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Dissertations |
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1
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Ítalo Rosário de Freitas
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS IN ISLAND TOURIST ENVIRONMENTS AND ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF CAIRU BA
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Advisor : PAVEL DODONOV
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COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
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PAVEL DODONOV
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PAULO EDUARDO DE OLIVEIRA
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IAN REQUIÃO DE CASTRO
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Data: Mar 31, 2023
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Show Abstract
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This dissertation addresses the theme of Environmental Problems in Insular Environments and Environmental Management in the municipality of Cairu-BA, choosing as a research problem “environmental problems, loss of biodiversity, inadequate final disposal of waste, solids, disorderly urban growth and lack of basic sanitation , which have been occurring in recent decades”. The research's guiding questions are the following: what environmental problems have been increasing in recent decades in the municipality of Cairú, Bahia? Is there a relationship between the absence of public policies for environmental management in the municipality of Cairu-Bahia and the occurrence of environmental problems? The research had the following specific objectives: To identify the environmental problems that have occurred in recent decades in the municipality of Cairu-Bahia; to assess the main laws that are related to environmental management in the municipality of Cairu, Bahia, in the last decades. The analysis of the research data does not allow us to safely state that the environmental problems that occur in Cairu are related to the absence of public policies for environmental management, but it identifies weaknesses in tourism management that may contribute to the development of these problems.
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2
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ERICA LIMA FERREIRA
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USE OF CONSTRUCTED WETLAND SYSTEMS IN THE BIOREMEDIATION OF ORGANOCHLORINE AND NITROAROMATIC COMPOUNDS
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Advisor : GILSON CORREIA DE CARVALHO
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COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
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ALESSANDRA ARGOLO DO ESPIRITO SANTO
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GILSON CORREIA DE CARVALHO
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ICARO THIAGO ANDRADE MOREIRA
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Data: Apr 24, 2023
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Show Abstract
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Organochlorines and nitroaromatics are organic compounds that are relevant in terms of environmental risks due to their toxicity and persistence. These compounds are resistant to chemical or biological oxidation and hydrolysis. The increase in industrialization, population growth, and agricultural activities has contributed to the contamination of the environment by these compounds. Contamination is linked to the disposal of agricultural products, drugs, polymers, and pigment residues. Therefore, finding tools for the treatment of contaminated environments has become increasingly necessary. One of these tools is the use of constructed wetlands, which have the ability to improve the quality of contaminated water through biological, chemical, and physical processes. The first chapter systematically reviewed the literature on the use of constructed wetlands in the bioremediation of organochlorine and nitroaromatic compounds. Articles selected by inclusion and exclusion criteria obtained from the Web of Science and Scopus databases were analyzed. 24 indexed journal articles that evaluated different ways of using wetlands were selected. Information on the construction patterns of the systems (species used, construction material, dimensions, and achieved treatment efficacy) was compiled. The second chapter presents a report of the results of a knowledge co-production with the productive sector. A pilot system of constructed wetlands in a deactivated industrial site with environmental liability of groundwater contamination was monitored for the growth of plant species and contamination of plant tissues. The report aimed to evaluate the vigor of plant populations and the ecological risk of plant use. It was concluded that the plants used established vigorous populations in the treatment systems and that some contaminants, especially anilines/chloroanilines and nitrochlorobenzenes, present considerable ecological risk in real treatment systems and should be evaluated in plant tissues to ensure environmental safety in the application of these systems.
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3
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Sara Santos Araújo Jabaly
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CADASTRO ESTADUAL DE IMÓVEIS RURAIS PARA PROPRIETÁRIOS RURAIS: PRINCIPAIS DESAFIOS DE IMPLEMENTAÇÃO NO ESTADO DA BAHIA
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Advisor : EDUARDO MARIANO NETO
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COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
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DARY MOREIRA GONCALVES RIGUEIRA
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EDUARDO MARIANO NETO
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JOSÉ AMORIM DOS REIS FILHO
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Data: Jun 30, 2023
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Show Abstract
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The State Forest Registry of Rural Property (CEFIR) established by the New Forest Code (Law n°. 12,651/2012) is an electronic record that integrates environmental information from rural properties and possessions, constituting a database used in monitoring, planning environment and economy and the fight against deforestation in Bahia. Despite its recent creation, its implementation process in the state still faces several challenges, ranging from CEFIR's administrative processes to difficulties in accessing information about CEFIR in rural areas. Among the challenges, it was decided to analyze in detail the implementation of the instrument in the state, based on the perception of rural landowners about this instrument of environmental management. Identified the problems of understanding the information about the CEFIR standardizations, in the bibliographic and field research for owners, the objective was to improve the understanding of the CEFIR system through Environmental Education, through the production of a booklet with accessible language to rural landowners, in order to subsidize its implementation in Bahia in favor of environmental conservation in the state. For data collection, current CEFIR references were used, with the support of scientific literature, documents, interviews, bulletins, and booklets that made the work more robust. The data, in general, revealed the existence of lack of access to information and understanding about CEFIR in the rural area of Bahia, in which despite the mandatory registration, most rural owners do not know what the tool is about, its objectives and benefits, alleging lack of clear information. In addition, the same difficulties for environmental laws were also observed, factors pointed out in the literature, which may impact the agility of the CEFIR implementation process in Bahia. In addition, CEFIR is an important environmental management instrument to assist in the process of regularizing rural properties and possessions, in addition to contributing to the formulation of public policies related to the recovery of degraded areas, conservation of natural resources and protection of biodiversity.
