILA RIBAS DE FARIAS COSTA
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SHEILA MARIA ALVIM DE MATOS
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DJANILSON BARBOSA DOS SANTOS
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JERUSA DA MOTA SANTANA
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Data: 28-jul-2021
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Resumen Espectáculo
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Introduction: The occurrence of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) is generally associated with components of metabolic syndrome, such as abdominal obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Thus, individuals with NAFLD are also at a higher risk of complications if affected by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, whose resulting disease is known as COVID-19. Home confinement incurred during the current pandemic period has caused changes in eating behavior and made it more difficult to maintain healthy eating habits. Objective: Evaluate the implications of eating habits on clinical and anthropometric conditions of NAFLD patients, develop a Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) for this population and investigate the relationship between changes in food intake and sociodemographic factors related to weight variation during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A systematic review with meta-analysis was adopted to assess the effect of dietary interventions with different macronutrient compositions on attenuation of clinical and anthropometric parameters of individuals with NAFLD. Additionally, a longitudinal study evaluating 81 adults with NAFLD was carried out. Sociodemographic, anthropometric, physical exercise and food intake information was collected, using 24-hour recalls, during two periods: before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Diet composition was analyzed for the development of the FFQ, and foods that contributed up to 95% of energy, macronutrients and micronutrients of interest were selected from the information in the 24-hour recalls applied in the baseline. Mann-Whitney test was used to verify differences between medians, Spearman's correlation coefficient was used to calculate correlations and Fisher's exact test was used to assess associations. The significance level adopted in the tests was 5%. Results: The results of the systematic review and meta-analysis indicate that positive effects observed in the hepatic steatosis, clinical and anthropometric variables are more related to the use of low-calorie diets than to the use of dietary interventions reduced in lipids and/or carbohydrates. In the original study, baseline data revealed that the habitual food consumption of NAFLD patients is similar to the basic pattern of the Brazilian population, with a predominance of natural and minimally processed foods. A quantitative FFQ was created from the selection of 96 foods. In a later evaluation, during the COVID-19 pandemic, increased consumption of processed and ultra-processed foods was observed, along with a reduction in the consumption of natural and minimally processed foods, especially among patients with greater weight gain in the period. There was a high percentage of individuals who did not practice physical exercise before the pandemic, and this number was exacerbated during home confinement. Conclusion: More studies are needed with larger sample sizes and adequate methodological designs to more accurately identify the possible metabolic benefits of using dietary interventions, such as reduced lipids and/or carbohydrates, for patients with NAFLD; we expect that the proposed FFQ will become a useful tool in monitoring the dietary practices of this population. Finally, it is noteworthy that NAFLD patients had difficulty maintaining a healthy lifestyle, and this worsened during the pandemic period, as reflected by weight gain. This fact reinforces the importance of attention to individuals with liver disease, especially given the current circulation of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and the low vaccination coverage in Brazil.
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7
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MARIANA MARTINS MAGALHÃES DE SOUZA
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Strategies for the inclusion of shellfish from Todos os Santos Bay in school feeding
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Líder : RYZIA DE CASSIA VIEIRA CARDOSO
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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ELIETE DA SILVA BISPO
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MARIANGELA VIEIRA LOPES
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NORMA SUELY EVANGELISTA BARRETO
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ROGERIA COMASTRI DE CASTRO ALMEIDA
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RYZIA DE CASSIA VIEIRA CARDOSO
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Data: 05-ago-2021
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Resumen Espectáculo
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In Brazil, almost half of the seafood consumed comes from artisanal fishing. However, this activity is marked by historical processes of social exclusion. Furthermore, there is low consumption of seafood by the population, especially by children and adolescents. The possibility of purchasing artisanal seafood by the Food Acquisition Program for school meals is an important alternative that allows, simultaneously, to strengthen this production chain and promote healthy eating habits. Thus, this work sought to evaluate the development of strategies aimed at the inclusion of seafood from the biodiversity of the Todos os Santos Bay (TSB) in school meals. The work covered three axes, seeking to strengthen the artisanal fishing chain: characterization of the scenario of seafood consumption in school meals in Brazil; determination of proximate composition and fatty acid profile of unrecorded shellfish native to TSB; dissemination of knowledge about preparations with native seafood from TSB for school meals, along with social actors of school meals and artisanal fishing. In the country, it was found that policies to encourage the consumption of seafood and its inclusion in