Creativity is vital for organizations and future managers, as well as for educational processes and society in general. However, the topic remains sparse in the field of management education (ME). The objective of this research is to understand, problematize and discuss how creativity can be taught and learned in management training, based on a conception of creativity as practice. The study is anchored in theories about ME, organizational creativity (OC), practice-based studies (PBS) and theater improvisation (TI). Educational practices were carried out over four semesters with students from the undergraduate management course at the School of Management at the Federal University of Bahia. The methodological approach was based on practice and narrative analysis. The sources of information were: documents produced by the participants, direct observation, photographs, videos and semi-structured interviews. The thesis is structured into articles. The objective of the first article is to integrate and consolidate academic knowledge about OC in ME through a systematic and narrative review of academic production. The results conceptually grouped OC in the context of ME into positions, pedagogies and perspectives, in order to map and better understand existing research, as well as identify its needs and research opportunities. The second article aims to map and integrate academic production on OC, proposing it conceptual renewal based on the epistemology of practice. The results include a set of conceptions of creativity, which integrate management research and a structured proposal for renewing the conceptualization of creativity based on the epistemology of practice. The third article aims to understand how TI supports and regenerates the teaching and learning process of organizational creativity. As results, we identified four organizational creativity learning practices provided by theatrical improvisation: state of presence, willingness to make mistakes and risks, interpersonal cooperation and dynamics between freedom and structure. The fourth article explores how a practice-based approach can renew OC education. The main results reveal that creative teaching and learning are driven by the practical ways in which students develop creative experiences, narrating, feeling, sharing and playing in the classroom. The fifth article developed pedagogical resources from TI to feed the teaching of organizational creativity as a practice. The research results offer practical and didactic knowledge for educators: eight TI games applied to OC teaching. This thesis will contribute to the advancement of knowledge in the fields of ME and OC by developing pioneering content with the help of TI and based on practice. Additionally, the study has impacts on teaching and management practice in educational organizations concerned with OC in the training of future managers.

This research investigated how public policies can be identified in current social contexts, by broadening the scope of the State and its bodies´ primacy as the locus of analysis of public policies. To achieve this, we investigate the topic of Community Tourism, actioned and argued via Bahia´s Community Tourism Network – Rede Batuc. We seek via the “Mirada ao Revés” (reverse angle) approach (BOULLOSA, 2013; 2019), supported by Critical Studies of Public Policies, to respond to the question “How “Rede Batuc” is generating fluxes of community tourism public policy in Bahia?” To achieve this general objective, we apply the Autoethnography Method to argue our interpretative analysis inspired by “Public Experience” (PERES, 2020), which allows us to visualise and interpret the issue of tourism shaped by the different apprehensions of a “multiatorialidade” (BOULLOSA, 2013; 2019) in this field, grounded strongly in apprehensive criticism, of tourism as an economic activity modelled by conventional tourism public policies. This engagement and indignation is what sets in motion, on the collective actions made up for diverse connections, emotions and resignifications, the creation and performance of a public arena of Bahian community tourism. With this purpose, we conduct our interpretation, according to the following categories: “multiatorialidade”; public issues; collective actions and public arena. Our ‘vivencia’ considers the collective factor of multiple research materials, their contexts and historicity, such as: photos, meetings, events, awards, discussions, event organisation, capacity-building, visits, exchanges, autobiographical notes, and semi-structured interviews as members of the Rede Batuc, allowing the re-telling of a real history in the current moment; and with other actors in the germination of community tourism in Bahia. The texts are analysed, inspired in narrative analysis and with an interpretative nature. Seeking to respond to the issues which fuelled the specific objectives: 1. Track the actors (multiatorialidade) who make up the public arena of the Community Tourism Movement through to the Rede Batuc; 2. Identify the collective actions of Rede Batuc in building the public arena of community tourism in Bahia; 3. Discuss the public issues and the wealth of public relevance identified and discussed within the movement of community tourism in the Rede Batuc. We have been arguing from our concerns, that the issues of tourism as an economic activity have their origin in their politics and public policies, not only correlated in the field of tourism, but also in their own normative and prescriptive bases on which, the field of public policies in its historicity and interpretation was rather narrowed. Our research has revealed the political dimension of community tourism, by means of the generation of fluxes of community tourism public policies, previously almost non-existent and/or made invisible by the problematic issues of conventional tourism and, also by the traditional models of analysis and studies in public policies.

The COVID-19 pandemic has brought about an unprecedented crisis for service organizations in Brazil, requiring their executive leaders to have the ability to make decisions in a complex and uncertain environment. Crises are characterized by pressure, sense of urgency, and a shared perception that decisions must be made quickly (PEARSON; CLAIR, 1998). Under these conditions, leadership decision-making require adapting behavior to changes while exerting influence over subordinates to achieve organizational objectives. Studies on decision-making show that in organizations, decisions made by executive leaders are rarely based solely on statistical evidence or logical analysis (BAZERMAN; MOORE, 2014). When the organizational environment changes rapidly and requires agile, coherent, and creative responses, experienced leaders tend to decide with the help of intuitive judgments and perceptions (HODGKINSON; LANGAN-FOX; SADLER-SMITH, 2008). Understood as judgments formed without the need for deliberate analysis and a clear justification, intuitions are accompanied by affective states and originate from tacit learning acquired through practical experience in a specific area or function (DANE; PRATT, 2007). Research on leader’s decision-making, by incorporating advances in cognitive psychology and neuroscience, has repositioned intuition as a valid resource with potentially relevant contributions to leaders' performance. (AKINCI; SADLER-SMITH, 2012). Based on the problematization related to the presence of intuition in leaders' decision-making process and the needs associated with leadership in the turbulent environment of the COVID-19 crisis, this dissertation aimed to identify the influence of intuition on decision-making by leaders of service companies. Two studies were conducted for this purpose. The first study examined the relationship between leadership experience and the ability to adapt performance to changes provoked by the pandemic, and whether this relationship was mediated by the preference and ability to make decisions intuitively. The non-probabilistic sample of 120 leaders of service companies participating in the study was obtained through a survey-style questionnaire. The scales used - Rational-Experiential Inventory (REI) and the adaptive performance scale developed by Charbonnier-Voirin and Roussel (2012) - were translated and adapted for the purposes of the study. The results were analyzed using the mediation analysis technique developed by Baron and Kenny (1986). The results did not confirm the mediating effect but indicated the existence of a positive and statistically significant relationship between intuition and leaders' adaptive performance. In the second study, it was explored which decisions leaders most frequently use intuition. 15 leaders selected from the initial sample obtained in study 1 were interviewed, and the transcriptions were subjected to thematic content analysis. Based on the inductive analysis of the data, the Model of Intuition Use by Leaders (MUIL) was elaborated. The model consists of decision categories in which leaders most commonly use intuition, the definitions that leaders attribute to intuition, and the contextual factors that contribute to the presence of intuitive decisions. The practical and theoretical implications of both studies, as well as the limitations of the studies, are discussed.

In 2015, the United Nations presented the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in the document entitled Transforming Our World: The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. By contextualizing the University as one of the social actors for the realization of the SDGs, this dissertation focuses on bringing the Federal University of Bahia (UFBA) as a case study to highlight, in particular, the role of academic research as a potential tool for the achievement of the SDGs. For that, a mapping of the academic productions deposited in the UFBA Institutional Repository between the years 2016 and 2020 was carried out, allowing, through the search for keywords justified and approved by 15 specialists, a direct link of the results obtained to the objectives of the Agenda . In the end, in addition to mapping how UFBA's academic production has potentially incorporated the proposed SDGs, both in absolute numbers and through the existence of graduate programs and specific lines of research, a survey of the strengths and gaps of the academic production of the institution, in addition to an agenda with future research projects. Based on the results obtained, it is expected that this dissertation can support new actions to implement the SDGs both at UFBA and at other Higher Education Institutions.

This research has a qualitative, exploratory and descriptive methodology. The objective of the investigation was to identify the challenges of managing distance courses offered within the scope of the UAB/CAPES System, using the experience of implementing the Licentiate in Computing course at IFBA/UAB, class 2017.1. To achieve this objective, we sought to define analytical categories to identify the challenges faced by course managers in this teaching modality, highlighting the following: (i) analyze the regulations that address EaD, within the scope of the UAB-CAPES program and at the IFBA; (ii) collect and evaluate the data obtained from the management experience of the 2017.1 class of the Bachelor of Computing course UAB-CAPES/IFBA; and (iii) relate and categorize the observed situations. The justification for this research is based on the fact that the management of EaD courses in Brazil, especially those within the scope of the UAB-CAPES Program, still faces obstacles that could already have been overcome, given that it is already inserted in Brazilian education, formally, since 1996. A theoretical framework was built based on distance education management concepts and regulation in order to identify the challenges and perspectives of this program. The analysis model was inspired by several referenced studies on the subject. The results obtained indicate the diverse and constant challenges faced by EaD managers in public institutions and how the normative gaps existing in Brazil impact the management of this teaching modality.

In Brazil, with the rise in students enrolling in higher education, the National Student Assistance Program (PNAES) was instituted as a strategy to assist students from the federal level in order to democratize the access and permanence of the most socioeconomically vulnerable. In 2008 the Federal Institutes (IFs) were created aiming the enhancement of education that supports the social development of the country. Despite the establishment of the program through Decree nº. 7.234 in 2010, it was found that there are open gaps for investigations in the evaluation of public policies with multiple approaches, as well as on the evaluation of the implementation of the PNAES in the IFs. The importance of evaluating the moment of implementation refers to the analysis of the functioning and execution of the policy still in progress, proposing the application of corrective actions and improvements on its management if required. The size and scope of the PNAES as public policy demanded further study during its implementation, therefore the general objective of this research is to identify the main elements of the evaluation of the implementation of public policy in the light of multiple approaches to support the PNAES in the Brazilian IFs. The methodology is classified as qualitative with some quantitative data in the description of results classified as exploratory and explanatory. The research is structured in three distinct and complementary phases, considering multiple case studies carried out in IFs in all Brazilian regions. The first phase adopted the techniques of systematic literature review with 29 works such as articles, dissertations, and theses. The document analysis consists of 16 government documents and 64 documents provided by the IFs. In the next phase, 33 questionnaires were answered by public managers in the student assistance area of 38 Institutes, while in the third phase, semi-structured interviews were applied to 21 frontline managers (executors) and students who benefited from the program at 14 IFs. The triangulation of sources and data results was carried out with a treatment of content analysis utilizing software such as Atlas.ti and Orange. As a result of this research the analytical dimensions of the evaluation were observed in a theoretical-empirical method with the execution of the analytical model as content of the formulation, context, implementation process, resources, social actors involved and reach. To sum up, the evaluative categories propose to influence and impact researchers, governments, managers, implementers, students and sponsors as well as other groups int

The aim of this research was to examine how accountabilities conflicts affect the accountability capacity of public security agents in the context of multiple accountabilities. To this end, a sample of 525 cases of military police dismissed by the corporation was used, which constitutes a confidential and unprecedented database, in the period between 2005 and 2019, and 79 lawsuits filed by the Court of Justice of one of the entities of the federation. With variables associated to organizational dynamics (specialization), characteristics of the accusation (social norms and complexity) and the profile of the accused (accumulated experience) involved, the research carried out descriptive and inferential statistical analysis, aiming to understand the phenomenon through the Probit model. In addition to the quantitative part, the content of the interviews carried out with lawyers, prosecutors, magistrates and judges who dealt with the judicial processes specified above was also explored, in order to complement the results of the regression. Thus, the research found that processes conducted by fixed commissions formed by police officers specialized in correctional activities reduce the probability of “reintegration” of the accused, signaling that expertise and centralization in conducting accountability processes are indispensable to the public service. Surprisingly, it was observed that the social pressure exerted by the media in publicizing and giving transparency to the crimes of the accused seemed to impair the performance of internal affairs and contributed to the reintegration of public agents. The research also showed that the accumulated experience of agents involved in accusations is not significant in the outcome of judicial sentences, in the same way that it occurs in disciplinary administrative processes. It was found that complex cases involving multiple accusations generate more problems of conflicts of accountabilities and make investigations more difficult by supervisory bodies, and that some criminal practices, such as “homicide”, “robbery”, “military crimes” and “sexual crimes”, carried out by the military police officers, are among the factors that reduce the probability of reintegration, revealing that the corporation is more rigid in the investigation of these deviations. The findings also signaled that the military forums (internal affairs, prosecutors and the audit branch) have more convergent decisions regarding the dismissal of security agents. However, the same does not occur between these arrangements and the decisions of the civil chambers of the Court of Justice. Finally, it can be said that the accountabilities conflicts that arise in the military police scope are due to different issues: different objectives/different demands, informational asymmetry and different conceptions of accountability (responsibility and responsiveness) among public agencies. These phenomena affect the capacity for accountability in the police accountability system, as they lead to the reintegration of military police officers.

With the purpose of analyzing the co-creation of value in decision-making that takes place in the relationships of patients with Behçet's Syndrome with their multiple stakeholders, both in medical-hospital environments and in any and all environment that can provide quality of life to the patient, this thesis is a theoretical and methodological contribution of the science of health administration, proposing the theory of Co-created Decision Making (TDCC). The theoretical-methodological model developed is a theoretical interaction between the theories of Value Co-creation and Stakeholders with Shared Decision Making. It analyzes the relationships between patients and their stakeholders, with a focus on co-creating diagnostic and treatment decisions that best reflect health conditions, well-being and specific priorities for each patient. To this end, it proposes and applies an analysis model focused on the experiences of patients with Behçet's Syndrome in Brazil and their relationships with their stakeholders, with the patient as an active participant in the entire health/disease/care process. The thesis was built in the form of four complementary scientific articles with different methodologies, based on the TDCC. Thus, it was possible to develop the conceptual model of the theory, propose an analysis model and apply this model, first in a single case study, based on autoethnography and content analysis of documents, videos and interviews and, later, in a study with multiple cases, through its application in a group of patients on WhatsApp, through a netnography and content analysis of interviews. In the two applications of the analysis model, fourteen different types of stakeholders who co-create value with the patient were identified. The most relevant patient relationship is with physicians, which were both positive and negative. Other stakeholders identified in the survey were: social media, family, governments and public policies, work, health providers, consumer rights, friends, education, health professionals, other patients, patient groups, pharmaceutical market, PAP professionals. For co-created decision-making in the relationships between patients and their stakeholders, three key elements were identified: patient engagement; the four principles of value co-creation (dialogue, access, risk assessment and transparency); consider the patient as a whole. Seven main dilemmas experienced by patients were highlighted: disruption caused by the disease; difficulty in diagnosing; people who do not understand the disease; ignorance of the disease; newly diagnosed diseases; not being heard by doctors; disease recognition. The patients' suggestions for the co-creation of value in decision-making were, mainly, for more research and dissemination of information and knowledge about BS; and that the disease is recognized in public policies in Brazil to provide comprehensive care to patients and access to high-cost medications. Thus, this thesis represented an iterative process with the application of the model to the research from which it derived, also providing discussions about the proposed model itself, which enabled analyzes from multiple perspectives, both the patient's perspective and that of the different stakeholders.