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4
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LUZIA LUNA PAMPONET
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Ecology at the fair: knowledge exchange and science showcase
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Advisor : MARINA SIQUEIRA DE CASTRO
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COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
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EDONILCE DA ROCHA BARROS
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MARINA SIQUEIRA DE CASTRO
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MATHEUS EDUARDO TRINDADE SANTOS
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Data: Jul 5, 2023
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Show Abstract
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The agroecological fairs held in Salvador form a heterogeneous scenario, with different approaches to the complex relationships that are part of Agroecology. To study this scenario, this work sought parameters for a general characterization of the fairs, with reference to the six dimensions of agroecology (Caporal and Costabeber, 2002): ecological, economic, social, cultural, political, and ethical. The methodological procedure used was narrative review, followed by field investigation, with the application of semi-structured interviews in 12 fairs in the city of Salvador, with qualitative analysis of the scenario. The literature presents agroecological fairs not only as spaces for selling ecologically based food but also committed to multiple dimensions, with integration into short chains (spatial and relational proximity), a family-based work foundation, objectives of food and nutrition security, solidarity economy, organized political movements, ethical relationships, and a cultural environment oriented towards awareness, education, and exchanges. The results suggest that the perspective of countering the conventional food system is present in the fairs of Salvador, although practices demonstrate different levels of commitment to agroecological paradigms. While challenges were identified, the prioritization of family farming and the predominance of direct sales in short-cycle chains were positively detected, as well as the potential environment for science popularization. The outcome of this work was an e-book on the agroecological fairs of Salvador and the popularization of science.
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5
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JOÃO BOSCO CAVALCANTI RAMALHO
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The Environmental Dimension in Agroecological Technical Assistance and Rural Extension (ATER) Actions in Bahia
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Advisor : MARINA SIQUEIRA DE CASTRO
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COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
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Fábio Lúcio Martins Neto
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Luis Geraldo Leão Guimarães
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MARINA SIQUEIRA DE CASTRO
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Data: Jul 5, 2023
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Show Abstract
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According to the latest agricultural census, Bahia has around 700,000 Family Farmers. The state, aiming to assist part of this contingent, carries out public calls for the hiring of entities, NGOs, or companies that demonstrate technical and operational capacity to provide Rural Extension services. In compliance with the requirements of the National Policy for Technical Assistance and Rural Extension (PNATER), Law 12,188/2010, and its derivatives in the states, these public calls give preference to a technological framework focused on sustainable or agroecological agriculture. The objective of this work is to analyze whether the state of Bahia, as a promoter of legally stipulated Rural Extension, aiming to adopt the principles of ecologically based agriculture as the preferred approach for the development of sustainable production systems with actions focused on the use, management, protection, conservation, and recovery of natural resources, agroecosystems, and biodiversity, can measure the environmental outcomes of this Agroecological Rural Extension. Additionally, it aims to contribute with ecological parameters in the public call notices, suggest training for extension workers and farmers, and contribute to safeguarding the environmental conservation of ecosystems where rural properties are located. This study involves a documentary analysis of the Call Notice for the provision of Agroecological Rural Extension services in 2018 and the delivery reports of the Extension Service Providers approved in the call, with the intention of observing the favorable aspects of the project's execution and areas that require further clarification. This case study demonstrates a weakness regarding the lack of ecological and environmental knowledge in the provision of Agroecological Rural Extension services in Bahia, as evidenced by the analyzed public call. Two products were generated: a document with suggestions and recommendations regarding the Ecological/Environmental dimension of the Agroecological Rural Extension Call Notices, to be delivered to Bahiater (the public entity responsible for the call notices), and a chapter titled "Agroecological Rural Extension" in a forthcoming book in its final editing phase, titled "Dossier on Pesticides in Bahia," by the Bahian Forum for Combating Pesticides, Transgenics, and Agroecology. INGLÊS:
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6
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CARLOS ANDRÉ TEIXEIRA
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PRINCIPLES FOR PARTICIPATORY SOCIO-ENVIRONMENTAL RESTORATION IN CAATINGA PHYTOGEOGRAPHIC DOMAINS
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Advisor : GILSON CORREIA DE CARVALHO
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COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
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ALESSANDRA ARGOLO DO ESPIRITO SANTO
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ANDREA CARDOSO VENTURA
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GILSON CORREIA DE CARVALHO
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Data: Jul 13, 2023
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Show Abstract
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The general objective of this study was to elaborate the environmental diagnosis of a rural community in areas of occurrence of the Lear's Macaw in the locality called Malhador da Jurema, inserted in the hydrographic basin of the river Itapicuru, municipality of Canudos, in the semi-arid region of Bahia from the perspective of mitigation by land use and occupation (cultivation of crops, animal husbandry, plant extraction activities and other forms of production). The methodology was carried out through field campaigns for the application of Community Environmental Management Workshops; sampling of surface and underground water; of soil; vegetation; and conducting interviews with rural landowners in the communities. The area to be restored was mapped and georeferenced using images captured by drone. The environmental diagnosis identified that the forms of use related to human activities developed on typically family-owned rural properties, combined with semi-arid climatic conditions, contributed to enhance the processes of gradual loss of ecosystem services. Since the removal of the native vegetation cover, followed by the processes of land use and occupation, associated with local environmental, socioeconomic, cultural and historical conditions, potentiated the carrying away of the surface layers of the soil, silting up of water bodies, loss of the productive capacity of the soil and disappearance of local flora and fauna species. Allied to these factors, there is a reduction in water availability, contamination of surface water and soil salinization and, finally, a reduction in the quality of life of local populations. It is concluded, given this scenario, that there is a demand for the construction of sustainable actions that take into account all these weaknesses, pointed out by the environmental diagnosis, so that a new reality is built guiding a restoration model that is not only ecological, but an ecological restoration and socio-environmental that contributes to a sustainable territorial organization. Where human factors can be the foundation for the success of landscape restoration processes in caatinga phytogeographic domain environments, which suffers most intensely from the effects of climate change and human activities.