school meals have been implemented, coexisting cultural and operational challenges in achieving this objective. However, recent changes in the federal government's situation have resulted in the weakening of these policies. The literature describes studies aimed at the introduction of seafood in school meals, observing well-accepted preparations with minced fish and without the use of frying, contributing to a healthier diet. As for the composition of the shellfish, the species studied had a considerable protein content (from 9.44 to 19.75 g/100g), especially mangrove crab, which had a low lipid content (0.44 to 0.99 g/100g) and low energy value (50.22 to 89.37Kcal/100g.). Still, unsaturated fatty acids registered a higher proportion when compared to saturated ones, with eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) standing out among polyunsaturated ones. Based on field surveys and the search for seafood preparations in the literature, the use of ingredients that integrate the dietary habits of the TSB fishing communities was found, such as coconut milk and palm oil - the preparations most suggested by the participants were the “moqueca” (13.92%) and the frying pan (11.39%). Culinary workshops brought together the participants' practical knowledge with technical knowledge, adding quality to the elaborated foods. As for the preparations developed, the most acceptable were the “vatapá” of the Bay and the oyster frying pan - grade 5.0 each, being also the most caloric. The highest protein content was found in the mangrove crab sandwich filling (16.03g and 16.35g), while the highest levels of lipids were found in the “vatapá” of the Bay (18.49g and 14.59g), in the oyster frying pan. (14.69g and 13.78g). The strategies used for the inclusion of seafood in school meals proved to be relevant, since they allowed the value of popular cuisine preparations, with recognition and appreciation of local foods.
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8
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PERMÍNIO OLIVEIRA VIDAL JÚNIOR
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Beef, quality and safety: a study at the Santo Antônio de Jesus' fair - Bahia
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Líder : RYZIA DE CASSIA VIEIRA CARDOSO
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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CRISTIAN OLIVEIRA BENEVIDES SANCHES LEAL
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ISABELLA DE MATOS MENDES DA SILVA
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ITACIARA LARROZA NUNES
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MAURICIO COSTA ALVES DA SILVA
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ROGERIA COMASTRI DE CASTRO ALMEIDA
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RYZIA DE CASSIA VIEIRA CARDOSO
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Data: 21-oct-2021
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Resumen Espectáculo
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Beef is one of the most consumed foods and its quality is an important public health issue in informal markets. This study aimed to analyze the trade of fresh beef at the street market in Santo Antônio de Jesus, state of Bahia. This is an exploratory study carried out in three stages. In the first stage, using six electronic databases, a scientific literature review was carried out on the quality and safety of beef sold in the retail trade, methods used for quality evaluation and proposed interventions. In the second stage, seeking to characterize the issue of trade, food safety and quality of raw beef, a questionnaire was administered and meat samples were collected, which were submitted to a physical-chemical and microbiological evaluation, including: total coliform, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella spp counts. The third stage aimed to identify factors associated with consumer confidence. A quantitative study was conducted with consumers, using a questionnaire. Data were treated by descriptive statistics, Latent Class Analysis, regarding the outcome “trust” and/or “distrust” and application of a binary logistic regression model. Considering the first stage, thirty-three articles were included in the review. The methodological strategies used revealed inadequate conditions, neglects in several stages of processing and operations to maintain of quality. In the second stage, meat sellers were between 20 and 64 years of age, predominantly males (82.4%), with limited education and without professional training (64.7%). Medians for temperature and pH in the small butcher shops samples were 18.10°C and 5.75 respectively, and 21.80°C and 5.50, in supermarkets samples. The difference in pH was significant (p<0.05). The filtration test suggested quality changes in 17.65% of the samples. Total coliform counts medians were 4.90 and 4.78 log CFU/g, for the samples taken from butcher shops and supermarkets, respectively. E. coli was identified in approximately 40.0% of the samples, with medians for counts of 4.30 and 3.84 log CFU/g, for butcher shops and supermarkets, respectively. Salmonella spp. were confirmed in two samples. There was a significant association between inadequate storage conditions and microorganism counts (p<0.02). In the results of the third stage, meat purchase at the street market, increased by 3.25 times the chance (CI 1.05 - 10.04) of confidence in purchased meat, while not always buying at the same sales point reduced the chances of consumer confidence (OR 0.32; CI 0.14 - 0.71). In opinion questions, considering the meat to be unsafe and with unmet needs increased by 11.05 times (CI 3.45 - 35.37) the chance of dissatisfaction and mistrust, while unsafe feeling and family members’ health concerns reduced the chances (OR 0.07; CI 0.02 - 0.20). Furthermore, satisfaction and confidence chances increased 1.58 times (CI 1.01 – 2.49) among those who did not recognize the need for strategies to improve commerce. The results confirm a worrying scenario, a meat supply with preservation failures and non-compliance with hygienic requirements and the definition of a logistic model based mainly on loyalty practices and the establishment of trust in places and sales agents – a trust more likely built by cultural aspects rather than by specific product criteria.