Credit cooperatives are societies of people whose objective is the financial inclusion of their members. In terms of the solidarity aspect of credit unions, its genesis stems from the mobilization and protagonism of various social actors linked to rural movements that demand public policies for the rural environment, mainly linked to access to credit. Therefore, they prioritize local and community development, which denotes that the political acts of these cooperatives tend to precede the economic acts. Faced with the double challenge of the solidarity credit cooperativism, which is, on one hand, meeting the regulations of the National Monetary Council (CMN) and the supervision from the Central Bank and, on the other hand, the commitment to meet the financial demands of its members and of the community through social inclusion, this research aims to understand how the movement between the economic and the social is presented from the reality of the actors involved in the northeastern solidarity credit cooperativism. The methodological basis was based on a qualitative approach, materialized in three phases: the first included an exploratory study with key people from the cooperatives; the second was driven by the case study method at the CRESOL Nordeste center, with the application of the research instruments; and, finally, data analysis, using the content analysis technique of the thematic kind. As a result, it was observed that the creators and members of the former ASCOOB System were unable to meet the demands of their regulatory bodies and management became conducted by the CRESOL Confederation. This one, in turn, applied the governance model, according to Resolution No. 4,434/2015, which reverberated in a reduction of support policies for small family farmers, unfit, from a financial point of view, to receive credit. On the other hand, dissatisfied with the conduct of this process, former members and other social actors linked to the solidarity credit cooperatives in Bahia created an alternative, a Community Development Bank (BDC) for the target audiences not served by CRESOL Nordeste: the Community Bank Fund for the Promotion of Solidarity Development (BANCOSOL). Therefore, this association aims to work together with CRESOL Nordeste and COGEFUR, forming a financial solidarity triad in Bahia.

This thesis aims to understand the dynamics of the agenda of public policies to combat violence against women in Brazil in the period 1988-2022, a field still little explored and directly impacted by the increasing number of cases of violence registered in recent decades. Theoretical choices involve the formation of an agenda (agenda-setting) and public policies (public policy), at federal and state levels, highlighting in this study the actions for the effective protection of women, enacted by the Federal Constitution of 1988, marked for the performance of the constituent women and materialization of the Women's Charter. Another important milestone was the approval of the Maria da Penha Law and, later, the implementation of the Law with the National Policy to Combat Violence against Women. The methodology used was qualitative, descriptive and exploratory, seeking to carry out a wide field research with historical information and public policies, at federal and state levels in execution. The set of analyzes of the public policy agenda made it possible to understand the complex process of the theme's rise on the agenda and its developments with a focus on historical, federal and state analyses. We obtained significant responses from the Ministry of Women that ratify the government's effort to implement actions that effectively protect women and encourage states to develop actions in partnership. And in a very relevant way, the response to the questionnaires by 25 Federative Units, which allowed us to identify the main actions in progress: Specialized Police Stations for Women's Assistance (DEAM), Call 180, Patrols Maria da Penha and Casa da Mulher Brazilian. In addition, we identified good practices and actions that can be replicated, such as the virtual DEAM, the panic button on the cell phone application, actions focused on the resocialization of the aggressor, among others. Finally, the construction of a timeline of the last three decades of the actions implemented to face violence against women, which demonstrated that we still have a great challenge in the face of the growing numbers of domestic violence and femicide in Brazil, but the continuity in the execution of preventive and repressive actions are fundamental for the results to be effective and for women to feel safe to denounce and break the cycle of violence.

A topic in evidence in the field of entrepreneurship since the early 1990s, entrepreneurial intention attracts the attention of researchers who focus on understanding the elements that trigger entrepreneurial behavior. In the theoretical field, different studies address the entrepreneurial intention, observing the preponderance of the Entrepreneurial Event Model (SHAPERO,1985) and the Theory of Planned Behavior (AJZEN, 1991). Recognizing the act of undertaking as a process that derives, in part, from the cognitive structures of individuals in the contexts in which they are inserted, the research about the elements that influence the elaboration of the entrepreneurial career intention becomes increasingly relevant. From this perspective, the aim of this thesis was to analyze how individual and contextual antecedents of cognition affect entrepreneurial intention among non-entrepreneurial university students. Thus, the relationship between such antecedents and the intention to explore opportunities and start their own business is considered strategic in this research. Empirically, such an
analysis was generated from data collected from university students responding to the Global University Entrepreneurial Spirit Students' Survey (GUESSS) in 2016 and 2018, at the Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), accounting for a sample of 2.741 and 2.167 students, respectively. A methodological approach adopted was quantitative, operationalized through exploratory factor analysis, descriptive statistics and multiple regressions from robust methods. When testing all the individual and contextual antecedents included in this thesis, together, the results found entrepreneurial self-efficacy and entrepreneurial competences as the main individual antecedents of the intention to undertake, also showing, among the contextual antecedents, that the subjective norms - family/friends/colleagues have strong explanatory power about the intention to start a business of their own. They also revealed the positive and significant effect of the covariates gender and field of study in relation to entrepreneurial intention, when added to individual and contextual antecedents.

The guarantee of adequate and quality care coverage for health plan users is a legal attribution of the National Supplementary Health Agency - ANS. Among the responsibilities of the regulatory agency, which contribute to this task, is the elaboration and updating of a list of procedures of minimum mandatory coverage, by the health insurance operators operating in Brazil. It is through the periodic modification of the ANS list that the incorporation or exclusion of technologies in the supplementary health sector occurs. This subject directly mobilizes the interest of several actors in this segment such as professionals, health insurance companies and their users, consumer protection agencies and the hospital materials and medicines industry. In order to understand how the policy of incorporation of technologies in supplementary health evolved from the updating of the list of procedures and health events in the ANS, from 2007 to 2016, this doctoral thesis used as a theoretical framework the Advocacy Coalition Framework, by Paul Sabatier and Jenkins-Smith, and proposed to identify, describe and analyze the main actors, the beliefs of the political core, the coalitions, the learning and the changes that occurred in the political subsystem in focus. In order to undertake this task, a qualitative exploratory research was carried out, based on the documentary analysis of the records available on the ANS website, such as meeting minutes, documents of presentations made at these meetings and pages of the World Wide Web. To complement the documentary analysis, interviews were conducted with individuals who participated in the process of updating the ANS list in the period analyzed. The structuring of the technology incorporation policy, through the updating of the ANS list, in the time interval studied, occurred from the interaction of coalitions and potential coalition members who acted in defense of their interests, providing political learning and gradual changes driven mainly by the introduction of knowledge in Health Technology Assessment (HTA). Scientific knowledge played a relevant role in guiding the debates and was reflected in the way the structures, rules and methodologies used by ANS were created. The interaction of the regulatory agency with the health technology assessment policy of the Unified Health System - SUS was important for the structuring of this process in the supplementary sector. National and international organizations with experience in health technology assessment, as well as scientific databases and medical specialty societies, were some of the sources of information that allowed the gradual construction and implementation of a policy for the incorporation of technologies in supplementary health. The two coalitions identified had as their main divergence the criteria used to decide on the inclusion of technologies in the ANS list. On the one hand, the medical specialty societies defended the care variables as determinants for the inclusion of technologies, while the health plan operators argued insistently in favor of the economic and financial viability of the incorporations. In harmony with the historical trajectory of the ANS, the financial impact of technology inclusions was not disregarded, but the care aspects were prioritized.

This work sought to identify the limits and challenges of the social management and territorial governance system on the “path of faith” on the Itapagipe Peninsula, in Salvador, Bahia, in order to requalify religious tourism on this route as a driving force for territorial development. The theoretical foundation is based on territorial governance and religious tourism, establishing a transversal dialogue with social management and its dimensions such as - a) social capital; b) local power; c) interorganizations and d) intersectorality. The methodological approach adopted was qualitative research and an integrated case study was carried out with multiple units of analysis. The units were represented by religious institutions that contiguously delimit the territory of faith on the Itapagipe Peninsula in the municipality of Salvador, Bahia. The units of analysis were chosen due to the symbolic and/or geographic relationship with the path of faith on the Itapagipe Peninsula, as well as the potential for religious tourism on this route. The religious institutions of Catholic faith, the object of this study, were: Sanctuary of Santa Dulce dos Pobres, Basilica Santuário do Senhor do Bonfim and Paróquia Nossa Senhora dos Alagados and João Paulo II, and the religious institution of African origin, in this case question, Candomblé, the unit of analysis was the terreiro called “Casa de Oxum”. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, participant observation and focus groups and the collected material was coded and analyzed by categories. The application of a framework as the framework for a theoretical-empirical dialogue with the proposed dimensions and categories made it possible to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed methodology. 18 (eighteen) actors directly linked to the territory of faith were interviewed, such as: Representatives of religious institutions, Associations of Residents, Tourists and Pilgrims, Local Entrepreneurs, Tour Operators, Public Managers and Foundations/NGOs. The results showed that territorial governance, despite the initiatives already carried out and undertaken in the territory of faith, has potential for the requalification of religious tourism in the path of faith, favorably impacting the development of the territory, especially with the observance and incorporation of the dimensions of the management system Social. It can be concluded that there is demand and opportunity for the requalification of the path of faith, having religious tourism as its main vector for the development of the territory.

Growing urbanization has worsened social inequalities, unemployment, and food insecurity, all over the world. Due to increasing population, growth, the big cities became the most relevant global emitters of greenhouse gases, intensifying global warming. People living in developing countries are deeply affected by these processes. Actions are necessary to mitigate and adapt territories and populations to risks and damages foreseen or already present. The search for strengthening urban resilience has expanded in global and local programs. Locally, community initiatives have emerged from the interaction between social groups interested in transforming their territories, increasing their quality of life, and, consequently, acting on social issues. The implementation of urban green commons emerges as one of these initiatives, as green spaces for agricultural cultivation mainly maintained by voluntary work. Benefits derived from the consolidation of these initiatives can be seen on biodiversity, local microclimate, empowerment of communities, and encouragement of environmental education. These benefits are positive for nations and municipalities more vulnerable to urbanization and climate change intensification, like Brazil and Salvador city – the largest city in the Brazilian Northeast. For these and other benefits to be maximized, it is crucial to define management and governance practices that maintain and expand the operation of urban green commons, This study aims to identify urban garden governance practices that contribute to the maintenance and expansion of the operation of urban green commons, in Salvador city, thus strengthening urban resilience. The methodology used was based on a literature review and two case studies, resulting in three articles. Based on literature data, it was possible to prove the potential contribution of urban green commons to the resilience of the places where they were implanted. Social actors and their responsibilities in the system were identified in order to evaluate governance practices, Subsequently, such activities were validated in loco, in active gardens in Salvador. In conclusion, there is a need for greater engagement of the actors involved in developing initiatives - especially civil society and government - so that their benefits are enhanced. In a medium and long-term scenario, their contribution to strengthening resilience is significant both for Salvador and other cities dedicated to expanding the performance of urban green commons in their territories.

This paper analyzes the influence of austerity policies proposed by the World Bank for Brazilian professional education. Because of that, the history of the bank is covered since its creation, explaining the development agendas devised by the entity for developing countries. On this path, the neoliberal vision adopted by the multilateral organization in its development policies is presented, showing how the neoliberal ideology modified the role of the State in the economy, advocated by the institution. This master's thesis intends to discuss how education has established itself as a fundamental theme in the World Bank's agenda, in the formulation of development policies, and how professional education has a driving role in the development of peripheral countries. This work presents the way in which the Theory of Human Capital supports the educational concept of the World Bank, of an individualistic and economic nature. The research discusses the view of the professional education financing entity on the responsibility of the private sector, which led to changes in the entity's guidelines for the area. Documentary analysis allowed us to identify the World Bank's proposals for professional education and how such proposals were adopted in the Brazilian government's educational policies, with the entity's guidelines influencing the modification of the Brazilian legal system pertaining to professional education, with the government justifying the adoption of austerity policies due to an alleged inefficiency of the State in the management of education

his research has a qualitative approach and descriptive nature. Its objective is to understand how the business models of startups in Bahia are configured, and to understand the implications of the COVID-19 pandemic for these business models, based on the experiences of the managers/entrepreneurs themselves. For this purpose we sought to characterize the profiles of startups in the innovation ecosystem in Bahia and to describe the business models startups use, analyzing these models before and after the pandemic. For the construction of this research the contextualization of the studied scenario and the chains of the regulatory framework of startups was evidenced giving special attention to the scenario of the pandemic, in addition to considering, according to the context, the scenario of the pandemic and its impact on business. Its theoretical framework was built through the theories of business model, and crisis, and strategy. The Business Model Canvas by Osterwalder and Pigneur (2011) was used as a theoretical lens for the categories of analysis. As a methodological strategy this research focused on a multi-case study with 6 startups from Bahia, and in-depth interviews. In the analysis section, the approach used was the content analysis that was supported by the NVIVO11 software in the treatment of interview transcripts. It was identified in the results that the innovation ecosystem of Bahia has grown, even though it is in its initial phase. The results obtained also suggest that startups use business models satisfactorily, albeit informally. Most of the cases have the customer area as their main focus, and it can be inferred that the startups that demonstrated a better understanding of their business model, obtained a superior performance of their businesses even during the pandemic.