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7
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MARESSA DE LACERDA VIEIRA
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A proposal for the rehabilitation of the Massaranduba stream (Camaçari, Bahia).
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Advisor : EDUARDO MENDES DA SILVA
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COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
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JUAN STERFAN PEREIRA CAMPOS
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EDUARDO MENDES DA SILVA
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GILBERTO GONÇALVES RODRIGUES
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Data: Jul 14, 2023
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Show Abstract
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The present work aims to propose strategies for the rehabilitation of the permanent preservation areas of the Massaranduba stream, located in the Parque Verde III neighborhood, Camaçari, based on the experience of the Project Guardians of Waters of the Joanes and Jacuípe rivers. The assessment of the water and ecological conditions of the Massaranduba Creek and its APP was carried out using the Forest State Index on a local scale at 4 points along the water course through field visits, interviews with community leaders and technicians of the Municipality of Camaçari, in addition to the analysis of secondary data. This evaluation indicated that the hydro-ecological quality of the stream starts from a bad condition at its source, with high fragmentation and several altered attributes, to an excellent condition in the south region of the neighborhood, less anthropized. Allied with this diagnosis, it was verified that the area of Massaranduba Creek is in the process of litigation, the occupation of the neighborhood took place without urban planning, and the performance of the municipal management is limited. Based on this context, actions were proposed to rehabilitate the Massaranduba APP, involving planting, fencing, signaling, environmental payment services, and environmental education.
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8
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Nina Couto Bahia
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General Recommendations for Integrated Fire Management in Atlantic Forest Protected Areas
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Advisor : PAVEL DODONOV
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COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
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GABRIEL BARROS GONCALVES DE SOUZA
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JULIANA HIPOLITO DE SOUSA
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PAVEL DODONOV
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Data: Sep 12, 2023
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Show Abstract
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Many ecosystems around the world are affected by forest fires, which pose a major threat to human health and affect the global climate. The importance and impacts of forest fires vary between ecosystems, which can be dependent on fire, benefiting from fires to maintain their biodiversity and ecological processes, or sensitive to fire. In Brazil, different biomes respond differently to fire occurrence and some, such as the Amazon and Atlantic Forests, may be more vulnerable than others. Therefore, strategies that may make sense in fire-dependent biomes are not suitable for fire-sensitive biomes. The Atlantic Forest is a fire-sensitive ecosystem and like most species of tropical forests, it does not tolerate burning, which can lead to biodiversity loss and impair ecosystem processes and services.
On the other hand, fire is widely recognized as an economical tool for land management. Even so, forest fire fighting and suppression policies imposed by governments in many countries ignored the perspectives and interests of social groups such as indigenous peoples and local farmers, resulting in conflicts. However, more recently the scenario of fire management began to change and this element became a strategy for preventing or fighting catastrophic fires. Thus, integrated fire management stands out as an adaptive, transdisciplinary forest management strategy based on reducing the damage caused by fire and increasing its benefits.
As the amount of research carried out on this subject differs between countries, our study aimed to identify how research on fire management compares between Brazil and Canada, comparing the number of publications on fire management over time, analyzing the types of studies and the main themes of the studies and comparing the research on fire management among the different biomes found in our study countries, through a bibliometric analysis. The number of publications increased over time in both countries. In Brazil, the most prominent theme was "policy and management", whereas in Canada studies related to climate change appeared more frequently. Studies of different types were well distributed in the Cerrado and Amazon biomes. Therefore, we propose some recommendations for future research on fire management in Brazil, such as giving more attention to biomes that were underrepresented in our review, especially the Atlantic Forest; encourage such research through funding agencies as well as individual researcher initiatives; and research on traditional fire management and co-production with different stakeholders involved in this topic, as this can provide important insights into the best approaches for integrated fire management in different ecosystems.
In the second chapter, we aimed to provide a theoretical basis and recommendations for fire management in protected areas with Atlantic Forest, focusing on the state of Bahia.
Protected areas are important for the vegetation conservation strategy and protection of the area, but although there are legal instruments to support their creation, plans and strategies are needed that involve the different stakeholders and the surrounding community. However, when it comes to private properties there is no general fire management strategy. We therefore suggest actions based on the scientific literature to be applied in and involving prevention and restoration in protected areas with Atlantic Forest.
