Oral mucositis is an acute inflammation of the mucosa, which can occur after chemotherapy or radiation oncological therapy. This disease is associated with severe pain that can compromise the patient's chewing, swallowing and phonation. Its diagnosis is based on the identification of inflammatory changes and the appearance of ulcerations on the surface of the oral mucosa in patients undergoing those treatments. Its diagnosis in subclinical stages, however, would allow the early initiation of treatment, reducing the morbidity associated with the lesions. Thermography is a diagnostic imaging method that identifies body temperature through the emission of infrared radiation, and in this way can identify inflammatory processes in tissues. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the thermal behavior of oral tissues and the development of oral mucositis in people undergoing chemotherapy by means of infrared thermography. Methodology: Eleven patients diagnosed with multiple myeloma or lymphoma were measured bilaterally using an infrared thermal camera (FLIR ONE PRO, FLIR Systems, Wilsonville, Oregon) before the start of oncological chemotherapy (T1), 24 hours (T2), 48 hours (T3) and seven days (T4) after the start of chemotherapy. The temperature delta was calculated at each of the evaluated times, using the initial temperature (T1) as a reference. The values were related to the clinical presence of oral mucositis and to the performance of photobiomodulation in the oral tissues (regardless of the time when it started during the seven days of this study). Results: A lower temperature variation was observed in patients submitted to photobiomodulation. In patients who received photobiomodulation and developed oral mucositis, there was a lower temperature variation, especially in the period of 24 hours after the beginning of chemotherapy (T2). After seven days (T4), no differences were observed in the temperature of the tissues evaluated. Conclusions: These results indicate that temperature changes after chemotherapy are early, while the clinical manifestation of oral mucositis occurs late, when temperature tends to normalize. Thermography seems to be a promising tool for the early localization of sites that will develop oral mucositis.

Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) represent one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Atherosclerosis is part of this group of diseases and in its most advanced stage atheromas can originate, with a high risk of thromboembolic events and fatal outcome. Calcified atheromas in the large cervical blood vessels may be incidental findings on computed tomography (CT) scans in dentistry. Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of calcifications in the large cervical blood vessels by means of CT scans of the face of patients with and without CVD, treated at the Dentistry Service of the Professor Edgard Santos University Hospital (HUPES) of the Federal University of Bahia (UFBA). Methodology: This is an observational study in which the presence of calcified atheromas and other mineralization in the cervical facial region was evaluated in multidetector CT scans of the face performed between 2016 and 2023 in adult patients with and without a diagnosis of CVD. The calcified atheromas identified were classified according to their extent in the vascular lumen and location. A descriptive analysis of the findings was performed and the association of the variables with the chi-square test and Fisher's exact test was tested. The odds ratio (OR) was also calculated for a probability of error of 5%. Results: A total of 389 patients were eligible for this study, 278 with CVD and 111 controls. Calcified atheromas were identified in 131 (33.6%) examinations, and the external carotid artery was the most affected, especially in the region between the base of the mandible and the hyoid bone. It was observed that the risk factors most associated with the presence of calcified atheromas were systemic arterial hypertension and diabetes mellitus. The test group had a significantly higher number of atheromas that affected more than 50% of the vascular lumen than the control group, with a OR of 7.4 and adjusted for sex and age of 5.3. Conclusion: Calcified atheromas in the carotid artery are more frequent in people with CVD and may be a predictor of its severity. Thorough evaluation of CT scans of the face is recommended to detect soft tissue mineralization that may contribute to the diagnosis of CVDs in asymptomatic patients.

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: The present study aimed to evaluate the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in the subgingival biofilm of patients with COVID-19 and to correlate SARS-CoV-2 with periodontal inflammation. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, subgingival biofilm was collected from 28 healthy individuals and 67 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19. They were categorized into periodontal health [absence of bleeding on probing (BoP) and clinical attachment loss (CAL); n = 48]; gingivitis [BoP + probing depth (PD) < 4mm + absence of CAL; n = 37); or periodontitis (PD ≥ 5mm + CAL; n = 10). One pool of dental biofilm was obtained for each individual (shallow subgingival) independently of periodontal state, in periodontitis cases, another sample was collected from the deepest site. All samples were tested for the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA using the qRT-PCR technique. Chi-square analysis and t-test were applied to evaluate associations between the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA and its quantification and periodontal diagnosis (p≤0.05). RESULTS: SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected in subgingival biofilm of 35.8% (n=24) of individuals with COVID-19; whereas there was no detection in individuals without COVID19. SARS-CoV-2 was detected in 27.9% (n=12) of participants with periodontal health, 50% (n=12) with gingivitis, and none with periodontitis. It was not possible to detect any association between periodontal diagnosis and SARS-CoV-2 RNA presence (p ≥ 0.09 or quantification (p ≥ 0.31). CONCLUSION: SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected in the shallow subgingival biofilm, but not in the subgingival biofilm of deep periodontal pockets of patients with COVID-19. The present findings confirm the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in subgingival biofilm, independently of 21 periodontal status. Anywise, this highlights the critical need to unravel the virus interaction with local microbiota.