Human urbanisation has grown significantly, and with it, the consequences on nature. Estuarine regions have felt the impacts of climate change, influenced specifically by anthropogenous interventions. This study suggests an analysis model to identify the above-mentioned consequences and actions that may strengthen estuarine ecosystems’ resilience. Furthermore, a literature research was conducted to identify these consequences and to portrait prevention initiatives as coping mechanisms to fight climate change, using the five IPCC (2022) categories and also four from the CRF Matrix (Cities Resilience Framework). It was possible to identify eighty-six consequences and sixty-three actions suggested by literature, out of which fifty-eight are related, directly or indirectly, to some of the consequences in question. This relationship between consequences and actions was carried out by a group of experts especially made for this purpose. Therefore, the obtained result was an analysis model relevant to estuarines in Brazil’s cities and the potential to assist on decision making related to their well being and resilience

The purpose of this work is to analyze the behavior of Haitian public actors during the process of implementing the Institutional Reform (2012-2017), at the same time seeking to know the change they brought within the Haitian administrative system. This research is based on a strategic analysis of the sociological theory of organizations resulting from the work of Michel Crozier and Erhard Friedberg (1977). This analytical scheme is based on the power relations between the actors without losing sight of the organizational structures and the implicit rules that structure this game. We privilege the qualitative method through content analysis. We operationalize this research from three fundamental concepts (Institutional Reform, Power, Areas of Uncertainty). In this sense, we identified the dimensions to consider. Then, each of its dimensions was divided into indicators or variables. From these indicators, we found a total of 64 initial categories grouped into 16 intermediate categories and 6 final categories extracted from the reform policy program as exhaustive achievements of this institutional reengineering process and the concrete results obtained after these 5 years: First, Michel Martelly's administration took steps to collect information about the public servant. It is about the census (2014) that was done to master the number, structure and cost of the Haitian public service, the implementations to carry out the recruitment of civil servants, based on competition and merit. Second, actions aimed at better human resources management: the government introduced a set of processes to improve the Haitian administrative staff. This initiative aims to promote the development of skills of civil servants throughout their professional career to have access, without discrimination, to the different levels of employment in the Civil Service. Thirdly, there was a desire to strengthen organizational structures: this involves, among other things, strengthening managerial capacity for the rational management of Haitian public institutions. In this sense, the government implemented the inter-ministerial human resources management system (SIGRH); the Departments of Human Resources and the Interministerial Council for Decentralization (CIPD), the creation of an Administrative Information Center (CRA) with the aim of bringing citizens closer to the public administration. After evaluating this reform, we can see that the diagnoses were well made, but in terms of impact, citizens and taxpayers are not satisfied. Indeed, progress in this direction is not remarkable. We identified a set of characteristics of this implementation that do not favor the success of the reform: lack of institutional communication, lack of involvement of sectors of the nation; improvisation and inconsistency in speeches and in the management of State affairs; lack of autonomy in relation to international institutions; continuation in the same corrupt practices; lack of capacity and dysfunction of most predicted mechanisms. Our intention is to stimulate a reflection sober to a crisis of a reform of the Haitian Estado, at a slower pace and that offers a degree of inteligibilidade to understand the hidden mechanisms of a complexity of a governance crisis.

The present study aimed to evaluate the contribution of the stricto sensu postgraduate courses in Administration of the NPGA UFBA (Academic Doctorate, Academic Master's and Professional Master's) for graduates, with regard to the development of pedagogical knowledge for teaching. This is an ex post, hypothetical-deductive research with a quantitative approach. The methodological steps performed were the literature review, which had as keywords teacher training, pedagogical knowledge and evaluation of graduates; conception of the conceptual and operational model of the research relating variables, hypotheses and statistical techniques; elaboration and application of the data collection questionnaire through the Survey Monkey tool, with the graduates of the courses; treatment and analysis of the data obtained. The questionnaire included questions related to the domain of "Pedagogical Knowledge", an analytical cut of the "Teacher Knowledge" scale by Dos-Santos (2019), considered an important theoretical and methodological contribution to this study, and questions, of an authorial nature, that cover the perception of the graduates regarding the contribution of the course carried out in the development of pedagogical knowledge. 160 responses were obtained and the results suggest that the graduates recognize a positive contribution of the course carried out at NPGA UFBA, for the development of pedagogical knowledge. However, no statistically significant differences were detected between the average values obtained in the courses indicating similar perceptions among the graduates. In the same way, it is noteworthy that the graduates of the Professional Master's had the highest percentages of interest in the academic career, teaching performance and higher levels of pedagogical knowledge, compared to the graduates of the Academic Master's. Finally, it is expected that this research has contributed theoretically, methodologically and technologically to the discussions about the contribution of stricto sensu postgraduate courses in Administration at the NPGA UFBA, in the teacher training of its graduates, more specifically, in the development of pedagogical knowledge.

Around the knowledge built and universalized in the field of Administration about organization and management, one can see a great void of studies concerning the multiple forms and organizational dimensions of indigenous peoples and the black population present in our local and contemporary history. This emptiness reveals a framework of organizational invisibilities that hides practices, knowledge and complexities that are far beyond the business scope and the market economy. From a decolonial epistemological engagement, the objective of this dissertation is to initiate research reflections about the organizational experiences built in the diaspora by the African and Afro-descendant population, here called Black Organizations, and the main elements that compose them. Above all, the ancestry that is identified here as the main dimension that singles out these organizations and feeds their management processes, their practices of resistance, internal organization and the various principles and organizational elements. To contribute to the proposed reflections, we carried out a historical research concerning the Black Religious Brotherhoods in Bahia in the 19th century, mobilizing as historical sources the productions of important researchers, especially in the field of history and anthropology. The reflections carried out point to the need to build new and important research paths in Administration and delve into other rationales, epistemologies, practices and technologies present in the organizational experiences of our ancestral peoples.

Environmental and climate factors are a source of financial risks. Risks need to be identified, measured, and managed. Even though proper risk management is essential for efficient investment management, environmental and climate risk management is a challenge to investors, including central banks when acting as investment managers. Central banks are among the largest global investors, managing international reserves totaling trillions of dollars. The theoretical and practical gaps in this subject were highlighted by NGFS, the Network of Central Banks for Greening the Financial System. In this context, this thesis focuses on how to manage the exposure to environmental and climatic risks of the international reserves, without prejudice to the economic and financial objectives of central banks. The specific research objectives were to: I) Identify the environmental and climate risks to which central banks are exposed as managers of international reserves; II) Identify/propose a methodology for assessing the exposure to environmental and climate risks of an investment portfolio with the investor profile of central banks; III) Propose a framework to address environmental and climate risk in the strategic allocation of assets of international reserves, without prejudice to the economic and financial objectives of central banks; IV) Validate the framework, quantifying the possible economic and financial impacts resulting from its application. To address these objectives, this thesis is based on three studies. In the first one the risks were analyzed, and a framework was proposed for environmental and climate risk management of the international reserves. The second study discussed the application of the framework to a sample of central banks from Latin America and the Caribbean. The third study tested the application of the framework, including portfolio optimization and multi-objective analysis. The conclusion is that environmental and climate risk analysis should be included in the traditional approach to strategic asset allocation by central banks at least due to the relevance of the environmental and climate risks to which international reserves are exposed. As a result of the applied framework, with multi-objective analysis, the management of the international reserves can become more resilient to environmental and climate risks without undermining the financial and economic objectives of the central banks. Also, this management may eventually compose a strategy of positive impact in the real-world. This thesis is relevant to the investment management perspective of the international reserves, to safeguard the execution of the monetary and foreign exchange policies using those reserves and for the possible real-world effect of the strategic asset allocation.

This thesis aims to analyze the process of implementation of the National Pharmaceutical Assistance Policy (PNAF) and the judicialization of access to medication in the state of Bahia, in the period from 2014 to 2019. This is a theoretical empirical case study, qualitative in nature. The study scales the expenses with the judicialization of Pharmaceutical Assistance, questioning how, in this aspect, the judicialization of medication interferes in the process of implementation of the National Pharmaceutical Assistance Policy (PNAF) in the State of Bahia. To achieve the research objectives, bibliographic reviews were carried out on the evolution of the Health and Pharmaceutical Assistance Policy in Brazil, cycle of public policies and neo-institutionalism, historical neo-institutionalism being the main theoretical foundation. Semi-structured interviews with key participants, document analysis and research in databases of the Bahia State Health Department and the State Attorney General's Office were carried out. Qualitative data were interpreted through content analysis, supported by NVivo software. The results indicate that: a) the judicialization of medication is increasing, and there was an increase in these expenses in the order of 73% in the analyzed period (2014 to 2019), showing that there is a need for changes in the implementation of the Pharmaceutical Assistance Policy; b) the judicialization of medication stems from institutional, legal, economic, social, corporate and organizational reasons. c) organizational isomorphism is found between the groups that make up the Judiciary Branch, who understand judicialization as a strategy for implementing the Pharmaceutical Assistance Policy, and among the groups that make up the Executive Branch, who defend measurement as a strategy for the implementation of this policy; d) the main actors that interfere in the implementation of the Pharmaceutical Assistance Policy, such as doctors, lawyers, media, health secretaries, users and the pharmaceutical industry e) Although the judicialization of medication is a problem for public management, the Pharmaceutical Assistance Policy was not properly discussed in the meetings of the Bipartite Intermanager Commission. The reduction of the judicialization of access to medication demands management capacity, mediation between the Judiciary and Executive Branches and regulatory bodies, instances of social participation and control, in addition to the organization of information, investment in the training of professionals and fast and specific interventions. It is hoped that the results of this thesis can contribute to increase theoretical knowledge about the implementation of Pharmaceutical Assistance Policy, considering the multiplicity of actors and agencies, and the need for coordination. From an empirical point of view, it is suggested that the prioritization of this policy can identify solutions that involve different spheres of governments, the National Council of Justice, the Judiciary, and civil society in the search for a consensus and the construction of management instruments capable of supporting decision-making, as well as, the introduction of improvements to reduce the effects of expenses with the judicialization of access to medication in the state of Bahia.

This work investigates the elements that define street-level bureaucrats’ action in the implementation of Brazilian environmental policy and how they are articulated, taking as case studies the IBAMA inspectors and ICMBio agents, before and after the beginning of president Bolsonaro’s term. A theoretical model integrating three different analytical dimensions was developed to evaluate street-level bureaucrats’ action: the institutional, the individual and the relational dimensions. Based on this, a case-oriented investigation was carried out, in which significant cases were selected to illustrate the two different profiles of environmental agents (cross-case analysis). Thus, through semi-structured and in-depth interviews, the testimonies of twenty-eight street-level bureaucrats from the said institutions were collected, in addition to the examination of regulations and other relevant documents. The information obtained was examined using Systematic Content Analysis (SCA), with the help of NVivo 12 Plus software. The SCA included the codification of the texts, the analysis of their contents and the statistical description of the codifications, systematized according to the indicators of the theoretical model. Based on this, the meanings posed by the interlocutors were compared across different cases and corroborated through documentary analysis. Complementarily, a cross-time poll was conducted on the institutional changes that occurred before and after the beginning of the Bolsonaro government. The results of the work show comparatively, between IBAMA inspectors and ICMBio agents, what are the elements that define the street-level bureaucrats’ action in Brazilian environmental policy and how they are articulated, with their peculiarities in each of the institutions. Furthermore, the research points out that the changes undertaken by the Bolsonaro administration currently in power have led, in just three years, to the weakening of institutions, the freezing of bureaucratic capacities and the deconstruction of environmental governance in Brazil. Besides empirically testing the model mentioned above, this thesis intends to contribute to the management of Brazilian public administration by offering an in-depth and updated analysis of the role of bureaucracy in the process of implementing public policies and, in particular, environmental policy, towards understanding the importance of solid and autonomous institutions, the limits necessary for the exercise of discretion, the full use of public capacities and the functioning of institutional and inter-institutional relations networks. Based on these results, the work concludes that, in order to ensure the enforcement of environmental preservation, within the national and international regulatory frameworks, environmental policy needs to be reaffirmed, in Brazil, as a State policy, not only constitutionally defined, but also fully regulated, so that the potential of its institutional, individual and relational components can be explored, regardless of the particular and corporatist interests of the government in power at the time.

The quality of life at work has been an interesting strategy within the field of people management, including in the Brazilian public service, although still in an incipient way. Likewise, organizational bonds are an important determinant of results in organizations. Therefore, understanding the relationship between these three constructs also implies understanding their antecedents and factors that generate them. Research indicates that
the quality of work life has a positive influence on organizational commitment, but there are no aspects clarifying this influence on entrenchment. In addition, an even more significant gap is constituted by the small number of longitudinal studies dealing with organizational commitment and the absence of this type of study regarding the other constructs in isolation or from the possible relationships between the three. There are many reasons why people bond organizations. Therefore, investment in studies and practices that favor organizations to have and maintain a committed workforce with good productivity is necessary. And, one way to help with this is by identifying how management practices that are perceived positively, through the quality of life at work, can influence the bond and what the nature or type of bond is. In order to better understand the dynamics of the relationship between quality of work life, organizational entrenchment and organizational commitment, the objective of this research was determined to investigate, in a longitudinal perspective, the influence of quality of work life on organizational commitment and organizational entrenchment, specifically in the context of the federal public service. The public service was delimited due to studies that indicate incipience regarding the applicability of constructs such as those studied in practical reality, largely due to the importation of management models built in the private area. In addition to a longitudinal approach, this study opted for a personcentered approach, avoiding the usual in the field, where the vast majority of research invests in variable-centered analysis. Thus, the focus on the movement of the formed subgroups brought new perspectives of analysis, expanding the contributions of this study. In view of these gaps, the present thesis carried out quantitative research with a longitudinal approach with teaching and technical-administrative employees of public federal educational institutions in northeastern Brazil. Three data collections were carried out with an interval of six months between each one, through an online questionnaire, containing assessment scales of the constructs validated in the national territory and sociodemographic data. Multiple statistical techniques were used and the results were presented through three articles. The first, a cross-sectional article, sought to describe the levels of each bond and the quality of work life among civil servants, and to analyze the influence of the quality of work life on the bonds. The results indicated committed and poorly entrenched servers with good levels of quality of life at work. A positive influence of quality of work life on commitment was found, but it can influence either bond, suggesting the importance of other aspects as mediators of this relationship. The second article carried out an analysis of entrenchment over time and its result indicated that entrenchment is a stable link. The third and final article responds to the main objective of the research and the results identified a positive influence of quality of life at work on commitment over time and that the greater the perception of development and use of skills at work, the lower the entrenchment. Overall, the longitudinal results regarding the influence of quality of work life on commitment reinforce cross-sectional studies and confirm the arguments of researchers that investing in quality of work life can be a good investment to promote organizational commitment. Regarding to entrenchment, the influence proved to be more variable and less direct over time, with external and internal factors intervening in this relationship of influence.