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9
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ANDREIA MORAES FERREIRA
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IDENTIFICATION OF WOOD FROM CAATINGA SPECIES BANNED FROM LOGGING: A RESOURCE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING
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Advisor : LAZARO BENEDITO DA SILVA
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COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
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GILSON CORREIA DE CARVALHO
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LAZARO BENEDITO DA SILVA
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MARCELO DOS SANTOS SILVA
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MARGARETH PEIXOTO MAIA
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Data: Sep 21, 2023
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Show Abstract
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The botanical identification of plant species is a complex task, which requires in-depth knowledge in the area of biology, especially in plant anatomy. The rich Brazilian forest diversity makes this a more difficult job, as there is much of its flora to be known. The deficiency in the identification of native species constitutes an imminent problem, as it affects the effectiveness of a species protected by law from another with sustainable cutting. Given the above, the anatomy of wood becomes an indispensable mechanism, as it helps in the process of identification and conservation of species. And for that, wood anatomy studies the different types of cells that make up the secondary xylem, their functions, organization and peculiarities. Thus, this work aims to identify and characterize the anatomical components of the four wood species native to the caatinga of Bahia, Anadenanthera colubrina (Vell.) Brenan var.cebil (AngicoBranco), Anadenanthera peregrina (L.) Spreng (Angico Vermelho), Schinopsis brasiliensis English (Braúna da caatinga) and Myracrodruon urundeuva Allemão (Aroeira), which are protected by law and/or at risk of extinction, in different degrees of threat, using two conservation biology strategies: reducing anthropic actions of plant extinction through knowledge of the species and develop practical practices to prevent the decline of floristic biodiversity. In this perspective, we will use the method usually used in wood anatomy studies, the IPT handout to define the general and macroscopic anatomy characteristics of the wood. And as a result of this work, we will bring the production of an auxiliary tool (Species Identification Guide), which will contribute to the identification of the secondary xylem, during the process of environmental inspection, in loco, of these species, which are protected by law, according to the CEPRAM Resolution 1009 of December 6, 1994, in Vigência, which: Determine the monitoring of cutting, storage and transmission of four species of the caatinga of Bahia, under study in this project. With this, it is intended to enable the protection of species originating from the caatinga, supported by legislation, from the macroscopic identification of the wood. Also, provide an apparatus, such as an identification guide, to be used by inspectors and environmental agencies that deal with the illegal cutting of trees under an environmental protection regime
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10
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CLARISSA PEREIRA GUNÇA DOS SANTOS
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MANAGEMENT OF RECYCLABLE WASTE IN THE CITY OF SALVADOR/BA: a proposal to create a business with socio-environmental impact of selective collection in condominiums
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Advisor : JEAMYLLE NILIN GONCALVES
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COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
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LAIZE LANTYER LUZ
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JEAMYLLE NILIN GONCALVES
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LUIZA REIS TEIXEIRA
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Data: Oct 19, 2023
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Show Abstract
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The high generation of solid waste by current societies and the lack of proper disposal has generated a major environmental impact on soil, water and air. Cities all over the world have been facing the problems of mismanagement of solid waste, and the expansion of waste recovery methods through recycling and composting is still a major challenge. This is also the reality in Brazil, which has a very high volume of solid waste production and cannot recycle even 4% of the total produced. Selective collection initiatives in Brazilian municipalities are insufficient, as is the case in the city of Salvador, where less than 3 kg of recyclable materials are recovered annually per inhabitant. In this scenario, this project proposes the creation of a business with a socio-environmental impact based on ecological precepts for condominiums in prime areas in the city of Salvador/BA, in order to contribute to the reduction of recyclable materials disposed of in landfills.
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11
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GLEIDANE DE FREITAS SOUZA
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The transformation of the rural landscape through cassava cultivation (Manihot esculenta Crantz): the case of the rural community of Fazenda Campos in Amélia Rodrigues, Bahia
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Advisor : MARINA SIQUEIRA DE CASTRO
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COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
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Fábio Lúcio Martins Neto
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MARINA SIQUEIRA DE CASTRO
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MATHEUS EDUARDO TRINDADE SANTOS
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Data: Oct 23, 2023
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Show Abstract
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The change in the landscape can be understood as the result of various transformations arising from natural factors or due to human activity. Agricultural systems, especially those shaped from the perspective of traditional and modernized agriculture, are the main modifiers of the rural landscape, as the interaction between humans and the land can have various consequences for the environment. Thus, understanding how the modification of the rural landscape occurs through agricultural practice, and understanding how this space is constructed, is an increasingly discussed necessity. For family farming, these changes were exacerbated after the "modernization of agriculture," driven by the so-called Green Revolution movement, which brought technological advances to the field driven by capital, influencing the landscape and its practices and traditions. As an alternative to these changes, agroecology emerges as an alternative to reclaim traditional knowledge, bringing a new perspective to agriculture, and seeking to promote environmentally and socially sustainable development, based on a harmonious relationship between humans and the land. Thus, the research investigated the effect of agricultural activity, based on traditional cassava cultivation, on the transformation of the rural landscape in the Fazenda Campos community, municipality of Amélia Rodrigues, Bahia, using quantitative and qualitative methods. Methodologically, semi-structured questionnaires, interviews, searches for photographic records, reports, and literature addressing the history of the region were used, as well as the creation of social maps and land use and land cover maps with geoprocessing. In general, the results, based on land use and land cover maps and questionnaires, demonstrate an increase in forested areas in the Fazenda Campos community and provide the visual perspective of farmers on these areas. It is also possible to observe the traditional nature of cassava cultivation in the community and how the history of the formation of the community's territory influences changes in family farming and, consequently, the transformation of the rural landscape, with farming families responsible for maintaining biodiversity and environmental conservation through their productive backyards. In this way, agroecology, through cultivation systems that embody its principles, such as Agroforestry Systems, emerges as a path to the recovery of degraded areas and the promotion of alternative agricultural practices, with a focus on dialogue with traditional knowledge, society, and the environment, without losing the local characteristics of production, as exemplified by cassava cultivation.