Oral and intestinal mucositis are debilitating inflammatory conditions that can affect individuals undergoing chemotherapy in the treatment of cancer. Changes in immune and inflammatory responses and in the microbiota are factors involved in the development of mucositis that can be influenced through the use of probiotics which are intentionally ingested live microorganisms that confer health benefits to the host in adequate concentrations. Therefore, the use of probiotics in the control of oral bacterial dysbiosis opens up a new and promising path for the preventive treatment of oral mucositis. The aim of this work was to evaluate the role of a probiotic on oral mucositis secondary to cancer chemotherapy in hamsters. Syrian hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) of the golden lineage were used, which were divided into three groups. The animals in the test group received probiotic supplementation before the start of chemotherapy with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) administered intraperitoneally; the positive control group underwent chemotherapy only; and the negative control group didn’t receive food supplementation or chemotherapy. The study lasted ten days. The clinical evaluation of the animals showed a significant reduction in body mass (p< 0.05) in the three groups throughout the experiment. After assessing the amount of food intake over time, it was observed that the control groups had a significant reduction in daily feed intake (p= 0.04 in the negative control group and p= 0.003 in the positive control), while in the test group a decrease in daily intake was smaller and not significant (p=0.28). All animals in the positive control and test groups clinically presented oral mucositis, but no significant difference was observed in its severity between the groups in the clinical (p=0.18) and histological (p=0.46) evaluation. In the histological evaluation, most specimens from the test group (71%) didn’t present an inflammatory reaction in the evaluated area, although no significant difference was found in relation to the positive control group (p=0.5). These results demonstrated that supplementation with the tested probiotic, in the duration and amount used, didn’t significantly reduce the incidence or severity of oral mucositis, but it may be associated with a better recovery and increased food intake of the animals from the effects caused by the chemotherapy used

BACKGROUND: Oral Squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) accounts for 90% of oral and oropharyngeal neoplasms and may be preceded by potentially malignant oral disorders (PMOD). The progression of SCC involves the negative regulation of epithelial markers such as E-cadherin and also histopathological parameters such as histological grading, tumor budding (BT) and tumor-stroma ratio (TER) can help in the diagnosis and better prognosis of SCC. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the immunoexpression of E-cadherin in DOPM and CPB comparing with morphologically healthy tissue, in order to verify the association of this protein with clinicopathological parameters in the different gains of oral carcinogenesis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The expression of E-cadherin was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in paraffin samples from 62 cases of SCC, 84 of DOPM and in 15 morphologically healthy tissues, in addition to verifying the association of immunoexpression with clinical and hispathological cases, such as BT and the TEN. RESULTS: E-cadherin immunoexpression was significantly reduced during the progression of oral carcinogenesis (p=0.0013) and, despite not showing a statistically significant relationship, a relationship was observed between lower E-cad expression and an increase in the number of BT. CONCLUSION: These findings indicate that the reduction of E-cadherin associated with histopathological parameters such as BT and TEN may be a marker event in oral carcinogenesis.