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9
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CLAUDIA PATRICIA ALVAREZ CONTRERAS
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STREET FOOD AND FOOD SECURITY IN COLOMBIA: FROM THE STATE OF THE ART TO THE REALITY IN CARTAGENA DE ÍNDIAS
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Líder : RYZIA DE CASSIA VIEIRA CARDOSO
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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ALEXANDRA PAVA CÁRDENAS
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ENRIQUE ALFONSO CABEZA HERRERA
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CRISTIAN OLIVEIRA BENEVIDES SANCHES LEAL
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ROGERIA COMASTRI DE CASTRO ALMEIDA
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RYZIA DE CASSIA VIEIRA CARDOSO
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Data: 17-dic-2021
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Resumen Espectáculo
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The food trade on public roads is common in developing countries, representing work and income for part of the population, contributing to the supply of food and the preservation of the food culture. However, there are concerns about the health perspective and scientific gaps in Latin countries. Thus, this study aimed to analyze the phenomenon of street food in Colombia, from the perspective of food safety, considering the national scientific production, and the reality of the segment, in the Historic Center of Cartagena de Indias. The work was carried out observing two scenarios: a literature review on the street food trade in the country, considering its way of functioning, food safety and regulatory contexts; and a diagnostic study on street food in the Historic Center of Cartagena de Indias. The latter encompassed three perspectives: commerce, vendors, working conditions and food hygiene; microbiological quality of cut fruits; and consumption practices and consumer hygiene and risk perception. The review included 19 publications, which were evaluated in three dimensions: 1. Work and culture, with five studies (26.3%); 2. Hygiene and microbiological safety in the activity, with 11 publications (57.9%); 3. Public policies and regulation of the segment, which comprised three articles (15.8%). The results showed both the relevance of the segment for food safety and the concern with microbiological hazards, demanding strategies for better regulation and functioning, in the country, in order to protect the health of consumers. In the diagnosis of commerce, 90 salespeople were approached, with an average age of 45 years, 81.1% being men. Of the interviewees, 32.2% declared that they were between 21 and 30 years old in the activity, with an average working day of 12 hours/day - 43.3% did not have a license for the activity. The trucks (32.6%) were the most used sales structures, 84.4% did not have any public service, 90% had unlipped bins for garbage-79.3% reported daily cleaning of the points and the presence of animals and insects (15.6%). Foods with the highest sales were juices (25.2%) and sliced fruits (18.0%). The study confirms the economic and food importance of the segment, however, it reveals risks to food safety, demanding the attention of authorities. In the study on the microbiological safety of fruits, 40 samples were collected (16 from mango, 11 from papaya and 13 from watermelon), which were subjected to the following analyses: Most Probable Number of total and faecal coliforms, total count of mesophilic aerobics and of molds and yeasts. According to Colombian standards, almost all samples were non-compliant for total coliforms (39; 97.5%) and all were in disagreement for faecal coliforms (49; 100%), so they were considered unsafe for human consumption. The results revealed the need for the adoption of Good Production Practices by sellers, as well as the development of intervention strategies by public bodies. In the study with consumers, 90 respondents participated, mostly men (70%), single (44.4%), aged between 18 and 26 years (35.5%). Among respondents, 79.9% reported having a job or occupation; 70% consumed street food from childhood, and 42.2% consumed it occasionally. Easy access to food (28.8%) was one of the main reasons for consumption. Fried foods (51.1%) were the most consumed foods. For 94.4%, food could pose health risks; 52% trusted “sometimes” in the quality and hygiene of the fruit. The study revealed the nutritional and social importance of street food and the consumers' perception of risks. Based on the set of findings, the importance of street food in the social, economic and food security sphere is reaffirmed, making it essential to have policies that can recognize and support the segment.
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10
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EMILE MIRANDA PEREIRA
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“Food intake, anorexia nervosa and determinants of eating disorder risk behavior in adolescents”.