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12
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ALEXSANDRA TOSTA DOS SANTOS OLIVEIRA
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PROPOSITION OF A MANUAL OF GOOD PRACTICES FOR SELECTION AND PRESENTATION OF LOCATIONAL ALTERNATIVES FOR LINEAR PROJECTS
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Advisor : BRUNO VILELA DE MORAES E SILVA
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COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
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BRUNO VILELA DE MORAES E SILVA
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DARY MOREIRA GONCALVES RIGUEIRA
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FERNANDO PIRES DOS SANTOS
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Data: Nov 7, 2023
Ata de defesa assinada:
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Show Abstract
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Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is an environmental policy and management instrument designed to balance the need to use natural resources and maintain environmental quality at acceptable standards. When conducting an environmental assessment for a project site, it is necessary to explore location alternatives, which must be presented in the Environmental Impact Study, as required by Article 5 of CONAMA resolution 01/86. In theory, locational alternatives must respect environmental restrictions and adapt to the support capacity of the intended environment. However, several authors indicate flaws in the way locational alternatives are presented, such as the absence or poor comparison of alternatives, low quality in studies, impractical alternatives, among others. This work sought to propose a model to guide the selection and presentation of alternative locations for linear projects (Transmission Lines, Highways, Railways and Pipelines), which are major causes of environmental and social impacts. The proposal includes comparative criteria and recommendations for good practices. The research took place based on the following steps: i) elaboration of criteria (based on literature) for evaluating the presentation of alternatives in EIAs; ii) selection of environmental studies available at SEIA; iii) comparison between best practice criteria and the presentation of alternatives from selected studies; iv) proposal of a Good Practices Manual with guidelines for the selection and presentation of locational alternatives to be discussed in the EIA, taking into account environmental, social and economic aspects. From the application of the 26 criteria elaborated in the 17 EIA's found in SEIA (INEMA), it was possible to attest the weaknesses previously pointed out in the literature, such as the lack of participation of all interested parties in the selection process, lack of discussion of the alternative of not installing of the project, unsatisfactory number of alternatives and superficial discussion of the alternatives presented. In this way, it can be stated that the choice of the alternative has been made even before the environmental impact assessment process, with no prior planning or research on the weaknesses and capabilities of the intended location, thus leaving it up to the EIA to carry out the diagnosis of the location, something that is not its function. In this context, an alternative to remedy or mitigate these weaknesses, in addition to a more rigorous assessment by the licensing body, is to provide a guiding document containing instructions for the selection and presentation of better-quality locational alternatives in EIAs. As a response to this need, this work has developed a manual that offers numerous suggestions covering environmental, social and economic aspects, comparative criteria and recommendations for the selection of locational alternatives for linear developments, as well as their presentation in the EIA. We expect that, based on the application of this manual, new projects will be designed with comprehensive planning that addresses not only technological and economic issues but also environmental and social issues.
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13
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ROBERT SILVA GOMES
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Importance of Conservation of Green Areas and Creation of Protected Areas in Urban Zones: A Study of Brazilian Capitals in the Atlantic Forest Biome
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Advisor : MARGARETH PEIXOTO MAIA
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COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
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CÁSSIO MARCELO SILVA CASTRO
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BLANDINA FELIPE VIANA
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MARGARETH PEIXOTO MAIA
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Data: Nov 23, 2023
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Show Abstract
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In cities, what little remains of the remaining Atlantic Forest vegetation survives in conservation units, green areas, urban parks and/or small forest fragments that guarantee the conservation of biodiversity, the shelter of endemic species threatened with extinction, the interactions, functions and ecological processes, in addition to providing ecosystem services for the well-being of society. Data from the Atlantic Forest Atlas (SOS Mata Atlântica & INPE, 2022) reveal a dramatic situation: of the total 69,328 ha of the total area of the municipality of Salvador (BA), only 3,363 ha have remnants of Atlantic Forest, which corresponds to only 9.75% of its territory. Among the 16 Brazilian capitals that are under the control of this biome, Salvador occupies 14th place. Therefore, the present work consists of characterizing the importance of conserving green areas and creating protected areas in urban areas, evaluating the percentage of Atlantic Forest Remnants under the protection of Integral Protection Conservation Units (UCs) in Brazilian capitals under the domain of the biome and develop a practical application in the form of an interactive map to promote ecological and cultural tourism in the city of Salvador (BA). The study seeks to strengthen awareness about the maintenance of green areas in urban areas and provide subsidies for the formulation and improvement of municipal public policies and other conservation strategies for the remaining Atlantic forest.
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14
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LILIANA SILVEIRA SANTOS SILVA
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The Degradation of Urban Beaches in Salvador, Bahia: A Favorable Context for Multidisciplinarity in Basic Education in the Public System.