The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is an infection that attacks the immune system, specifically the CD4+ T lymphocytes, leading to an increased risk of low bone mineral density and bone fractures. Recent studies have indicated panoramic radiography as one of the tools that can be used to identify individuals with low mineral bone mass and high risk of fractures through fractal analysis, which is a mathematical method used to describe complex shapes and structural patterns in nature, being expressed numerically as a fractal dimension. The objective of this study was to evaluate the bone architecture in patients with HIV, through panoramic radiographs, using the calculation of the fractal dimension, in comparison with patients who do not have this condition. In order to do so, the selection of the Region of Interest (ROI) was carried out, in four different regions, in the mandible, on the right and left sides. Region 1 corresponded to the subcortical area on the condyle; region 2, above the supracortical area of the mandibular angle; region 3, above the mandibular canal at the distal end of the second premolar; and region 4, anterior to the mental foramen. The sample consisted of 103 (51.5%) patients with HIV (Test Group) and 97 (48.5%) patients without this condition (Control Group). In the comparison by gender, 496 regions were associated with the female gender (62%) and 304 with the male gender (38%), on each side. When comparing the ROIs in the Test and Control groups, there was a statistically significant difference only in ROI 2. Between the right and left sides, there was a statistically significant difference only in ROI 1 in the Control group. When comparing ages, there was statistical significance in all ROIs for females, above or below 40 years old, and, for males, ROIs 1 and 4 (over 40 years old) and ROIs 1 and 3 (under 40 years old). Given these results, it was not possible to differentiate the bone architecture between the groups through the analysis of the fractal dimension

Abstract: Introduction: Describe the histopathological aspects and outline an immunohistochemical profile of chronic sclerosing sialoadenitis (CSS), observing these characteristics in the context of IgG4- related disease (IgG4-RD). Methods: Seventeen cases of CSS were classified according to the histopathological stages of Kuttner's Tumor (SEIFERT, 1992), observing aspects such as chronic focal and diffuse inflammation, periductal fibrosis and sclerosis, reduction of the secretory parenchyma, lymphoid follicles and those that characterize IgG4-RD. All cases were also subjected to immunohistochemical reactions (BCL2, CD3, CD20, CD34, CD163, P63, Cyclin D1, Mast Cell, SMA 1A4, S100A4, IgG and IgG4), being classified according to marking proportion scores and compared with each other. Demographic data such as age, lesion size and presence of sialolith were also included. Results: The lesions were more frequent in men (10:7) and measured an average of 3.9 cm. The most frequent histopathological aspects corresponded to stage 3 of Seifert (1992), observing that three cases met the clinical and histopathological criteria for IgG4-RD (UMEHARA et al., 2020). The histopathological and immunohistochemical profile of SEC revealed that the lesions represent pseudotumors with reactional aspects and, more rarely, with an autoimmune aspect. Conclusions: CSS can be described as a fibroinflammatory lesion, more common in men, which presents as peseudoneoplastic nodules, appearing to rarely develop at the expense of IgG4-RD. The immunohistochemical profile showed an abundant population of CD3-positive T lymphocytes, as opposed to regulatory proteins such as Cyclin D1, showing that populations of CD34- and SMApositive stromal fibroblasts contribute to the characteristic fibrosis of CSS. Three cases were considered potentially a manifestation of DR-IgG4, and there was difficulty in adopting a sufficiently clear criterion to characterize this condition. Although there are many clinical and serological variables described in the literature, which were absent in this study, our results are consistent, detailed and with a relevant number of cases, thus contributing to the study of CSS and its relationship with IgG4-RD.

Introduction: Premature lysis of red blood cells in sickle cell disease (SCD) causes chronic anemia. In an attempt to compensate for this anemia and supply the hematopoietic demand, the medullary portion of several bones tends to increase its activity, becoming hyperplastic. Medullary hyperplasia, however, can determine skeletal changes, such as dentofacial deformities, with maxillary protrusion being well described. Studies, however, that evaluate bone microarchitecture in people with SCD are scarce. Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the mandibular bone microstructure of people with SCD in cone beam and multidetector computed tomography (CT) scans. Methods: Morphometric parameters were analyzed on CT scans of the mandible in people with SCD and in people without this disease or any other disease that affects bone metabolism, matched by gender, age and TC type. The results were compared by Student's t test for paired samples, for an error probability of 5%. Result: Were evaluated 57 CT of people with SCD and 57 CT of people without SCD. This study demonstrated that the mandibular bone of people with SCD presents significantly (p< 0.05) with lower bone density, number of trabeculae, closed pores, connectivity density and fractal dimension. Additionally, they demonstrate significantly (p< 0.05) greater separation of bone trabeculae, and greater frequency of open and total porosity. Conclusions: The mandibular bone of people with SCD is more hypodense with more scarce and dispersed septa, with less pictorial complexity. These signs may contribute to the suspicion of people with SCD who are unaware of their diagnosis and allow the suspicion of the diagnosis and monitoring of the disease, with a view to preventing failures in dental procedures that involve bone manipulation and demand healthy bone tissue.