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Líder : MONICA LEILA PORTELA DE SANTANA
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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LUIZA AMELIA CABUS MOREIRA
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MONICA LEILA PORTELA DE SANTANA
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POLIANA CARDOSO MARTINS
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PRISCILA RIBAS DE FARIAS COSTA
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RENATA ALVES MONTEIRO
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Data: 17-dic-2021
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Resumen Espectáculo
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Introduction: Anorexia nervosa (AN) and risk behavior for eating disorders are considered important health problems in adolescents due to their emotional, psychosocial and physical consequences, which can be perpetuated until adulthood. Objective: To evaluate the relationship between food consumption, anorexia nervosa and risky behavior for eating disorders, as well as to describe the factors associated with this risky behavior in adolescents. Methodological considerations: This thesis comprises studies obtained from secondary and primary data. The secondary study is a scope review reported in accordance with the recommendations of the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) and evaluated the association between anorexia nervosa, restrictive eating behavior (REB) and food consumption in children and adolescents. For the primary studies, a cross-sectional design carried out in Salvador-Bahia was adopted. The primary study sample was obtained using the simple random sampling without replacement (AASs) selection technique. The selection of schools was carried out using the conglomerate sampling procedure in two stages (1) schools and (2) classrooms. The sample size was 1,494 students, of both sexes, from the state public education system in Salvador. Data were collected in the school environment from July to December 2009. The Eating Attitudes Test-26 (EAT-26) was used to investigate risk behavior for eating disorders. The Body Image Questionnaire (BSQ) assessed satisfaction with body image. Dietary data were obtained using the Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). Demographic, socioeconomic, anthropometric status, omission of breakfast, adoption of fasting, and extreme weight control behavior (self-induced vomiting, use of laxatives, diuretics, and weight loss medications) were collected. Descriptive data analysis was performed to characterize the study population and structural equation analysis was adopted to assess factors associated with risk behavior for eating disorders. For analysis of food consumption, dietary data were submitted to the principal components method and subsequently performed generalized linear Poisson model adjusted for covariates (gender, anthropometric status, body image and sexual maturation) to analyze the association between dietary pattern and risk behavior for eating disorders. Analyzes were conducted using Mplus 8.5 and R version 4.1.1 software. Results: Three manuscripts were developed. The first article refers to the scope review that included 24 studies. Similarities in food consumption in children and adolescents with AN/ REB were identified: lower intake of calories and macronutrients, especially fats and certain micronutrients, as well as lower intake of low-quality snacks, fast food, sweets and foods with high carbohydrate and fat content. Greater intake of caffeine, fiber, vegetables and fruits was also recorded. Also, the intake of meat, poultry, fish and eggs groups was related to adolescents with REB. When evaluating the healthy eating index, it was detected the need to improve the quality of the diet among the participants. The results of the second manuscript recorded a prevalence of 15.2% of risk behavior for eating disorders and a direct association between anthropometry, extreme weight control behavior, adoption of fasting, skipping breakfast and sex, and risk behavior for eating disorders. No association was identified between age, body image, economic status and EAT-26. The third manuscript retained three western food patterns (sweets, carbonated drinks, soft drinks, fast food, other dairy products, cheeses, typical dishes and bakery); traditional (noodles, vegetables/vegetables, cereals, roots, fruits, meat/eggs and beans) and mixed (oils/fats, sugar, milk, rice and bread) which together explained 48.06% of the total variance in food consumption. Adherence to the highest tertiles of these patterns was associated with an increase in the final risk behavior score for eating disorders, while adherence to the moderate tertile of the traditional pattern was inversely associated with the EAT-26 score. Conclusion: Children and adolescents with AN/REB reduce the intake of calories, nutrients and foods that are sources of fat and carbohydrates, in addition to increasing the intake of fruits, vegetables/vegetables, fiber and caffeine. Also, a relationship between intake of protein-rich food groups and REB was identified. The analysis of the a priori dietary pattern found an intermediate score of diet quality among adolescents. Still, an important prevalence of risk behavior for eating disorders was recorded and sex, anthropometry and behavioral factors are directly associated with the EAT-26, but no relationship was detected between age, body image and economic status and dysfunctional behaviors. Furthermore, adolescents who adhere to Western, traditional and mixed eating patterns in the highest tertiles increase the final score of risk behavior for eating disorders, except for adherence to the moderate tertile of the traditional pattern. Thus, it is expected to contribute to the development of prevention strategies for risky behaviors for eating disorders and promote the adoption of healthier eating practices in adolescence.
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