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Advisor : LUISA MARIA DIELE VIEGAS COSTA SILVA
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COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
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FRANCISCO KELMO OLIVEIRA DOS SANTOS
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FRANCISMARE OLIVEIRA DE AMORIM
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LUISA MARIA DIELE VIEGAS COSTA SILVA
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Data: Nov 24, 2023
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Show Abstract
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Ocean Culture, also known as Ocean Literacy, seeks to educate society about the importance of oceans and promote ocean environmental awareness. In Brazil, the term has been adapted to 'Ocean Culture' and aims to incorporate ocean science content into formal education. However, threats to coastal ecosystems are complex and challenging for the general public to comprehend. Environmental Education plays a significant role in addressing these issues, allowing students to better understand environmental problems and develop critical thinking.The purpose of this work is to bring Ocean Culture to public schools in Salvador, focusing on issues related to coastal ecosystems, especially urban beaches. The goal is to provide a multidisciplinary education that encourages the development of ocean environmental awareness and active participation in solving environmental problems. The educational materials developed include a teaching sequence for the study of urban beaches and a field trip guide to Pituba Beach. The multidisciplinary approach incorporates content from Biology, Geography, and Geomorphology, with the aim of identifying environmental disturbances, proposing interventions, and assessing their feasibility from different perspectives. In this way, this work emphasizes the importance of ocean and coastal ecosystems, the impacts of human activities, and the need to educate future generations about Ocean Culture and the importance of conserving marine environments.
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15
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MARIANA GONDIM PEREIRA
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Conservation on “Parque Marinho da Barra”: a Hierarchical Model to Guide Environmental Policies, Strategies and Actions |
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Advisor : CLAUDIO RICARDO MARTINS DOS REIS
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COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
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CLAUDIO RICARDO MARTINS DOS REIS
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JOSÉ RODRIGUES DE SOUZA FILHO
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PAVEL DODONOV
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Data: Nov 24, 2023
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Show Abstract
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Parque Marinho da Barra is a Brazilian marine protected area located in a region of intense tourist activity and diverse social practices. This work proposes an Hierarchical Model (SALTHE, 1985; 2001; 2010) to summarize the conversation processes in the Park area regarding the role played by the social actors and institucional forces, translated into constraints and mechanisms that operate within the system, which is organized in 3 different levels. At the Superior Level, we analyze the ways in which conservation concepts were historically conceived and integrated into public management policies and instruments in Brazil, resulting in conservation references and practices based on a society-nature dichotomy that promotes a utilitarian view and excludes social dimensions - despite most recent efforts for public participation on the policies and actions associated with Environmental Management, At the Inferior Level, we analyze the interactions between different social actors and how they still struggle with the differences between each system of practices, knowledges and values. Interactions based on regimes of co-production appear as a solution for a better understanding between parts, in order to align more effective actions, objectives, priorities and practices for conservation and environmental management.
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16
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PRISCILLA ANDREA ORSI
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DEVELOPMENT OF A LOCALLY-LED DISASTER RESPONSE PREPARATION TOOL: THE CASE OF THE OIL SPILL ON THE COAST OF BAHIA IN 2019
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Advisor : RITA DE CASSIA FRANCO REGO
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COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
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GEORGE OLAVO MATTOS E SILVA
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LUISA MARIA DIELE VIEGAS COSTA SILVA
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RITA DE CASSIA FRANCO REGO
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Data: Dec 7, 2023
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Show Abstract
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Communities in general are on the front line of tackling the climate emergency. Therefore, they need to reflect on human systems transformation processes for climate adaptation and resilience. Preparing contingency plans to respond to the climate emergency is one of these processes. Research project to assess the impact of the 2019 oil spill accident on artisanal fishing communities on the coast of Bahia showed that fishermen and shellfish gatherers were the first to respond, however, without adequate protective equipment or training, putting their health at risk. The research results point to the need to prepare local communities to build community-based and locally led contingency and adaptation plans. This paper aims to offer tools to facilitate locally led community-based adaptation to address the climate emergency in human systems, and the objectives of its products are: 1) to contribute to the construction of knowledge about the importance of locally led adaptation, i.e., local risk management, development and implementation of community-based contingency plans; 2) propose a social technology for building locally led community-based contingency plans for disasters, in the format of a manual adapted from the KRITIS methodology, easy to understand and execute; 3) Expand the discussion on the topic and raise awareness among interested parties for dialogue in all spheres, including advocacy for construction of public policies relevant to locally led community-based adaptation
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17
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CATARINA ORRICO MORAIS
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ANALYSIS AND MANAGEMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL RISKS OF REGASEIFICATION TERMINALS: GUIDELINES FOR PREPARATION AND EVALUATION
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Advisor : GILSON CORREIA DE CARVALHO
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COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
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CRISTIANE DE OLIVEIRA
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GILSON CORREIA DE CARVALHO
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MIGUEL DA COSTA ACCIOLY
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Data: Dec 7, 2023
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Show Abstract
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Companies that handle hazardous products in Brazil are subjected to the environmental licensing process, providing environmental agencies to evaluate the environmental risks arising from these facilities. Given this context, the Brazilian Institute for the Environment and Renewable Natural Resources - IBAMA, federal environmental agency, requires that licensed enterprises present risk studies, such as Risk Analysis Study, Risk Management Program and Emergency Plan. These documents must be prepared from a Terms of Reference (TR) provided by the environmental agency. Among the facilities that manipulate hazardous products, the liquefied natural gas regasification terminals are subject to environmental risks, because of the flammable and cryogenic nature of the fluid. In risk analyzes of these terminals, one of the accidental scenarios considered is the potential leakage of liquefied natural gas (LNG) in the marine environment. In addition, with a growing number of LNG terminal projects, there will be an increasing need for studies performed by the environmental licensing bodies. Thus, this study aims to identify potential hazards during the operation phase of offshore regasification terminals and the environmental consequences of a LNG leakage. The study also includes as products the elaboration of a draft Terms of Reference for environmental risk studies (i.e., EAR, PGR and PAE) and a collection of bibliographic references to assist in the analysis of these studies by technicians and environmental analysts of the federal environmental agency. This initiative will contribute to a better management and mitigation of the environmental risks during the licensing process of the LNG regasification terminals. To identify the risks and their environmental consequences caused by LNG leakage at regasification terminals, a bibliographic review was made using the databases Scopus and Web of Science. Additionally, for this survey, documentary research was used to analyze existing studies of regasification terminals in Brazil. Documentary research was also used to understand how risk management is integrated with the licensing process of IBAMA. The TR was prepared based on the model for ports, provided by IBAMA and other technical documents. The study concludes that there is a lack of research that specifically analyzes the environmental impacts caused by a LNG leakage in the marine environment. It is understood that reference terms are adequate to identify and manage environmental risks, its causes and consequences, however it is necessary to include more specific topics that provide more targeted data on the environmental impacts of LNG leakage in the marine ecosystem.