Patients with heart diseases may have their oral hygiene care neglected due to long
periods of hospitalization, making them more exposed to infections. The study aimed
to identify in saliva microorganisms expressive for nosocomial infections in children
and adolescents with heart disease admitted to a Reference Hospital in Salvador-BA.
The study was conducted with children and adolescents up to 18 years of age and
three saliva samples were collected with swab in the first 24 hours in the ward and
after cardiac surgery in the Intensive Care Unit in the first 24 hours and 48 hours.
Clinical examination was performed using the CPOD-D, ceo-d and Visible Plaque
Index (VPL), in addition, a study instrument was applied. The collected data were
entered into Excel and analysis was performed in SPSS Statistics Program.
Frequencies and measures of central tendency and dispersion were calculated and for
associations the Chi square test was used observing a 95% CI and p value <0.05. The
sample was 50 patients with congenital heart disease with a mean age of 3.63 years
(SD=3.93). The mean IPV was 21.20 (SD = 16.61), CPO-D was 0.82 (SD = 1.83) and
ceo-d was 1.35 (SD = 1.97). There were altered microbiota in 44% of patients, with
Klebsiella pneumoniae being the most prevalent (25%) in the saliva samples and four
patients (8%) had nosocomial infections. Being aged ≤ 12 months, presenting SIRS,
having MV time ≥ 72 hours and Extracorporeal Circulation (ECC) time ≥ 60 minutes
were shown to be associated with altered salivary microbiota (p<0.05). The presence
of the dental surgeon in this environment can reduce the number of contaminations by
pathogens with potential life-threatening and nosocomial infections, consequently
reducing hospital length of stay and hospital costs.

Restorative cements based on calcium silicate are considered transforming biomaterials in
Dentistry because they induce the formation of mineralized tissue, contributing to tissue repair
and regeneration. Other therapeutic resources such as laser photobiomodulation can be
associated with these cements, in an attempt to speed up the regenerative process due to the
induction of several chemical reactions. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate
the effect of laser photobiomodulation (λ 780nm) in the repair of bone defects in the femur of
rats filled or not with different cements based on calcium silicate (BioMTA and Biodentine).
For this, 52 rats underwent surgery to create a standardized bone defect measuring 2 mm in
diameter in the upper third of the lateral side of the left femur of each rat. After making the
bone defect, the animals were divided into 06 groups: BioMTA Group (n=10); Biodentine
Group (n=10); Clot Group (n=6); BioMTA laser group (n=10); Biodentine laser group (n=10);
Laser clot group (n=6), according to defect filling. Laser photobiomodulation (λ780 nm, P = 70
mW, continuous emission, Ф = 0.5 cm2, 20.4 J/cm² per session, t= 300 s, 142.8 J/cm2 per
treatment) was performed immediately after the surgical procedure, and every 48 hours for 15
days. To obtain tissue samples, the animals were euthanized according to the experimental
period of 15 and 30 days after surgery. The surgical specimen removed was sent for histological
analysis by light microscopy. The specimens were processed, evaluated through descriptive and
comparative analysis, and the data were submitted to Fisher's exact statistical test (p=0.05). In
the experimental period of 15 days, there was greater bone neoformation in the BioMTA group
(p<0.05) when compared to the others, as well as in the inflammatory infiltrate criterion when
the groups with laser photobiomodulation were compared to the others. In the 30-day period,
there was no statistical difference in the bone neoformation criterion, however there was a
greater osteoblastic paving (p<0.05) in the Biodentine Laser group when compared to the
others. It was possible to conclude that the association of calcium silicate-based cements with
laser photobiomodulation allowed a decrease in the inflammatory infiltrate and greater collagen
deposition in the period of 15 days. And increased osteoblastic paving and decreased
inflammatory infiltrate in the association of Laser photobiomodulation and Biodentine cement
within 30 days.