Life in society is carried out by individuals in social relationships in different social contexts and areas of life. Thus, personal and work relationships interconnect and coexist in the individual's life from different formative experiences, since childhood to early adulthood. When lived in specific periods of life, these experiences will result in values, behaviors, preferences and world perspectives common to individuals who have shared similar experiences. This is how generations are formed, understood in this thesis as groups of people who were born in a common interval of years, in order to share moments that impacted society as a whole and ensured specificities in terms of behavioral, attitudinal and evaluative characteristics.
Individuals of the same generation have common values and life positions, which differ, to some extent, between generations. As well as, remarkable moments, specific to a socio-historical context as well as the culture of each society, result in different generations, which shows inappropriate to impose the generational configuration of a society - such as the one developed for the North American context - to another society – like the Brazilian one.
Motivated by this inadequacy, as well as by a non-identification of generations classification developed and validated for the Brazilian context. Also understanding the importance of a classification being developed from the understanding of how these historical events may have influenced, characteristics that resemble and/or differ in/between generations and, therefore, in the structuring of Personal Values and Values at Work. This thesis has the general objective: “To elucidate the differences in Personal Values and Values at Work between the different Brazilian generations, based on a new proposal for the classification of generations for Brazil”. To achieve this purpose, four studies were developed - which originated the four articles that make up this thesis - in order to meet the aforementioned objective.
Initially, we sought to understand how the Values at Work in different generations have been understood by studies developed over the last 12 years. Thus, the first article of this thesis carried out a survey and analysis of differences, similarities and complementarities regarding the results found in studies published in Portuguese and in English on the aforementioned theme, published between 2010 and 2021. From a search on Google Scholar platforms , Plataforma Capes and Web of Science, 18 articles were located, which were analyzed and the findings of these studies point to: (1) the older generation being more attached to the rules, valuing the status and professional advancement and having difficulties to adapt to technology and the speed of information, while (2) younger generations with less patience with the older generation, because they hate long meetings and the inability of older people with technology.
This, however, showed that the studies were developed according to the generational configuration developed in/for the North American context. Since a classification developed especially for Brazilian sociocultural specificities was not identified, the second article of this thesis proposed a classification of generations for Brazil, based on a historical survey and analysis of important events for Brazilian society - since the Vargas Era, in 1930, passing through the military dictatorship, AI5 and its end, until the governments of presidents in the 1990s and 2000s, and of reports by people of different ages and contexts, about events that they remember that marked their formation - obtained through of subjective question forwarded through virtual means. The content analysis of the 452 responses obtained, considering several elements that concern the understanding of generations, allowed us to arrive at a proposal of 7 generations: Nationalist generation (1910 to 1929); Pre-dictatorship generation (1930 to 1943); Repressed generation (1944 to 1958); Direct Generation (1959 to 1968); Hyperinflation Generation (1969 to 1978); Social Generation (1979 to 1991); Generation 4.0 (1992 to 2005).
Entering the analysis of Values, the third article of this thesis aimed to investigate differences in the standards of Personal Values between Brazilian generations. The sample involved 864 respondents, using the Brazilian version of the Portrait Value Questionaire R (PQV-R). Multidimensional Scaling analyzes and nonparametric comparative averaging tests elucidated important differences especially in conservation and self-promotion values. It was also possible to perceive that the Social Generation permeates all the differences evidenced in this research, so that it is relevant to understand details of a generation with substantial social and economically active participation.
By directing the perception of Values to Values Related to Work, the fourth article of this thesis investigates the differences between these values in different generations. For that, the Brazilian version of the Revised Workplace Values Scale (EVT-R, in Portuguese) was used. Starting from a sample of 490 valid cases, Multidimensional Scaling and non-parametric comparative tests of average were used to arrive at the results of this research. Differences in Work Values of the Direct, Hyperinflation and Social generations were evidenced, with emphasis on the Social Generation, with a lower level of 'Universalism and Benevolence' and 'Self-determination and Stimulation', compared to the older generations. Understanding these differences will help to understand how work relationships are established and elucidate their human and social impacts.
It is understood that the findings from each of the articles in the thesis contribute to the literature and to society, by presenting characteristics consistent with the Brazilian reality and, consequently, enabling the various sectors of society to develop social experiences, means of work and socialization, communication, treatments and more assertive directions for the different sectors of society and areas of the individual's life. Added to this, they allow us to understand the personal values of different generational groups that coexist and share spaces in society, as well as add to a better understanding of the functioning of society as a whole and allow more concise analyzes about themes that permeate individuals.
Finally, given the continuous changes that have taken place in the world of work, both in terms of the profile of professionals – from age to expertise developed over a lifetime – and in terms of work relationships. Added to recognizing that different generations of individuals share workspaces, worldviews and life and work goals. Understanding what makes sense for individuals of different generations, in terms of work, helps organizations retain individuals aligned with their processes and identity. It also allows for a reflection on the individual's space in the world and the impacts that new structures and work relationships have on the individual's vision and insertion and what he/she expects from his work context.

Cultural entrepreneurship is apparently beautiful. In other words, it is aesthetically valued, yet not aesthetically theorized. This is the main gap that this research sought to address by conceiving cultural entrepreneurship as an aesthetic practice, the main objective of the thesis. In this immersion, we relate the theoretical fields of cultural entrepreneurship, especially arts and culture, entrepreneurship as practice and organizational aesthetics. We perform a qualitative empirical study in the artistic and cultural field of popular music, the Bahian pagode. This music allows us to understand aesthetics as a socio-territorial construction that feeds the entrepreneurship, still having latent aesthetic tensions that evidence the emergence of aesthetic analyzes to its entrepreneurship, made in the context of the city of Salvador (Bahia), a center of aesthetic and cultural creation recognized as a city of music. Methodologically, this was undertaken through an aesthetic ethnography, research in which aesthetics is both a method and an object of research. Entrepreneurial organizations (pagode bands) were researched along community, organizational and innovative axes. It was mobilized as technique for collecting empirical material, documents, audiovisual records, interviews and observation. Narrative analysis, in turn, was the method of analysis and interpretation. This research resulted in seven national and/or international productions among articles, teaching case and book chapter. The objective of the first article was to consolidate an integrated understanding of academic production on the relationship between entrepreneurship, culture and art and to propose renewing perspectives for future research. The objective of the second article was is to integrate, structure and systematize knowledge about aesthetic ethnography in the field of Organizational Studies through the identification, selection and systematic analysis of academic production involving the Social, Human Sciences and Art. The objective of the third article was to enlarge, consolidate and discuss the understanding of entrepreneurship from the practice-based studies. The objective of the fourth article was to understand how aesthetics enhances the understanding of the embeddedness of cultural entrepreneurship. The aim of the fifth article was to explore and discuss an aesthetic perspective of entrepreneurial innovation. The sixth production, the case for teaching, aimed to encourage the aesthetic learning of cultural and artistic entrepreneurship. Lastly, we integrate a book chapter that seeks to show the vital importance of aesthetics in artistic and cultural entrepreneurship and its innovation process. The results reinforce the procedural view of entrepreneurship, discussing it as an aesthetic-political practice. Cultural entrepreneurship becomes a process of sensitivity practices in forms of seduction that improve aesthetics towards the sublime, such as entrepreneurial aesthetic innovation. We discuss contributions to artistic and musical entrepreneurship and reveal other theoretical-epistemological, methodological and pedagogical contributions to the advancement of knowledge in an aesthetic entrepreneurship. Finally, we discuss important practical contributions for entrepreneurs, educators, policymakers and practitioners within and outside symbolic economies such as the creative and cultural industries.

This research aims to understand and discuss how territoriality affects cultural entrepreneurship through a perspective that contemplates its singularities. Based on research pieces which are relevant to the fields of entrepreneurship, culture, territoriality, identity and experience, we studied, from an innovative perspective, how territoriality affects cultural entrepreneurship. The research addresses the case of the Afro block Ilê Aiyê, a non-profit and public utility institution located in Salvador, Bahia. This is a qualitative research, based on an audiovisual ethnography. The study was divided into three phases: contextualization, global design and focused design. The data collection techniques used were documentary research (contextual documents and audiovisual documents), observation (observation by walking and observation by audiovisual) and semi-structured interviews. The research was organized by articles, each contemplating one of the specific objectives. The theoretical article A aimed to elaborate and discuss perspectives and challenges for a territorial conception of cultural entrepreneurship. The article B, of a theoretical-empirical order, aimed to identify, describe, categorize and discuss the influence of territorial identity and experience in the dynamics of cultural entrepreneurship. And the article C, a teaching case, aimed to: understand the importance of the relationship between entrepreneurship and territory; to know and discuss the identity experience as a significant territorial perspective to understand entrepreneurship; and to identify how territoriality can be a promising concept in the development of entrepreneurship in the field arts and culture. The results of this research contribute to the advance of discussions on entrepreneurship, culture and territoriality by applying an innovative perspective. The research aims to help teachers, students, entrepreneurs and public policy maker in their activities.

The field study of Social Management has a demand focused on understanding a complex issue that has not yet been satisfactorily resolved by its literature: it is the difference between Social Innovation (SI) and Social Technology (ST). In this perspective, this study aimed to discuss the relationships between the concepts of SI and ST, placing them in space and time, from Classical Antiquity to the contemporary debate on each approach, reinforcing the singularities of each theme, strengthening them as research fields and pointing out their differences and complementarities. In order to structure the discussions, six hypotheses were considered, three directed to the individual trajectory of the themes and three others directed to the relations between them. To support the construction of this argument, a survey of the art state of each approach was carried out, using national, international, classic and current publications. Considering the similarities between the concepts, there was an attempt to overcome the neutral and deterministic vision of Science and Technology, the fundamental way of functioning of the global economy, as well as the broadening of our view on Science, conceiving an idea of “Science with awareness". On the other hand, from the differences and complementarities presented, it was concluded that the Brazilian discussion on SI should be based on the concept of ST, which, in turn, is inseparable from the notion of SI. Finally, it was proposed to reconfigure the concepts of science and technology based on solidary technoscience, which emerges as a promise from the social field in the pursuit of interests beyond capital.

This paper analyzes the process of interfederative cooperation between the Government of the State of Bahia and the Municipality of Salvador during the COVID-19 pandemic.  The case is accurate from the Theoryof Common Resources (CPRs).  This approach has as methodology of analysis the table Institutional Analysis  Development  Framework, from three axes: external variables, arena of action and results achieved. The nature of the method of this research was classified as exploratory and qualitative.   Interfederative cooperation is an important element in the field of public policies, especially in healthpolicy. The Unified Health System, whose collaborative bases are already in its design, since its origin in the constitutional text through the principles of hierarchization and regionalization of services was one of the precursors of interfederative cooperation in Brazilian public policies. The SUS is a model that assumes national federative articulation, with an important coordinating, inducing and funding role of the Union, but which maintains relevant autonomy of subnational governments. Internal and external factors arising from Brazilian political and economic instability in the current context of the pandemic induce changes in the way public policies are addressed, noting the health area. It is witnessed in the current conjuncture of COVID-19 that health policy in Brazil  has taken an  uncoordinated conduct federatively by the Federal Executive Power. In this way it has become quite defiant for states and municipalities in the face of the pandemic, to take care of their citizens for themselves. Thus, the vast majority of ubnational governments, acting through the interfederative co-operation, have developed actions proven effective in combating COVID-19, in line with the national and international scientific community and, to the prescriptions of the World Health Organization, as opposed to the Federal Government, which since the beginning of the pandemic position contrary to scientific evidence and the prescriptions of the World Health Organization. The work from the methodological point of view used content analysis with the use of NVIVO software12.

The aim of this thesis is to understand how the World Bank sees entrepreneurship as a tool for economic development throughout its history. In this research, economic development is understood as economic growth accompanied by a fair distribution of income and improvement in social indicators such as education, health, food, unemployment and poverty. The relationship between entrepreneurship and economic development was first established in the early twentieth century by Schumpeter, who recognized the entrepreneur as an innovative individual who, by introducing new combinations in the market, elevates him to a new level of development. Over the years, other studies such as those by Porter, Sachs and McArthur (2002) and those by the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor, cited in this work, have been developed. The World Bank, one of the most important international development organizations, started to dedicate resources to encourage entrepreneurship through investments, projects and publications of studies on the subject. Therefore, an exploratory qualitative research was carried out, through documentary survey in which content analysis was used to interpret the data. As a result of this research, we observed that entrepreneurship has been present on the World Bank's agenda since the 1950s, gaining space and importance within the discussions on the economic development of the organization, with the work directed to it, shaped according to economic thoughts. dominant of each era, but always in line with the principle of market development, competitiveness and innovation.

The main goal of this exploratory research is to investigate how the teachers of the Post-Graduation Department in Administration (NPGA) of the Federal University of Bahia comprehend the relevance and impact of their research activities to the Society. Therefore, we seek to map how these themes are present, given the relevance of the program in the national scenario, what are the researchers' interpretations of the social role of the university in the Brazilian context and their understanding of the concepts of relevance and impact of research, as well as how they believe that their professional performance impacts the society in which they are inserted. This investigation is contextualized within the debate about the role of science and the university as social transforming agents and is based on the existence of an incentive movement so that the production of knowledge would have more impact on society and the polysemy of the concept of Social impact of the research, as it can be seen through different onto-epistemological perspectives. During the problematization, a historical overview of the production of university knowledge and the extra challenges faced by the Science of Administration, the inherent gap between the academic and professional world is presented, in addition to the phenomenon of productivism as a possible antagonist to the process of expansion of the impact and relevance of research in Administration. From this context, historically, the concepts of “Relevance” and “Social impact” of the research and their measurement challenges are focused in a more detailed way. To achieve the intended objectives, an analysis of relevant documents is carried out to map how the subjects of relevance and social impact are present in the guidelines promoted by the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (Capes), in addition to conducting interviews with researchers from NPGA to understand how they see these issues. As a strategy for analyzing and interpreting the data collected, Content Analysis was used. In the end, the final considerations are presented in order to clarify possible paths to be followed in the form of an action plan. It is possible to verify, in this study, advances regarding: the conceptualization about the relevance of the research, the problematization of the phenomenon of productivism, and, finally, important directions were made regarding the role of academics, their research centers and to the public university itself, as a democratic institution of resistance, a transforming driving force of thought.