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18
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GLADSTON DOS SANTOS SILVA
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WASTE, CLIMATE AND ECOLOGY: THE IMPORTANCE OF SOL霊D WASTE MANAGEMENT FOR THE CLIMATE EMERGENCY AND THE CONSERVAT!ON OF ECOSYSTEMS
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Advisor : MARGARETH PEIXOTO MAIA
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COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
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MARGARETH PEIXOTO MAIA
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MARIA IRAILDES DE ALMEIDA SILVA MATIAS
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PAVEL DODONOV
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Data: Dec 7, 2023
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Show Abstract
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Faced with an increasingly urbanized world, with human settlements that are established and expanding over reliefs, landscapes and their previously present ecosystems, and the increasing generation of urban solid waste, which when inappropriately discarded increases the potential for contamination, pollution environment and the emission of greenhouse gases that contribute to the rise in global temperatures and the consequent threat to ecosystems around the planet, this article aimed to bring together theoretical references, data and analyzes related to the importance of solid waste management for the climate emergency and the conservation of ecosystems. The work methodology consisted of carrying out bibliographical research in libraries, portals and scientific magazines such as Nature, Science, Scielo and Google Scholar, and on national government portals, international organizations and non-governmental organizations such as Periódicos Capes, IPCC, Climate Observatory, Climate Watch and Climate Science, in addition to processing data found on these portals to carry out analysis of the global and national panorama of greenhouse gas emissions and discover trends. Finally, there is a description of the main effects of the rise in the planet's temperature on life on Earth and indications of how solid waste management can effectively contribute to tackling the climate emergency and conserving ecosystems.
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19
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LUCIANA SOUZA DE OLIVEIRA
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DIAGNOSIS OF THE MANAGEMENT AND MANAGEMENT OF URBAN SOLID WASTE FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF ECOLOGY: A case study in the Municipality of Ibipitanga, Bahia
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Advisor : RITA DE CASSIA FRANCO REGO
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COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
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NELIZE LIMA DOS SANTOS
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RICARDO GALENO FRAGA DE ARAUJO PEREIRA
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RITA DE CASSIA FRANCO REGO
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Data: Dec 13, 2023
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Show Abstract
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The present study aimed to diagnose the current scenario of Urban Solid Waste management in the municipality of Ibipitanga, Bahia, from the perspective of ecology. To this end, the methodological process was divided into three phases. In the first phase, attention was paid to the development of the research protocol, researching the instruments to be adopted in the study and guiding readings. Still at this stage, studies were carried out for the theoretical basis, in order to facilitate understanding of the topic, and the importance of preventing the generation and final disposal of urban waste, in an ecologically appropriate manner. This study was based on public domain bibliographic sources and was developed through consultations with articles, dissertations, legislation, technical standards and resolutions. In the second phase, field work was carried out to collect data and information in the areas and with public managers. Data collection was carried out at the Municipal Environment Secretariat - SEMMA, at waste generation and storage points, at the Association of Recyclable Material Collectors - ACM, as well as at the final waste disposal site, in order to capture images and evaluate the operation of the infrastructures that make up the MSW management system. For the data collection procedure, a methodological instrument was developed, based on the National Solid Waste Policy, Technical Standards and relevant policies. For data analysis and interpretation, the SWOT method was used, which is an acronym originating from the initial letters of the English terms Strengths, Weakness, Opportunities and Threats which mean in Portuguese, respectively, strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (LOPES, MELO 2021). According to Pereira et al (2022), the SWOT method is widely used in quality management, which aims to contribute to the interpretation of qualitative information. In addition to helping managers make decisions, especially the most urgent ones. To diagnose the generation of MSW in the municipality, data was obtained only on conventional collection. Subsequently, a population estimate and the generation of MSW were carried out for the next 20 years, with the purpose of analyzing the current generation and the management coverage of MSW in the municipality. The generation of MSW, generated weekly from conventional collection, represents 28,000 tons, so 4,000 tons/day are generated daily. The urban population served at the start of the project was 5,509 inhabitants, so the per capita generation was 0.726. The services offered in the municipality related to MSW are urban cleaning and MSW management, such as conventional collection, selective collection, environmentally appropriate final disposal (recycling, sorting, composting, final disposal). Afterwards, the results of the diagnosis summarized all the information, concluding that the Swot method allowed analyzing the management of MSW in the municipality of Ibipitanga from the perspective of ecology, identifying that there are more positive points than negative ones. The negative points need to be worked on both in MSW management and in management planning so that service provision continues to evolve, providing the population with a better quality of life, in addition to promoting the preservation of natural resources, stimulating the circular economy that leads to improvements rapid progress towards sustainability.