The evaluation of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images can considerably alter endodontic treatment decision-making. Thus, given the scarcity of studies that provide data on the frequency of use of CBCT in endodontic indications and the preferences of Brazilian endodontists, this research is justified to investigate the accessibility and frequency of use of CBCT among endodontists. The present work aims to investigate, through an online survey, accessibility, preferences and knowledge about the use of CBCT images among Brazilian endodontists. Invitations for voluntary participation in the virtual survey were sent to members of the Brazilian Society of Endodontics (SBENDO) and to dentists registered as specialists in Endodontics at the Federal Council of Dentistry (CFO) and their respective regions (CRO). The questionnaire consists of 4 blocks of questions about demographic data, professional data, methods used for diagnosis and preferences for the use of CBCT. The questionnaires were sent from November to December 2021. Descriptive statistics and chi-square analysis were performed to compare responses with a significance level of 95%. In Brazil, 70.3% of endodontists use CBCT, most of them graduated 16 years ago, with 10 years of specialization. 3.2% are post-docs, 11.4% are doctors, 18.9% are masters and 66.6% are specialists. The use of this technology is more prevalent in complex cases with a greater indication for diagnosis and evaluation of the internal anatomy, and less for case follow-up. Although it has become clear that most endodontists use the ideal FOV/voxel and indicate with awareness and support the CBCT image. These results highlight the importance of using CBCT in clinical practice, but training and continuing education for the use and interpretation of three-dimensional images are still perceived as necessary, since an important portion showed insufficient knowledge about the technique.

Introduction: The literature exposes the association between workers' oral health, social and occupational aspects. However, for several professional categories, such as workers in the judicial sector, this information and the occupational risks related to work are little discussed. Objectives: To exploratorily verify factors associated with reported TMD morbidity. We also evaluated, descriptively, the impact of oral conditions on the quality of life of workers who make up the Regional Labor Court, 5th region. Methodology: This is a cross-sectional study whose data collection was based on the use of a self-administered instrument adopted by the occupational service and answered by 412 workers between May and November 2019 in addition to the entire year of 2020. The sample was established by convenience, composed of those who answered the instrument within the collection period. The characterization and severity of Temporomandibular Dysfunction were considered from the application of the Fonseca Anamnesic Questionnaire (IAF) where three affirmative answers assigned to the questions on headache report, neck pain, and perceived emotional tension were associated with mild TMD. To identify the severity of impacts on quality of life based on changes associated with the oral and maxillofacial complex, the Oral OIDP (Impacts on Daily Performances) index was applied. Bivariate and multivariate analysis was performed, and for the latter the Hosmer and Lemeshow chi-square tests with Oddis Ratio calculation were used. Results: Regarding the descriptive analysis, about 54.01% of the workers were female, 80.34% lived in the capital of Bahia, married or with stable union represented 67.48%. As for ethnicity, the majority considered themselves non-white with a percentage of 57.66%. Regarding the degree of dysfunction, it was found that 56.56% of respondents reported no TMD, while 33.25% had symptoms associated with mild TMD, 8.98% moderate TMD and 1.22% severe TMD. It is noteworthy that most participants had at least one annual visit to the dentist. In the bivariate analysis for TMD occurrence, significance (P value < 0.20) was less than 0.20, requiring that the variables gender, marital status, physical activity, medical treatment and regular use of medication were analyzed in the multivariate model. As a result, being female represented 1.84 times more chance of TMD occurrence, as well as not performing regular physical activity (Adjusted OR = 1.89; 1.15- 3.11 95% CI) and being under medical treatment for some general morbidity (Adjusted OR = 1.64; 1.01- 2.67; 95% CI). For the OIDP the vast majority (80%) shared that they did not feel an impact on their daily activities as a result of oral problems. Discussion: The established association agrees with the literature by exposing greater involvement of the female public by the dysfunction, and it is important to mention that no impact on daily activities was reported due to oral changes. Conclusions: These results may highlight the need for further research to identify other factors that may affect the TRT-5 population.

Odontogenic Keratocyst (OKC) is a benign lesion and the subject of discussions due to its behavior. Although many studies in Brazil focused on OKC, most of them consist of case reports or series, which are not capable of tracing the real profile of this lesion in the Brazilian population, especially in relation to syndromic lesions. This study aims to describe the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of this lesion in a multicentric sample from Brazil. This retrospective and descriptive study analyzed variables related to sex, age, and presence of multiple lesions in 1253 individuals followed up at 10 Brazilian Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology Centers. Of the 1442 lesions from these individuals, information on clinical diagnosis, size, location, radiographic appearance, signs, symptoms, types of biopsy, treatments performed, and recurrences were analyzed and correlated. The clinical diagnosis of QO was the most pointed out. In the syndromic and non-syndromic groups, a similarity was observed in terms of sex distribution, with a median age of 32 years in the non-syndromic group and 17.5 in the syndromic group. In both spectra and recurrent cases, the posterior region of the mandible was the most affected site, with small and large lesions. The unilocular aspect was the most frequent in the total sample, including recurrent cases; this aspect was mainly linked to small lesions. Signs and symptoms were poorly described on the records, but they were absent in most reported cases. Conservative treatment was the most performed in all age groups, regardless of the patient's condition and recurrences, with combined enucleation as the main treatment for small and large lesions in non-syndromic cases and isolated curettage for large lesions in syndromic cases. Recurrences were infrequent and, when they are present, were predominant in adults, with no difference in sex, with a mean interval of occurrence of 2 years in non-syndromic cases and 1 year in syndromic cases.