The Information Technology (IT) has been assuming in recent years an essential role in the context of the Federal Public Administration (FPA), especially in the conscious management of public resources. In this sense, to achieve such results, a good planning of the application of IT resources is essential. This planning needs to be aligned between the plans and actions of the IT corporate institution and the institutional strategies. The Information Technology Master Plan (ITMP) is the instrument that allows the conduct and monitoring of the IT area, establishing strategies and the action plan to implement them. From this context, this research aims to investigate the influence of the Critical Success Factors (CSF) in the implementation of ITMP in Federal Institutions of Higher Education (FIHE). To carry out this research, a literature review was used for the selection of works related to the theme and extraction of existing CSFs. Since no CSF were found related to ITMP, then the existing CSF were extracted for other IT Management tools, which were sent for evaluation by experts in ITMP, carried out through the modified Delphi method (MDM), to indicate which CSF of the IT Management tools can be applicable in the deployment of ITMP in FIHE. The CSF pointed out by the experts were compared with the CSF cited in the ITMP of the FIHE. As a result, nine CSF were identified that, due to their level of influence, must be observed in the implementation of ITMP in organizations of the FPA. Additionally, it was observed that the identified CSFs present an interrelationship.

This thesis aims to understand the influence of experience marketing upon the buying decision process of hamburger food truck consumers in Salvador. Seeking to understand the experience marketing according to the five dimensions proposed by Schmitt (1999, 2002, 2006, 2010) and examining these elements of the experience present in the buying decision process, this study happened to be realized through the context by consumers of the city of Salvador, participating in the two Park Truck events. Through a qualitative inductive method, a research with an inspired multisied ethnographic study – was made using three techniques for data collection viz: participant observation, shadowing and formal and informal semi-structured interviews. The data of the empirical investigation were examined on the bases of interpretative textual analysis. This thesis uses two different Park Truck events for field research (Coreto Hype and Happy Truck Food Park), which take place at different locations. These two loci were the empirical field of the investigation and, in the case of a multisited research, each locus was evaluated separately, which results seven categories emerged for the location of the Coreto Hype (Favouritism; Enjoy the street; Away from routine; Attractiveness; Familiarity; Craftsmanship; and Sustain) and five categories for the Happy Truck Food Park (Preference for hamburger; Satisfies hunger; Eating something different; Trust; and Joining friends/neighborhood). The results of the research carried out in the field of experience marketing, lead to the conclusion that, in the two loci, the sensory dimension is not the one that exerts the greatest influence on the purchase decision and is not the predominant one in the choices of these consumers. This is present in the consumption stage, that is, when the consumer eats a hamburger, in which case, flavor was the element considered to be the most prevalent. The emotional and cognitive dimensions were the dimensions considered to be the most dominant, influencing their purchasing behaviors. However, it is worth noting that some consumers approve of the taste and feel particularly well, whereas others disapprove of it, which makes us consider that the sensory aspects are individual and unique. Another finding revealed in the investigation was related to the aspects of experience marketing, present in the stages of the buying decision process of these consumers. The predomination of the dimensions of experience marketing can be noted at the moments of pre-purchase, purchase and post-consumption. With the results obtained it was possible to relate the phases of the BDP to the dominant aspects of the experience marketing present for hamburger food truck consumers of the city of Salvador, at each stage for both loci, revealing what influences the choices of these consumers in this specific context.

This thesis pertains to the educational field and focuses on the public sphere of higher education and the policies set in place to impede students’ dropouts. This study was developed through an empiric and census based research, data analysis and a case study with descriptive approach. Through this study, we seek to understand the real extent of dropouts at the Instituto Federal do Espírito Santo and the most relevant reasons for dropouts, allowing for the presentation of the main positive actions that aim at mitigating this problem. In order to accomplish these goals, the study was composed by a theoretical research about the subject and a sample of questionnaires and interviews from both students who dropped out of their courses and teachers who have experienced this phenomenon in their classrooms. The resulting data was treated and analyzed both qualitatively and quantitatively. This analysis showed that even though the two sampled groups have different perspectives relating to student dropout, as students are directly affected by it while teachers have a direct impact in the process, their answers relating to the reasons behind student dropout are similar. These reasons include but are not limited to difficulties in the learning process, which might be related to the course’s curriculum, interaction with teachers and/or difficulties born from lower education and flaws therein. The latter can still result in multiple failed subjects, bad academic performance and a general feeling that the course could
be concluded more easily in a private education institution. Another glaring factor are financial difficulties faced by many students. These often lead to a double workload for the students, who have to study and work simultaneously, and the perception that other career paths might lead to better and faster financial return, which, in turn, leads students to question their choices. Lastly, the study has been able to determine that many positive actions have been developed and put in place at Ifes. Some of these have already been proven to work, such as incentives to conduct academic researches and projects, which is one of the main reasons for students to continue their studies.

This work concerns the public non-statement management (publicization) of the Symphonic Orchestra of Bahia (Osba). It is a case report that aims to know the changes in a publicized symphonic orchestra. For this purpose, we referred to several sources of evidence such as the following documents: Master Plan for Reform of the State Apparatus (MPRSA), National Plan of Culture (NPC), Law nº 9.637/98, among others; file records, as extracts from the media, management contracts, quarterly reports from Osba delivered to the Secretary of Culture; interviews with artistic and executive directors and musicians; and direct observations at the orchestra performance venues. Thereafter, data were triangulated to perform the analysis. It was observed that in the 1990s MPRSA introduced a management model so-called “publicization”, which is based on the management transfer of non-exclusive State services to Social Organizations (SO). In 2010, NPC point towards cultural management with the articulation between the State and Civil Society and the encouragement of the adhesion of social organizations. Publicization is, therefore, a management model aligned to the purposes of the NPC regarding cultural management, to improve efficiency in public service delivery, including the orchestral performance. The results of this study indicate that publicizing Osba has brought about transformations in the areas of management, music, and work.

This research aims to propose a framework based on the Integrated Reporting (IR) approach for agro-industrial cooperatives, in order to generate value for stakeholders. To this end, it discusses the framework elements based on the IR approach for agribusiness cooperatives and surveys the information that is disclosed by agribusiness cooperatives related to six capitals proposed by the IR approach, chosen as the standard of disclosure for issues related to Environmental Social and Governance (ESG). Subsequently, it verifies the relationship that exists between the content of the information that is disclosed by agro-industrial cooperatives, related to the six capitals proposed by the IR structure, and the performance of these organizations. Data are collected from documents on the websites of cooperatives where there is space for annual publications relating to financial, management or sustainability reports. Data from RS reports refer to the year 2020; of the financial reports, to 2019. 30 cooperatives listed in the World Cooperative Monitor (WCM) database are analyzed. For data analysis, this study uses content analysis and statistical regression analysis through the econometric model, by the Pearson correlation method or multiple regression analysis. The disclosure score of the six capitals in the Corporate Social Responsability (CSR) reports works as an independent variable; the size (measured by net income) and the indebtedness of organizations play the role of control variables. The dependent variables correspond to Return On Assets (ROA), Return On Equity (ROE) and profitability. The results show a significant relationship between the disclosure of the six capitals and the performance of cooperatives, measured by ROA, ROE and profitability. This result reaffirms the importance of disclosure and transparency for the creation of value proposed by Stakeholders Theory (TS), the lens used for this research. The cooperative principles advocate serving the interests of various stakeholders in priority over the interests of the firm, which is very much in line with TS. This fact raises a research limitation, which requires further studies in non-cooperative agro-industrial organizations.

Management is constantly dealing with changes and unforeseen events, as research on organizational improvisation has shown for more than two decades. However, managers are still trained to face situations of stability and not one of organizational turmoil. We lack knowledge in teaching-learning aimed at the development of organizational improvisation skills. This qualitative research aims to problematize, propose and discuss principles, processes and teaching-learning practices that promote the development of organizational improvisation skills. A research is based on theories about organizational improvisation, theatrical improvisation and management teaching-learning. The empirical research results from three years of teaching organizational improvisation based on theatrical improvisation in a business school. The qualitative methodology was based on an artistic approach and on different sources of information. The techniques used were direct observation, document analysis, collective statements and narrative analysis. The thesis consists of five articles. The objective of the first article was to systematize the advances in academic production on organizational improvisation and discuss its integration in the teaching-learning of administration. As a result, an updated set
of relevance and themes related to organizational improvisation was organized, creating a discussion about the importance of organizational improvisation for research in teaching-learning in administration. It was also organized a set of educational approaches, relevance, barriers and perspectives that will help future research and practices to better integrate improvisation in the teaching-learning of Administration. The aim of the second article was to integrate studies on art and research methodology, bringing their contributions to potential applications in the field of Administration. As a result, a proposal of art as an epistemological foundation (art as a research practice, as a relational, transforming, bodily, aesthetic and critical practice) as a source of knowledge (visuality, corporeality, sensoriality and accessibility dimensions) and as a source of analysis and interpretation of empirical material for potential applications in the field of Administration. The aim of the third article was to understand the implications of theatrical improvisation in the teaching-learning processes of organizational improvisation. The result was the identification and organization of categories that show synergies (logic of practice, practice narrative, creativity and corporeality) entropies (shame to practice, fear of making mistakes and habit of dispersing) that explain the implications of theatrical improvisation for the teaching of organizational improvisation in the context of training contemporary managers. The aim of the fourth article was to explore how theatrical improvisation incorporates the teaching-learning of organizational improvisation. The result was organized into three types of learning practices: relationality (with oneself, with others, with rules, with the whole and with creativity), emotionality (joy, surprise and anxiety) and spontaneity (relaxation and intuition). The purpose of the fifth article was to encourage learning about: (a) the crucial importance of improvisation for contemporary organizations and managers; (b) the role of imperfection, cooperation and competition for the practice of organizational improvisation and (c) the challenges and skills of  improvisation for managers. The result was the production of a teaching case that encourages learning about the importance of improvisation for contemporary organizations and managers.

The political process of pension reform in Brazil: from FHC to Bolsonaro is a study whose general objective was to analyze the political processes underlying pension reforms and their results in the social protection system. As an analytical framework, we used the assumptions of incremental science developed by Charles Lindblom and supported by the empirical studies of Aaron Wildavsky's budget process. As for the methodological aspects, it is a qualitative research that used: the method of narratives to reconstruct the histories of the political processes of pension reforms, from the analysis of journalistic materials, diaries of the national congresses, proposals for amendment to the constitution and complementary laws. As a result, it was identified that both the political process and the results of the reforms occur incrementally, as the political processes are formed by diverging objectives and values and decisions are made not based on the values surrounding the protection systems. But of the decisions that each one would make in relation to the problem. It was also possible to identify from the results of the changes, that the reforms aimed at improving the income distribution of the system and making it more egalitarian, have shrunk earnings and transformed the social protection system into a minimum income program.

In the field of management innovation is considered a central factor for competitiveness and longevity. In this sense, it is fundamental to identify how favorable the environment for innovation is, for attaining success of a company. This research presents the characterization of the environment for innovation in a company named here as "Alpha", winner of the National Award for Innovation (Prêmio Nacional da Inovação) for two consecutive terms, using as a conceptual basis a version of the Minnesota Innovation Survey (MIS), originally proposed by Van de Ven, Angle and Poole (2000), as part of the Minnesota Innovation Research Program (MIRP), based on five key concepts: ideas, people, transactions, context and results. The research was carried out in two stages: first, a quanti-qualitative identification of the innovation environment was performed, using an adapted questionnaire/survey that consists of 45 questions using a 1-to-5 point Likert scale, grouped into 21 dimensions, which analyze the internal environment, external environment and results, together with document analysis and an interview with a director responsible for conducting the innovation program; second, an analytical comparison was performed, with information obtained from the company and from other studies carried out in innovative Brazilian companies that used the MIS as a framework. As a result, 16 dimensions were identified that received higher scores regarding the innovation environment at company Alpha, according to the innovation team. The importance of these dimensions is confirmed with other studies in innovative Brazilian companies. Only 2 of these dimensions were not significant nor favorable to the innovative performance according to most studies. For future research, it is suggested to carry out a survey involving innovative companies at the national level, aiming to provide a benchmark.

The aim of this study is to investigate the potential behind utilising two different evaluation methodologies simultaneously, namely the “Mandala for Reflective Self-assessment of Sustainability Based on Social Utility” and the “Guide for Socio-environmental Impact Assessment for Use in Investment Impact”. Each of the respective methodologies contribute with its own concepts, notions as well as a wide range of assessment techniques. In this sense, the objective of this work is threefold: (i) to situate the context of origin and development of the theme of evaluating social utility and social impact, (ii) to carry out the experience of using the evaluation methodologies in an applied scenario, and (iii) to present an analysis of what approximates and differentiates the respective evaluation methodologies. In order to carry out this investigation, the methodologies were applied and integrated into the performance of a Community Development Bank in Matarandiba, Brazil, which supports itself through its socioeconomic efforts that ultimately aim to strengthen the local economy. The research is characterised by its qualitative and interpretive nature which uses content analysis as its data analysis technique. Thus, the study points to the understanding of different bases of the two notions through the methodologies that are related by social utility and social impact, which express different aspects in terms of sought legitimacy, scale of effects and methods employed. When confronting the main points of reference of both methodologies, it is possible to establish significant distinctions as to the preference for participatory procedures and negotiated with the appropriation and adaptation of criteria and indicators for social purposes overlapping with issues of social utility, while on the other hand, there are procedures of a different nature -
summative assessment subject to the concept of social impact which establish a basis of understanding based on verification of intervention processes on an objective view to measure impact.

This thesis deals with the phenomenon of corporate education (EC) as a sociodiscursive problem. It delimits the Brazilian academic field as a social field of investigation. The central question is: how does the Brazilian academic field act, represent and identify discursively (with) CE? The general objective is to investigate the discursive practices about CE in the Brazilian academic field, seeking to understand potential social practices, (networks of) orders of speech and trends of discursive changes. Therefore, it is defined as specific objectives, to analyze in this field: (1) discursive representations and identifications about CE in the literary genre; (2) discursive representations and identifications about CE in the social event genre; (3) discursive representations and identifications about CE in the teaching social actor genre; (4) convergences, divergences and silences that emerge from the discursive formations analyzed. This is a qualitative research, based on interpretative and critical-discursive approach, situated in the theoretical and onto-epistemic-methodological intersection of Critical Discourse Analysis (ACD), as formulated by Norman Fairclough, and Studies Critical Organizations (EORC). In the context of a dialogue woven between these two approaches, which propose the notions of discourse and power in critical perspectives, the study assumes language as an irreducible part of social practices. The methods used were documentary research, qualitative interview and non-participant observation, defined in investigations with corpus of data collected and generated in three academic discursive genres (GD): literary (books), social event (congress) and social actor (teacher). ACD's main categories for data analysis were interdiscursivity, intertextuality, metaphor, generic structure, representation of events and social actors, evaluation and modality. They have been articulated with social categories of ideological strategies and comprehensive trends of changes in progress in the orders of discourse (OD): commoditization, technologization, and democratization. The results point to the construction of three central DO: (1) the discursive practices of CE as a model of unilinear colonization of the epistemic mainstream of knowledge of postmodern management theories of the field of administration; (2) the discursive practices of CE as a model of professional education under the logic of constructing a discursive hybridization for the formation of the “citizen-employee”; and (3) the discursive practices of CE as a model of university and business partnership (U-E) synergy for changes in a “negotiated” education. These OD indicate how the discursive practices of CE in this field are fragmented by ideological strategies, re-signified in trends of contemporary discursive changes of local OD, on the one hand, by linking them to the field of postmodern business management theories, but of on the other hand, as part of a macrosocial hegemonic discourse based on the relationship between business, education and the market. However, it is also stated that from the contradiscursive confluences that shape the academic-scientific field it is possible new formations and transformations of these sociodiscursive practices.