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20
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GISELLE MARIA DE BRITTO CUNHA CORRÊA
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CLIMATE CHANGE AND THE HEALTH SECTOR: AN INTRODUCTION TO THE PATH TOWARD DECARBONIZATION IN THE BRAZILIAN UNIFIED HEALTH SYSTEM (SUS) THROUGH ENERGY CONSUMPTION REDUCTION – THE CÉSAR DE ARAUJO HOSPITAL COMPLEX
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Advisor : BRUNO VILELA DE MORAES E SILVA
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COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
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BRUNO VILELA DE MORAES E SILVA
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JAMILE GONSALVES DE OLIVEIRA SANTOS
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LUISA MARIA DIELE VIEGAS COSTA SILVA
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Data: Dec 14, 2023
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Show Abstract
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Climate change is changes in temperature and climate patterns that have intensified over the years mainly due to Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions. There are several initiatives at a global level to achieve decarbonization through the reduction, or even mitigation, of the negative impacts promoted by them, for example, the quantification and monitoring of emissions through instruments such as GHG inventories. In this context, the health service, one of the areas most impacted by the consequences of climate change, is the fifth largest emitter of GHGs, whose contribution is equivalent to 4.4% of total global emissions. Therefore, this work aims to evaluate the contribution to global net GHG emissions referring to Scope 2, using the Brazilian GHG Protocol Program tool, of a Hospital Complex located in the city of Salvador/BA and propose an environmental policy model for the health units linked to the Unified Health Service (SUS) detailing guidelines regarding energy efficiency, socio- environmental responsibility, resource, and supplier management. To this end, the study will be based on: i- literature review; ii- collection of quantitative data regarding the complex’s energy consumption; iii- discussion and analysis of data; iv- elaboration of low carbon environmental policy. It should be noted that not regarding Scope 2, the health unit studied is responsible for more than 200 tons of CO2 in the atmosphere, in addition, in general terms, it does not have planned and consolidated environmental policies capable of identifying negative environmental impacts promoted and mitigation actions. When compared with other SUS units, the reality is no different, which, in turn, demonstrates the need for policies capable of interconnecting environmental, social and health aspects, in order to guarantee the quality of care provided and the reduction of illnesses that affect society.
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21
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THAYARA LAIS DOS SANTOS
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ECOSYSTEM SERVICES IN BASIC EDUCATION: A NEW APPROACH, BEYOND THE CLASSROOM
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Advisor : CLAUDIO RICARDO MARTINS DOS REIS
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COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
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CLAUDIO RICARDO MARTINS DOS REIS
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PAVEL DODONOV
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UIRÉ LOPES PENNA
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Data: Dec 14, 2023
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Show Abstract
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Ecosystem services, among Other forms, can be defined as conditions and processes arising from natural ecosystems and the species that composse them, which sustain and maintain human life. Although education for Sustainability is foreseen in the National Common Curricular Base (BNCC), litle enphasis is still given to this concept in basic education, a reflection of the current crisis in ecology teaching, which is still treated in a contente-based, descriptive way, whith a focus in taxonomy and classification of species and disconnected from reality. On the Other hand, it is common sense that environmental education is necessary for making more sustainable decisions and that the relationship between theory and practice produces more consolidated and significant knowledge. Therefore, this work aims to promote the learning of aspects related to ecosystem services, from the perspective of scientific and comprehensive education, through the development of easily accessible teaching material with practical utility, aimed at Science teachers working in the seventh grade. Year of Elementary School II. With this work, we hope to contribute to the optimization of students with critical sense, attentive to socio-environmental issues, who may be capable of transforming their reality. The final product of this work was presented in the formo f na interactive e-book, made available by sharing its link or Reading its QR Code and in a complementary way, a partnership is sought for the introduction of these oficial education platforms of municipal and state governments and federal.
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22
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TIEGO RIBEIRO DO VALE
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Conclusive Technical Report: Restoration and Reuse of Areas in Mining Projects – Mina Passé Case Study
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Advisor : RICARDO GALENO FRAGA DE ARAUJO PEREIRA
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COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
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PAULO DE TARSO AMORIM CASTRO
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EDUARDO MARIANO NETO
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RICARDO GALENO FRAGA DE ARAUJO PEREIRA
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Data: Dec 20, 2023
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Show Abstract
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Closing the mine is a procedure of great discussion, and minimizing its risks depends on several factors such as legislation and local technical knowledge. This work presents a technical overview of global legislation, Brazilian legislation and the main successful standards, discusses and applies concepts of ESG, geotourism, ecological restoration, seeking an innovative vision, focused on reducing environmental impacts and giving new meaning to the mine area at its closing. The development of this work is a pioneering strategy for Bahia, mixing intelligent ecological restoration aligned with remote sensing, inventory and conservation of geological heritage, geotourism and the popularization of science, opening closed mines or mines that are close to closing, carrying out a functional landscape project , thus bringing a new form of attitude and entrepreneurship in the sector with the aim of involving the surrounding communities. A landscape project was developed covering geotourism, ecological restoration, sustainable strategies with social, environmental and governmental concerns, associated with environmental policies. List of highly successful ventures around the world that are pioneers in the subject's practices and the case study of Mina Passé, which is the applicability of all the concepts and knowledge of the subject, with the reconstruction and future model in the applied project.
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