Oral cancer includes the lip, tongue, floor of the mouth, and areas covered by the gums. The most common histological type is squamous cell carcinoma, comprising 90% of lesions. The incidence increasing of this disease occurs in several countries and the 5-year survival rate has remained around 50%. Descriptions of patterns and trends provide epidemiological information that can guide policies to better manage prevention and treatment. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the clinical, sociodemographic and time until treatment indicators for oral squamous cell carcinoma in Bahia. It was an observational, retrospective, analytical study of data collected from 2010 to 2017, based on the Hospital Registries of Cancer from INCA and the Mortality Information System from the Ministry of Health of Brazil. Data regarding education, age, sex, race, smoking and alcohol consumption, location, staging, time from consultation to treatment and mortality data were collected. Data were tabulated and statistical analysis was performed with Minitab version 20.4 and OriginPro version 9.7.0.188 softwares. There were 1,889 cases of mouth cancer, most of them belonged to men (75.8%), between 50 and 59 years of age (31.9%), of mixed race (68.6%), with complete elementary education (43.7%), smokers (48.4%) and alcoholics (37.3%). The most affected region was the tongue (C02) (29.2%) and the most frequent stage was 4 (41.8%). Statistically significant associations (p < 0.05) of sociodemographic variables with location and staging of the oral lesion were observed. It was noted that most patients are diagnosed within 30 days, however, most do not receive treatment within 60 days of diagnosis. Mortality rates showed an upward trend for both sexes, particularly between seventh and eighth decades of life and in the base of the tongue (C01).

Dental plaque biofilm is the main etiologic factor for dental caries and periodontal diseases. However, its visualization is difficult, and the use of disclosing agents is a laborious and unpleasant process. Therefore, plaque identification through an automatic process is important. The present research aimed to apply a Convolution Neural Network (CNN) model to segment dental plaque in intraoral digital photographs without the use of disclosing agents. The dataset used to evaluate the proposed system included 480 intraoral photos including lateral and frontal views of permanent and deciduous dentition, contemplating the presence and absence of orthodontic appliances. The photographs were divided into three subsets: 360 images were used for training; 60 photos were used for validation; and 60 photos were used for testing. All images have been labeled by a specialist dentist with over 30 years of experience. The U-Net architecture was used for image segmentation. Metrics of accuracy, sensitivity, specificity and F1 score were used to evaluate the performance of the model in each dental unit. The trained model obtained 91.8% accuracy, 67.2% sensitivity, 94.4% specificity and 60.6% F1 score. These metrics were chosen for their easy interpretability (accuracy), their use in health areas (sensitivity and specificity) and for weighting unbalanced classes (F1 score). A higher plaque fraction was observed in the lateral view images, as well as in the images with orthodontic appliances. These images also exhibited higher F1 scores (61.7% and 61.5%, respectively) and specificity (94.5% and 95.6%, respectively). In conclusion, a deep learning method for segmenting dental biofilm in permanent and deciduous dentitions is feasible and could be a visual aid tool to improve oral hygiene and patient control of dental plaque.

Purpose: To evaluate the changes and complexity of bone trabeculae of the jaw in individuals with cancer who were or were not using antiresorptive drugs through panoramic morphometric indices and fractal dimensions (FDs). Methods: This was a retrospective study that analyzed clinical records and panoramic radiographs of individuals with cancer. The risk group (RG) consists of 22 individuals using zoledronic acid (ZA) or denosumab for a minimum period of 12 months. The control group (CG) consisted of 26 individuals without a history of the use of any antiresorptive drugs. Linear measurements were performed to obtain the panoramic radiomorphometric indices and the FD in four different regions of interest (ROIs). Results: In the RG, 72.7% of the patients were using ZA, while 27.3% were using denosumab. Death was confirmed in 36.3% of RG patients, all due to cancer (p = 0.004). In the FD analysis, the ROIs of the mandibular angle (p = 0.000) and premolar region (p = 0.005) of the RG showed significant changes in bone complexity when compared to the CG. In the analysis of panoramic radiomorphometric indices, the mental index showed a significant increase in linear measurements of the RG when compared to the CG (p = 0.008).