This thesis argues that there is a significant positive relationship between metacognition and professional success and that the entrepreneurial profile mediates this relationship. The main objective of this study was to identify to what extent the metacognition has an effect on professional success, mediated by the entrepreneurial profile. The relevance of this study is in offering theoretical subsidies which contribute to the practice of professionals, scholars and entrepreneurs, since on examining the positive relationship between the variables, it was found that the metacognition has a significant relationship with professional success. This study contributes as an instrument of scientific research related to metacognition, which can have an effect on the professional, economic and social contexts. This study identified that learning and improving characteristics such as opportunity detection, control, persistence, creativity, planning ability, leadership, respect, relationship, using previous strategies, obtaining prior knowledge of a task and selecting the best options helps to achieve professional success. The results indicated that the orientation of objectives has a significant direct and indirect relationship with professional success. Therefore, working on characteristics and skills on how to set goals and evaluate the progress of a task increases the chances of achieving professional success. The results have also demonstrated that metacognitive knowledge and experience metacognitive has a significant relationship with professional success, but only when the variable mediator entrepreneur profile is entered. The results have also indicated that the dimensions metacognitive choice and monitoring have no significant direct or indirect relationship with professional success. A survey was used with 194 respondents composed of professionals in the fields of Administration, Accounting and Economics from public and private colleges/universities of the state of Sergipe. The questionnaire was composed of questions from the three constructs of this thesis: metacognition, entrepreneurial profile and professional success. For the data analysis we used the Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling

In the public sector's computerization process, software emerges as a key element, due to the growing need to provide citizens with ever faster and more efficient services, needing to manipulate large volumes of data. The Brazilian Public Software Project  was designed to maximize the reuse of software by public management in the three spheres: federal, state and municipal. For the present work, the municipal sphere was chosen because it is an organizationally complex environment due to its nature, with an intricate structural, political and economic reality. The objective of this paper is to analyze, from an institutional perspective, how the technological, organizational and environmental factors influence the use of Public Software by the municipal administration, through a multiple case study of the use of the integrated e-Cidade system. For this purpose, based on the Institutional Theory and the TOE Framework, a Conceptual Study Model was created from which the Theoretical-Operational model used in the research was developed. According to these models, institutional pressures influenced the use of the system through factors of the Technological, Organizational and Environmental dimensions. Among the various Public Software  systems developed specifically for the municipal administration, the E-city, an integrated municipal management system, type ERP, was chosen as the object of study. The models developed were applied through a multiple case study conducted in five large Brazilian cities, users of the e-Cidade system: Bagé, Natal. Niterói, Sete Lagoas and Volta Redonda. The analysis of the collected data showed evidence that all the analyzed municipalities are under the action of institutional pressure. It was also identified that the current technological, organizational and environmental dimensions motivated the use, and the technological dimension has prevalence over the other two. The analysis showed that institutional pressures influence the use of the E-city system through the factors of the other three dimensions. Additionally, it was also noticed the occurrence of a connection that had not been foreseen in the previously designed Conceptual and Operational Theoretical Models. In addition to the institutional pressures that influence the use of the software by the factors of the other three dimensions, these pressures also directly affect the use of the system, which was not expected, and caused the models to be redesigned so that the detected connection was exposed.

Internet-based social platforms have favored collaboration, as well as sharing and interaction, and are being appropriated in the dimensions of human activity in its most diverse contexts, including in the health area, with repercussions on the activities, roles and skills of health-care professionals and peers. Within this context, there is Shared Medical Decision, a multidimensional process seen as a resource that leads to the reduction of inequality of information, of influence between doctors and patients, and, on the other hand, the Internet exposes scientific information to these actors, building a conjuncture of benefits and damages. Therefore, the procedure does not seem to follow this new dynamic, leaving a gap in the factors that influence clinical decision. Thus, this thesis analyzed the implications caused by collaboration, intermediated by virtual social networks, in the Shared Medical Decision Making process, and whether they bring a contemporary design to the clinical treatment decision process. This investigation was based on some theoretical contributions from the Adaptive Structuring Theory, related to the appropriation of technologies and the i3C model of interactive collaboration. Then, adopting a qualitative, exploratory-descriptive approach, 20 physicians and 14 patients from the municipality of Aracaju/SE were interviewed. After coding and categorizing the data provided, it was possible to list and discuss the profile of the appropriation of social media in the locus of this research, which is configured as stable, confirming the processes of interaction and communication between doctors and patients permeated by social media, validating the presence of collaboration permeated by collaborative technologies, in addition to suggesting new behaviors for the category Coordination, perceived in this research as self-managed, and for Cooperation, which had intensified interactive behaviors between doctors and patients, and thus presenting the interactive collaboration framework for the realization of the Shared Medical Decision, which describes the reality of these dimensions in practice. The idea was to propose, from the reality found, an articulation of theoretical perspectives within the field of Administration and Health, establishing connections that seek to integrate epistemologically and methodologically issues related to interactive collaboration in Shared Medical Decision Making, since Information Systems researchers are examining the use of technology in different personal and social contexts.

The film industry consists of the tripod: production, distribution and exhibition. This thesis deals with cinema distribution and exhibition. The general objective is to understand the distribution and exhibition of cinema, in Salvador, Bahia, from 1950 to 1959, and the specific objectives are to describe the distribution, describe the exhibition, and to interpret the distribution and exhibition of cinema, in Salvador, from 1950 to 1959. To fulfill these objectives: a historical interpretative approach to the distribution and exhibition of cinema was constructed as an organizational phenomenon; and a historical-organizational study was carried out using an open and flexible model of qualitative research. The sources researched were: periodicals, company records and other documents on the cinema of collections of organizations and individuals; and individuals involved in the production, distribution and exhibition of cinema in Salvador. The analysis of the data collected from these sources resulted in descriptions of cinema distribution and exhibition in Salvador, from the years 1950 to 1959. In the description of the cinema distribution, the following were highlighted: the distributors. In the description of the cinema exhibition, the following were highlighted: the intellectual Walter da Silveira; the chronicler Hamilton Correia; filmmaker Glauber Rocha; movie theaters; the entrepreneur Francisco Pithon; the Bahia Film Club (CCB); and other organizations. The analysis of these descriptions resulted in the interpretation of cinema distribution and exhibition, in Salvador, in the years 1950 to 1959 under two emerging themes: the distributor and the exhibitor in the cinema market in Salvador in the 1950s; and the intellectual, the entrepreneur and the chronicler in the cinema exhibition in Salvador in the 1950s. Under the focus of the distributor and the exhibitor in the cinema market it was found: the concentration of the distributor market generating a dominance over the exhibition, provoked by the lack of Brazilian legislation on the cinema tripod; the performance of the distributor Wenceslão Verde during the 1950s. Beginning in 1946, as a simple commercial representative and arriving at the end of 1959, as representative of most film producers. Under the focus of the intellectual, the entrepreneur and the chronicler in the cinema exhibition, it was verified: the intellectuality of Walter da Silveira, who, when promoting art cinema, through the Clube de Cinema da Bahia, shaped an entire generation; Francisco Pithon´s entrepreneurship, which revolutionized the exhibition sector; and the presence of the chronicler Hamilton Correia, who, in addition to having witnessed the changes in the cinema sector, left them registered for the next generations. In summary, it was understood that the distribution and exhibition of cinema in Salvador, from 1950 to 1959, were fundamental for cinema as an industry and art.

In this field, the number of civil society initiatives that propose to create alternatives that, in addition to promoting economic insertion, are intended to provide other benefits for citizens, is significant. In a territory in the state of Bahia - Brazil, there is an example of society organization, to considered as the focus of this study and they are articulated through a local integrated development program – called PDCIS. The first organizations of this program were created from the farmers' initiative, support from institutions, such as the Kellogg Foundation, the Airton Senna Institute, the National Bank for Economic and Social Development (BNDES) and, above all, the Odebrecht Foundation (BAIARDI, 2007), in order to improve the living conditions of residents of this territory. However, despite this role and the existence of numerous organizations, the impact that these effectively have on people's lives is often unknown (FRANÇA FILHO, 2004). These results of these organizations are dealt with in the literature through various terminologies, such as effectiveness (MAURER, 2016), or for example social impact (MITCHELL, 2014; MAZZA et al., 2016; e and FRANÇA, 2017; 2019). Another term uses is "social utility", primarily adopted in this study, and considers that these results are multidimensional and aim to reduce / eliminate social inequalities. the term is an expression of what is understood as the role of civil society organizations that were here studied: of guiding choices by the expected social utility and not under the traditional logic of the market. The use of this term is also a political act, because “the notion of social utility must, therefore, serve to mark territory, demanding specific regulations, legal and fiscal, in essence” (GADREY, 2005, p. 517).

The need to demonstrate this social utility led to the accomplishable of evaluation procedures and therefore studies on the topic are highlighted (SILVA JUNIOR, 2016), however, as yet verified by the literature, there is still no filling in the practical and theoretical gaps with regard to the assessment of the social utility of these civil society organizations. In this sense, the main objective is to build, together with the organizational subjects, a methodology for assessing the social utility of civil society organizations that considers the perspective of the beneficiaries. For this purpose, it is intended: (i) demystify the idea of evaluation in civil society organizations; (ii) to present the incentives and obstacles for carrying out the evaluation in these organizations; (iii) to analyze the evaluation practices found in the literature and those used by civil society organizations in a network of organizations located in a territory of Bahia- Brazil; (iv) together with the actors of that network, to build a methodology and submit it to the appreciation of these actors; and, finally, (iv) reassess the proposed methodology and based on the results of its submission to the field analysis, suggest a co-constructed methodology for assessing social utility. Co-construction comprises precisely this process of building together with the organizational subjects and the beneficiaries. To this end, the following investigation procedures were used: observation, individual in-depth interviews and interviews through focus groups, together with five managers, six employees and three beneficiaries of seven civil society organizations formally and informally linked to the PDCIS program. In addition, the following documents were analyzed: instruments and assessment reports that were already or were carried out in these organizations.

The result is a proposed methodology that assumes the following assumptions: (a) to be multidimensional, (b) consider that evaluated subjects are actors active construction of this methodology and completion of the evaluation, (c) being flexible to adjust itself to different types of organizations as they work in contexts and with different objectives, and (d) be based, above all , from the perspective of beneficiaries, aiming to reduce the biases of the process assessment. A contribution observed in this research is related to some incentives for the evaluation, mainly related to the search for the understanding and improvement of the processes and interventions, and to legitimation of organizations with investors and society in general. It was also possible to reveal that even organizations that are very structured in terms of resources do not have a culture of evaluation of social utility, although we have seen some practices and advances. Some of the challenges we encounter in the field help to explain this scenario, for example, the lack of qualification for the synthesis and analysis of the data collected in the evaluation; the difficulty in measuring the results of some of the objectives with a good cause-effect relationship; the difficulties with software for the evaluation; and the difficulty in better understanding how to direct the financial, human and material resources that are already used for evaluation. Another contribution of the field is in the proof that the first stage of the evaluation, necessarily, must be the diagnosis of the organizational practices developed to evaluate. In this work, we found that all organizations considered have already adopted some practice of evaluating social utility, considering at least some of the dimensions. Although we found this evidence, during the investigation process we became aware that an external consultancy was hired to carry out an evaluation. However, even including some important actors of the organizations in the process of defining the indicators, this consultancy did not consider the routines that organizations adopted for this evaluation. Thus, also in the field, we had the confirmation that sometimes the evaluations make this mistake of not considering and incorporating the knowledge that the field has about evaluation, in terms of theories and practice.

This qualitative research aims to understand, problematize, and categorize the management of arts-driven organizations through the lens of aesthetics, highlighting their potential and challenges. The fields of arts-driven organizations management and organizational aesthetics were used as a theoretical basis. In order to achieve the main objective of this study, autoethnography was used a research methodology that uses the researcher's experiences as a lens. The researcher has accumulated 20 years of experience as arts-driven organizations manager and she had worked in the most diverse sectors of the productive chain of the arts. Six experiences lived in Brazil and two experiences lived in Australia during the exchange doctorate period were chosen. Strangeness is part of the process of self-ethnographic research: this is when the researcher confronts his experiences with other peers to complement, rectify or ratify information and perceptions. For the strangeness, ten artistic organizations in Brazil were researched through interviews with their managers, observation, and documents. The thesis is structured by articles. The first article is theoretical and inaugurates in Brazil an integrated, broad and consolidated view of academic production of arts-driven organizations management. The second article is about the autoethnographic method. The third article is theoretical-empirical and resulted in the expansion of the current logic of thinking in consumption, focused only on product management, highlighting aesthetic consumption as a powerful path for the management and sustainability of artistic organizations. The fourth article is theoretical-empirical and provides a holistic interpretation of academic production on the arts-driven organization management and presents a basis for reconceptualizing the arts-driven organization management from an aesthetic perspective. The fifth article is a case for teaching and raises learning on challenges and singularities of an arts-driven organization from the perspective of its management. The results obtained revealed singularities, potentialities, and challenges for the arts-driven organizations, which had not yet been theorized through the perspective of aesthetics. As a result, this research brings important contributions to the fields of arts-driven organization management and the field of organizational aesthetics, to the autoethnographic method and to the practices of managers, teachers, researchers, public policy makers and social development.

This dissertation aims to analyze the approximations and distances between what is the sharing and what is practiced by the users of organizations acting in what has been called the sharing economy. To that end, it was studied the practices of sharing in two organizations that propose to share physical spaces, such as apartments, houses, rooms, with people from all over the world: Airbnb and Servas. The first of these, which emerged in 2008, is a for-profit organization that proposes to offer prices below the traditional hospitality market, and the second is a non-profit organization, founded in 1949, with the ideal of promoting tolerance and peace through a network of free hospitality. The main assumption is that the practice of sharing exists in Servas, while existing practices in Airbnb more closely approximate what has been called pseudo-sharing. While the principles of sharing can be clearly identified among Servas members, such principles are barely perceptible among Airbnb users. Thus, the organizations inserted in this context could be divided into two groups: those that actually practice sharing such as those represented by Servas members; and those practicing pseudo-sharing like those represented by Airbnb users. Mauss's gift theory was used as a lens of analysis for the practice of sharing in such organizations. Twelve interviews were conducted, six with Airbnb users and six with Servas members, and later content analysis was undertaken. The results revealed that, while in Servas, one can observe a great similarity between the sharing from the donation and the practices found in it, in Airbnb what is observed is a certain distance between the notion of sharing and the practices found in the same, confirming, thus, the assumption presented. Due to the dissonance between the notion and the practices that occur in organizations such as Airbnb, it is suggested, at the end of the paper, the use of terms and expressions that best represent the practices of such organizations, such as demand economy, access economy or platform economy for organizations such as Airbnb; whereas for those that present an approximation between the notion and the practice of sharing, they can be called the
"sharing economy". The present work contributes to a better understanding of how practices are given in organizations that can be considered examples of what has been called the sharing economy and how these practices can be approached or distanced from the practice of sharing. Such a contribution constitutes an attempt to undo the present confusion in the use of the term "sharing economy". Future studies may better seek to present and analyze the practice field of organizations that practice sharing as a way of demystifying the pseudo-sharing practices of large companies in the market.

Financial education is a topic that has become increasingly important worldwide. In recent years, several channels have appeared on YouTube dealing with financial education. The experience of these content producers is quite diverse: some are professional financial advisors with extensive training, while others are beginners who share their financial experiences. This study aims to analyze the supply of financial education (understood as the content that is posted by youtubers) and the demand for financial education (understood as the visualization of this content by users) in order to understand how worried Brazilians are with this theme. An innovative approach based on a machine learning instrument, probabilistic topic modeling, was used to analyze and label 6,711 video transcriptions, corresponding to more than 1,400 hours of duration. The topics generated were divided into categories proposed from the premise that the concepts treated in financial education present varying stages of sophistication and complexity, which individuals learns gradually, with the aim of improving their financial well-being. The analysis of the indicators of supply and demand reveals that Brazilians looking for financial education content on YouTube are more concerned with less sophisticated themes and more focused on the short term, thus confirming our initial hypothesis, since in Brazil a culture of savings and investment has not been created, it is still a developing economy, it has social inequality and deficiencies in education. The results may contribute to the development of public policies that make the population aware of the importance of long-term financial planning.

The pursuit of a sense and news ways of seeing work presents a path to growth and personal satisfaction leading organizations to discuss quality of life at work (QLW) of their workers. This search finds in the Quality of Life Program at Work an important support, where the real condition of growth and organizational development can be created, with workers satisfied with their life in and out of work. This thesis has as objective to verify the Quality of Life Program at Work at Federal University of Bahia (UFBA) and how is perceived by workers. Therefore, we carried out a documentary analysis, exploratory research and a descriptive and mixed study with a qualitative and quantitative approach, through online questionnaire. We attempted to verify the perception of 362 servers about the QLW actions offered by the organization in respect to: General aspects, Offer of actions, Incentive to participate in actions and Effectiveness. Allied to there search method, the theoretical reference was based on the review of various models of QLW, through authors such Limongi-França (2011), Ferreira (2017) and Fernandes (1996). The results brought the Quality of Life Program at Work within the theorical conception of  Limongi-França (2011) and Walton (1973) with predominantly assistentialist actions. The results from the qualitative analysis brought elements to researches about a QLW concept for UFBA. The speech of the workers brought factors  about the program, confirming results of the quantitative analysis, within the recognition of the relevance of the program, the need for divulgation, little organizational incentive and managers for workers to participate in the QLW actions. The results conclude that, despite the existence of program in the organization, there is a mismatch between the offer of the program and its demand, resulting in the need for adjustments, aiming at its improvement.

This exploratory and descriptive research aimed to analyze the role of interaction with the innovation environment and the development stage in organizational learning capacity (OLC) in Brazilian Northeastern startups based on the perception of the managers of these companies. This is a quantitative study. In the exploratory phase, in order to delimit the scope of this work, as well as its object of study, techniques of documentary analysis, non-participative observation and unstructured interview with actors of Bahia's innovation environment were applied. The database of 758 Northeastern startups registered in the Brazilian Startups Association (ABSTARTUP) was defined as the sampling frame, and the startup and its manager as the unit and sample element of the survey, respectively. During the descriptive phase, questionnaires were sent to the managers of startups in the Northeastern Brazilian states via electronic means (Facebook, WhatsApp, LinkedIn and e-mail). Through the collection instrument, information about the profile of companies was collected, especially in the which refers to their stage of development and interaction with the innovation environment and the perception of the presence of facilitators to the organizational learning capacity. 54 completed instruments were returned, composing a non-probabilistic sample. The collected data were analyzed through descriptive analysis and multiple linear regression. The obtained results revealed that the startup managers, who respond them, perceive that the level of interaction of the companies is still little frequent with the innovation environment, and the spaces called co-working are the most used. Likewise, data analysis pointed out that the same managers identify as significant the presence of OLC facilitators in their companies, with a greater emphasis on those who compound the dimensions of experimentation and dialogue. For the stages of development, the managers of the sample units affirm that it represents, in the majority, companies during the growth phase, followed by companies in the validation phase and finally, those that are in the formatting phase. The hypothesis was confirmed, (H1) higher levels of the startups' developmental stage are positively associated with higher levels of organizational learning capacity (OLC) in the sample. It was not confirmed the hypothesis (H2) in which it was inferred that the level of startup interaction with the innovation environment is positively associated with its organizational learning capacity. Neither was confirmed the hypothesis (H3) that affirmed that the size of the startup is negatively associated to its organizational learning capacity. However, a negative association between the startup type being of manufacturing and its OLC level, but with a significance of α <0.1, which increases the Type 1 error risk of this conclusion. This research is not generalizable and has as main limitations the small size of the sample and its collection instrument on OLC present individual perceptions of what would be the reality of the companies studied.

This dissertation aims to understand the dynamics of the monetary circuits of social currencies in two territories in the Northeast of Brazil. To reach this, we study two cases as units of analysis, through a qualitative, descriptive and exploratory approach, in order to map aspects of the social currency experiences and their territories. A general survey of the experiences of the Northeast region was conducted through interviews with 21 Community Development Banks, CDBs, among the 52 existing at the time of this research. These interviews took place during the CDBs Network Project Evaluation Meeting, at the School of Administration at UFBA. After the survey, two experiences were relevant, with great potential to contribute to the research because they have a large volume of social currency in circulation in the territory: Banco dos Cocais / PI and Banco Rede Opala / PI. Field visits took place at two different moments in each of the chosen cities, and 85 semi-structured questionnaires were applied to each of them. Regarding data analysis, a detailed mapping of the alternative monetary circuit that was created in each selected territory was undertaken. For this, Ucinet and Netdraw software were used for database assembly and network design, respectively. They allowed the identification of the actors involved and the directions of currency flows between them. The results obtained through this research suggest the confirmation of their initial assumption that social currencies have the potential to influence and boost local economies, promoting territorial development, as they constitute a potential instrument of local economic development alternative to the dominant financial logic, therefore, they can be considered as an innovative monetary practice that stimulates new collective actions and restores the agents' ability to influence the flows of the local economy. They also point out that the contextual aspects of each territory mean that the performance of each CDBs and their respective social currencies may have different effects and interfere in the dynamics of the monetary circuits of social currencies. At this juncture, in the city of São João do Arraial, with about 50,000 Cocais in circulation, in a territory of 7,000 inhabitants, the importance of the social currency and the Community Bank in the local economy and in the daily lives of its residents is notorious. An important aspect in this context is the lack of conventional banks in the city and Banco dos Cocais is the only correspondent bank. This same aspect, in the city of Pedro II, proves to be an inhibitor of the flow of social currency circulation, since the municipality has conventional bank branches and most of the residents interviewed, from the city of 45 thousand inhabitants, say they do not feel the need to use CDB services and trade social currencies. It is considered, therefore, that in a larger territory the impact in terms of quantity, when it comes to the volume of money, is smaller and the circuit is shorter. Still in Pedro II, it was noticed that the monetary circuit becomes short among users. It should be noted that, according to the research findings, social currencies cannot be considered as just a means of economic exchange, their methodology is allied to a fairer local development, in which their benefits and losses can be more evenly distributed.

The work carried out the construction of a scale of wisdom for teaching and its validation in
Brazil. Teaching knowledge, coming from a variety of sources and transformed throughout
practice, is important for the work of the teacher, influencing his own professional
constitution and his teaching. Based mainly on the contributions of Tardif (2014), Gauthier et
al. (2006) and Shulman (1986, 1987), and following the scale construction protocols for latent
constructs (DE VELLIS, 2016), I proposed a scale with a core of knowledge consisting of
eight dimensions and 32 items. The content knowledge, curricular, educational sciences,
didactics of mediation of the subject, didactic mediation of the class, ludo-sensitive, the
context and the institutional wisdom are contemplated. After semantic validation and expert
analysis, the scale was applied and inserted in a questionnaire that included questions about
the respondent's performance and formative trajectory. 829 professors from the 27 federative
units of Brazil and from all levels of education were in the study. From the confirmatory factor analysis, the scale showed convergente and discriminant validity and reliability. Multi-group analysis indicated that the scale presents consistent indicators for all levels of education(kindergarten, elementary, high school and higher education). Similar results also indicate consistency among graduates and among public school teachers. Then, the SABERES scale becomes a research tool that can be used to identify relationships between teacher knowledge and other aspects of teacher education, such as time of profession, area of work, impact of material conditions of work and contribution of the different modalities in the formative trajectories.

This thesis aims to study the Assistance Regulation for access to health services, in the implementation of the SUS Health Care Network. It is understood that the normative mechanisms that have been adopted by the regulatory action within SUS are not adherent to a conception of regulation as a social practice, which presupposes a continuous implementation of Health Care Network. The conception of health care network, ordered by primary care through a systemic integration between the points of attention of different care complexities, is configured in practice as a process that involves conflicts and tensions, and are not subject to only normative control. This contradiction has made that the Health Care Regulation of the SUS is considered as a barrier to access to health services. The general objective of this study is to analyze the patterns of structuring that guide the network integration, through the regulatory action of access to prenatal and childbirth services, within the scope of SUS, in Salvador - Ba. It also seeks to analyze the configuration of the communication network produced from the perspective of managers and professionals and users in the search for access to services, involving primary care units and other points of attention, as well as identify the possibilities and constraints produced by the social structure under the regulatory action for the integration of the Health Care Network in the SUS. This analysis is based on the theory of structuring, which argues that action shapes structure and structure molds action symbiotically into the reality of social systems, establishing the reproduction or transformation of social practices over time, in a given context . These elements can be observed in the social practices produced in the interaction between the actors involved in the regulatory action for access to health services in SUS. This research is characterized as qualitative, of the explanatory type. It is a case study, whose locus of empirical research was the city of Salvador-Bahia, the prenatal and childbirth care network analyzed is composed by the Regulatory Complex and health care units, including points of attention in the categories of basic care, outpatient services, emergency services and maternity units, distributed in the territory in 12 Health Districts. Documentary research, an exploratory analysis of secondary data and semi-structured interviews were used as instruments and techniques for collecting the empirical data. The results demonstrate that there is a multiplicity of social actors involved in regulatory action whose performance developed in constant interaction with other actors is not completely controllable. In the description of the structure, normative rules and semantic rules were identified, as well as practices for mobilizing the resources offered in the care network. It was observed that the social practices produced in the regulatory action are asymmetric, presenting contradictions can produce, on the one hand a favorable condition to the particularist possibilities of integration between points of the network, and on the other hand generate constraints to the systemic performance of the attention as access.

The aim of this thesis is to discuss hydro-climatic risk governance in the South-Western Amazon, proposing guidelines for the construction of an alternative systemic model, in order to prevent the aggravation of the existing risk context in this region. The research is justified by the absence of studies on risk-based governance involving climate and Amazonian waters, especially considering the used neo-systemic approach. Thus as its main theoretical axis we adopted the vision of social systems and risk of Niklas Luhmann (2005), this qualitative and exploratory study was based on the discussion about the systemic construction process of hydro-climatic risk governance. The methodological strategy was based on a documentar survey and in-depth interviews in the states of Acre and Rondônia with 71 public managers, and the data was treated through the technique of content analysis. As the main results, we found that while Acre formed an architecture that favors economic fund-raising in the carbono market, based on an organizational articulation that approaches the governance vision with the Incentive System for Environmental Services in Rondônia the Law of Climate Governance was recently approved and there is a long process ahead of political persuasion, regulation and formation of an economic chain. Despite such disparity in the two states there is an efficient management of hydro-climatic emergencies, due to the structural coupling between the National Water Agency, the Amazon Protection System (SIPAM), Mineral Resources Research Company (CPRM) and specifically in Acre, the Institute of Climate Change. In both states, it can be said that there are systemic disconnections related to prevention that impede advances in the governance of risks related to climate and water, such as political-systemic exclusions of agribusiness municipalities and producers in Acre and significant political pressure from these same producers for non-implementation of hydroclimatic risks in Rondônia. Despite this context, we believe that it is possible to propose guidelines for a systemic model of hydro-climatic risk governance. As central guidelines, it is suggested: focus on the climatic variability for a more adequate negotiation with the economic subsystem; improvements in the communicative processes between functional (political, economic, legal and scientific) and organizational systems; strengthening of actions in municipalities, especially the formation of a more expressive technical-environmental group of public workers. Finally, the thesis proposes the creation of an economicenvironmental treaty for the Acre and Madeira river basins, in order to increase the monitoring and prevention of the aggravation of the existing risk context.

The objective of this research is to evaluate BNDES financing granting mechanisms, in the indirect operations modality, that is, those performed through agents. This theme is justified, on the one hand, by the importance of this Agency in the financing of investments in the country, on the other, by the fact that this operational modality allows the diffusion of BNDES financing throughout the national territory, benefiting mainly small and medium enterprises. Another important aspect is that indirect operations accounted for more than half of the Agency's total funding over the last fifteen years. Due to the relevance of this source of investment financing and the modality used for its territorial diffusion, which involves the participation of the National Financial System, it would be desirable for financial institutions to act neutrally in providing such resources. Financial institutions, however, are companies that have business strategies, compete for market share and seek, through their operations, to build a portfolio of assets that generate the greatest return in time for their controllers and managers. This procedure ends up interfering with credit availability. In order to analyze these issues, a post-Keynesian analytical perspective will be adopted, which includes elements capable of accounting for the implications of the behavior of the banking firm on the offer of credit, and in particular the financing through BNDES onlending. The literature points out that these problems in credit supply occur both nationally and regionally. Therefore, the research seeks to evaluate the limitations in the regional offer of BNDES financing, in the indirect operations modality, resulting from the conduct of financial institutions. Using an annual series of financial and economic data for Brazilian municipalities, variables were constructed to be tested using an econometric model. The main results extracted from the tests are: first of all, the irrelevance of preference for liquidity in explaining financing to municipalities; second, the importance of uncertainty in regional funding discrimination, which becomes larger, the smaller the municipality; and the importance of per capita GDP as a structural element in explaining this supply of financing.

Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system implementations still have a high failure rate. As with practice, the amount of studies on the subject puts the public service at a disadvantage compared to private initiative, since it has not received the same attention from researchers. One of the suggested proposals for project management is the approach from choosing the Implementation Critical Success Factors (CSF). Moreover, considering the importance of the organizational field and the need and going beyond the technical aspects of implementation, the objective of the thesis was to analyze how the management of FCS elements influences the implementation of ERP in a public organization, considering coercive, mimetic and normative institutional pressures. With a qualitative approach, the case analyzed was the implementation of ERP at the Federal University of Vale do São Francisco (Univasf), with the help of data collected through documents, observation script and semi-structured interview script – this one, applied to the 14 members of the University system implementation committee. Of the theoretical assumptions made, two were confirmed. Thus, the main results of the research indicate that institutional pressures exert influences that make it difficult to manage the elements of the FCS organizational and technological order. Moreover, in individualized analysis, it was concluded that the FCS elements of technological ERP implementation receive more institutional pressures. Research has also shown that FCS elements that receive coercive pressure require more management initiatives from the implementation team. Finally, institutional pressures moderate FCS management, but it is the management initiatives that determine the implementation process.

The sharing economy (SE) is a phenomenon that presents growth on a global scale and has been gaining great socioeconomic and environmental importance in contemporary times. The research on this phenomenon is recent and challenging not only because of existing dissonances and the diffuse way literature has been constructed, but also because of its multifaceted nature which is a result from the breadth and complexity inherent to the multiplicity of emerging initiatives. Therefore, the general objective pursued in this thesis is to develop an analytical model that embraces the multiple faces of the sharing economy and helps to better understand its logic and forms of manifestation. To this end, the following specific objectives were defined: a) to systematically investigate the literature on SE; b) to identify the definitions and terms related to SE highlighting similarities and distinctions; c) to propose a comprehensive definition for SE; d) to identify the existing categorizations, typologies and taxonomies in the literature; e) to create new categories and subcategories by mapping the initiatives mentioned; and f) to propose an integrative framework. Thus, an exploratory and descriptive research with a qualitative approach was developed employing a methodology consisting of three phases: i) the systematic review of the literature and meta-analysis; i) the mapping of the initiatives mentioned in the literature and documentary research; and iii) the exploratory research in the field as a support. The literature search was based on journal articles indexed in the EBSCO Host, ISI Web of Science, Science Direct, Scielo, Scopus, Spell and Springer databases, and other works according to the defined criteria, being all of them published between 2007 and 2018. 138 papers were analyzed and the data were summarized through bibliometrics. Subsequently, the content and thematic analysis techniques were used through the creation of a priori and a posteriori categories and emerging themes. The results of the meta-analysis of the literature showed an increasingly evolving research scenario. When the umbrella terms and definitions were analyzed, similarities and distinctions in definitions were found to be related to constraints or to the attribution of new characteristics generated by tensions and controversies, therefore hindering a homogeneous definition of the phenomenon and excluding some initiatives that could be considered part of SE. The design of the integrative framework consisted of the organization of collaboration, sharing, reuse and exchange activities as a dimension assigned to the eight categorizations resulting from the analysis. The aim was to offer a holistic understanding, encompassing the multiple faces, fluidity and dynamics of the phenomenon. As a result, it was shown that the metamorphosis of SE reveals itself in a spectrum in which the various social actors engage in different organizational formats ranging from commons and decentralization orientation to profit and centralization orientation, culminating in, for example, social activism, hybridism, market update and financialization of digital platforms. Although SE can be used as an alternative or a second way to society's empowerment in the search for solutions to several economic, environmental and social issues, the conclusions present some serious consequences caused by the transmutation of the phenomenon. Thus, whether the sharing economy will be a new socioeconomic synthesis where new social relations of production and exchanges with greater protagonism of the common good will prevail, or the market co-optation will turn it into a new phase of capitalism, it is a question that only the future will answer.

In a scenario of international concern to face the climate change by reducing carbon emissions, especially from fossil fuels, investment in renewable energies has been a way adopted in many countries. However, as every investment requires the analysis of its viability, it is necessary to use appropriate methodologies for this purpose. In this sense, there is a great dichotomy among financial scholars about what is the investment analysis model that brings the most effective information to the entrepreneurs. For some, discounted cash flow (DCF) is the most appropriate. For others, the real options theory (ROT) is considered the method that best assists the entrepreneurs in making their decisions. Besides some approaches say to exist a complementarity between the DCF and the ROT. Given the above, this study supports the thesis that, although complementary, ROT and DCF have divergent views when applied to a renewable energy investment project, depending on its propensity for success or failure. The main objective of this thesis is to contribute to the theoretical advancement of investment analysis methods by empirically evaluating their effective application to real data from 244 renewable energy projects from ANEEL's reserve energy auctions held between 2011 and 2015. This thesis is composed of three studies. The first aims at identifying the characteristics that effectively differentiate the ROT from the DCF. The second one aims at estimating the most important factors for making a wind power and photovoltaic project more likely to be successful in its implementation. Finally, the third one proposes to develop a statistical model capable of estimating the probability of a wind and photovoltaic project entering commercial activity. The contribution from this thesis can provide the entrepreneur with better decision making regarding his/her investment projects.

In the area of Administration, considering the field of study of the Strategy in Organizations, within the themes of interest in this field, are the determining factors of the creation of competitive advantages. The adoption of modularity as a competitive strategy presents broadly discussed in the context of the development of new products, considering the methodologies and techniques of project management, in the context of production management, and in the context of Operations and Logistics management. The lack of quantitative research on the subject, verified during the bibliographic review, especially in the Brazilian automotive industry, where the research on this subject, mostly under a qualitative view, shows that the realization of empirical studies on modularity is still relevant, especially considering commonality as the construct. In this study, the modularity indicative selected, as the research construct was the degree of commonality of pieces, being the independent variable; and the index of costs of development of new products in which the modular architecture was a selection design strategy as a competitive advantage of cost reduction, was the dependent variable. The research considered vehicle designs of an automaker located in Brazil, with the participation of Brazilian engineering. It has been established, as a general objective to detect evidence that greater commonality of parts is associated with less engineering effort. To achieve this objective, it was adopted a quantitative approach to conduct a descriptive and exploratory empirical study through a case study. Data from parts of a family of products developed on the same platform were collected through subsequent engineering projects, as well as data on work force engineering costs spent on the development of these products. The analysis of the data found verified that the degree of commonality presents an apparent impact on the cost of developing new products whose design architect is modular, evidencing that this research reached the proposed objective. However, given the specific nature of the case studied, needs more researches to make possi-ble the generalization of the findings.

The regionalization of health is a principle and organizational guideline of the Unified Health System SUS. From the year 2000, it became more relevant through inductive mechanisms of the federal government, with a view to overcoming the fragmentation of healthcare actions and services and the gaps in the public assistance. The strategy of regionalized networks was taken up by the Ministry of Health in 2010, through the establishment of Health Care Networks (HCN), aiming to guarantee the integrality of care based on the systemic integration of health actions and services. This study aims to analyze the systemic integration of health care, based on the perception about the therapeutic itinerary of the users of the Breast Cancer Care Line, in the context of regional health management, looking for the factors that constrain the conformation of the Health Care Network to People with Chronic Diseases / Axis Oncology in the state of Bahia. For that, a cross-sectional, retrospective, exploratory and descriptive study was carried out using a quantitative and qualitative approach, and the theoretical contribution of the analysis of public policy networks. The investigation had as information sources: official documents semi-structured interviews with users of the breast cancer care line and the nonparticipant and participant observation technique, within the Health Secretariat of the State of Bahia. The data of the empirical study were analyzed in the light of the concept of systemic integration, in its macro and micropolitical dimensions, corresponding, respectively, aspects related to the organization of health care networks in health regions and the management of health service networks. The results show that the organization of health care networks in the regional territory still reproduces the logic of the health care model based on the supply and not on the needs of the population. There is a strengthening of the network of service providers in urban centers, and there are gaps in care in medium and high complexity, whose has been occupied by the private sector no complementary to the SUS, especially from the secondary level of health care. Despite the relevance of Primary Health Care (PHC) to reordering the health care model, it does not present itself as the main entrance, coordinating care and ordering of the network. The therapeutic pathway demonstrates the permeability of this phenomenon to the individual and situational aspects, with a multiplicity of entrance doors in the network, whose intermunicipal and / or interstate flows, and access to the different points of health care, evidence the existence of geographical accessibility and socio-organizational barriers. It is argued that the homogeneous design of integrated and regionalized networks and their normative, although important, are not enough to face the complex problems of the Brazilianreality, given the diversity of intra and inter-regional contexts, territorial and urban dynamics, that the so inctor effort to transform scenarios can not be overestimated, since the process of networks and regionalization are eminently political phenomena.

This study investigates the determinants of a more solidary program - the Purchase of Africans for Africa - PAA Africa - in the recent agenda of the Brazilian Cooperation for International Development (Cobradi). The Brazilian government created, in 2010, the PAA Africa, inspired by a national public policy of institutional purchasing - the Family Agriculture Food Acquisition Program – PAA. The PAA Africa aimed promoting food and nutritional security and generating income for vulnerable farmers and communities, in five (5) African countries. This case study shows how the South-South Cooperation (SSC), which intensified in the last 20 years, had been criticized for its overlap with economic and political interests of the so-called emerging powers. Originally inspired by the Third World project (which called for solidarity between the countries of the South, since Bandung Conference, in the 1950s), over the years, the SSC has taken an increasingly technical approach and approximate to the traditional Official Development Assistance (ODA), regulated by the OECD. An extensive analysis in the final documents
of important international forums, whether from SSC or OECD, showed the path of increasing approximation of both modalities, and even called for them to complement and share common objectives. A detailed presentation of the Brazilian experience of the PAA demonstrated why the PAA Africa can be considered a program with more solidarity characteristics, as it faces the intense dispute over the rural development and food systems project common in developing countries. Based mainly on interviews with the key actors in the creation of the PAA Africa, this research rescued subjectivities and data, which were organized in dimensions considered decisive for the creation and maintenance of such a program in international cooperation. The analysis of the PAA Africa case
concluded that factors such as the substantive participation of organized civil society; a progressive government, intent on political advocacy on the international cooperation agenda; the favorable geopolitical context, among others, were decisive for the materialization of a South-South Cooperation program aligned with the "Bandung spirit".

Since the level of development of a country started to be related to its effort towards science, technology and innovation (LUNDVALL, 2005; NELSON, 2002; FREEMAN, 1995, 1998), the university-industry collaboration (UIC) has been stimulated by governments around the world and has become object of interest of academic studies. However, the distinct institutional nature of university and industries, associated to the complexity that involves the process of creation as well as knowledge transference, create management challenges to the partnerships making transactions costs high. Due to the lack of studies with such approach for a better understanding of the relation established in the UIC, this study aims to analyze to which extent behavioral assumptions and the dimensions of the transaction costs are present in the UIC and influence in the results. It was carried out a descriptive and explanatory research on contracts of UIC financed by FINEP, in the period between 2000 and 2010. The use of quantitative and qualitative techniques of data analysis, as the evaluation of the content analysis and hierarchical clustering in a sample of 28 UIC contracts, revealed that the behavioral assumptions and the dimensions proposed by the Theory of Cost Transactions are pertinent to the analysis of management collaboration and influence their results. Furthermore, it was noticed that, although the actor characteristics and the UIC object can interfere in the increasing or diminishing of transaction costs, the management aspects are the most important conditions for soothing the expectation and limited rationality effects and possibility of occurrence of opportunistic behavior by the protagonists of the UIC. It was also observed that the analyzed interactions showed a great diversity of academic and technological results which are strongly associated to the mitigating factors as “partner’s binding” and “industry interest on the achievement of the aims of the project”.

This Doctoral thesis had as its goal the analysis of what are the changes of contents and of conditions for the teaching work inside the context of precariousness of work, since the 1990’s, considering the specificities of public and private Superior Teaching Institutions of Salvador, Bahia. The current work presents a critical view to the complexities found by professors of public and private Superior Teaching Institutions inside the neoliberal context, focusing on the perception, from the practice of the professor, to the tendency towards precariousness of the teaching work, as it follows the same logic of the managerial organizations. The secondary data were produced through bibliographic research. The primary data were produced through the fulfillment of partially structured interview performed with professors from the courses of Management and Accounting Sciences of public and private Superior Teaching Institutions, looking towards the gathering of data that have enabled to perceive the particularities of the relations between public and private Superior Teaching Institution precariousness contexts. In order to build up the gathering of data instrument, the option chosen was a focal group composed by five professors and the research was fulfilled with eight professors, without Mastering degree, with Mastering degree, with Doctoral degree and in coordination positions, belonged to the following courses: Management and Accounting from public Superior Teaching Institution, located in Salvador and in Camaçari, Bahia. In order to analyse the data gathered, it was used the Collective Subject Discourse, which intends, through the subject’s discourse, to analyse the collective opinion’s thinking (LEFÈVRE, 2003). It was perceived that the discourse becomes unique and that, after the management reform of the 1990’s, the Public University assumes the hegemonic logic. Embracing the World Bank recommendation, the private superior teaching turns into a company like all the others. The goal is the profit by profit and the quality, besides all the efforts of measuring, is visibly left down in the last level. There are fundamental points: the neoliberal ideology and the searching for relaxation and subcontracting. This process leads to a decomissioning in relation to a shared world, what blocks the creation of long links, favoring the obsolescence of values like responsibility, respect and solidarity. The frenetic movement imposes the fragility of the links, an empty and destructive hyperactivity.