Conclusions: The FD analysis of the mandibular angle and premolar angle regions of the RG showed greater bone complexity when compared to patients in the CG. In association with the radiomorphometric analysis of the mental index, we suggest that these locations are possible predictors of incipient changes in the mandibular bone trabeculate in cancer patients using antiresorptive drugs.

This work aimed to study the association between levels of periodontitis severity and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in adults. For this, two studies were conducted: a systematic review with meta-analysis and a cross-sectional study in adults assisted by public health services. The systematic review included 14 articles (24,567 participants). The studies underwent methodological evaluation using the NewcastleOttawa scale. Summary measures (aggregate odds ratio) were calculated using the DerSimonian-Laird method, in addition to performing sensitivity, subgroup and metaregression analysis. Individuals with moderate periodontitis had a higher overall Odds Ratio (adjusted OR= 1.16; CI: 95%= 2.10-5.37; p<0.001), while the OR for severe periodontitis was 1.47 (CI: 95%=1.24-1.69; p<0.001). For the cross-sectional study, a structured questionnaire, oral and anthropometric assessment of the participants was applied. The diagnoses of periodontitis and MetS were established based on two criteria consolidated in the scientific literature. To compare the frequencies of MetS according to the variables, Pearson's and/or Fischer's chi-square test was used, with a p value of 5% and a confidence interval of 95%. Unconditional logistic regression analysis was used to estimate crude and adjusted OR. The OR measures were converted into Prevalence Ratio measures using the Poisson model with robust variance, adjusted and controlled. A total of 259 subjects with a mean age of 53.2 years participated in the study. The occurrence of MS was observed in at least 40% of the individuals, depending on the criterion used. In both criteria for periodontitis, moderate periodontitis was more frequent. There was a positive association between severe periodontitis and MetS both in the crude assessment (OR=1.57; CI: 95%=1.06-2.31; p< 0.05) and in the adjusted assessment (OR=1.58; CI: : 95%=1.01-2.49; p<0.05). The results of this work indicate a positive and gradual association between periodontitis and metabolic syndrome.

The present study aimed to study, through immunohistochemistry, the participation of mast cells in a Warthin tumor series, as well as to describe their demographic characteristics. The sample consisted of 11 cases of Warthin's tumors. For the evaluation of mast cells, the immunoreactive cells were quantified to the mast cell tryptase markers, in 10 fields (400x). The T test and Pearson's correlation were used for statistical analysis. It was observed in the population, predominance by the male sex (72.7%), 100% location in the parotid gland, the treatment was parotidectomy (100%). The analysis of mast cell expression by statistics (p <0.05), did not reveal a significant difference between mast cells x age (p 0.69) and mast cells x gender (p 0.46). The demographic results of the present study corroborate data found in the literature and point to a possible participation of mast cells in tumor developmen

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The aim of this study was to assess the perception of orthodontists, oral and maxillofacial surgeons and laypersons regarding the attractiveness of the face in patients with skeletal class II and simulations of possible treatments for this condition. Dental scans, face scans and cone beam computed tomography scans of 3 model subjects were used. These images were grouped in a software, where the original file was edited in order to achieve a similar skeletal class II for all patients, as well as the different proposed treatments: 1) Compensatory orthodontics with extraction of the maxillary first premolars; 2) Compensatory orthodontics associated with surgical advancement of the chin and 3) Orthodontics associated with combined orthognathic surgery of the maxilla, mandible and counterclockwise rotation of the occlusal plane. These simulations were presented in the form of videos and accompanied by a questionnaire regarding the attractiveness of the simulations generated on the face. The videos were analyzed by 275 evaluators: 109 orthodontists, 91 oral and maxillofacial surgeons and 165 laypersons. Each examiner rated facial aesthetics using a scale from 0 to 10 (0 = poor attractiveness and 10 = excellent attractiveness). The collected data were submitted to ANOVA and Student's T tests, with a significance level of 95%. The most attractive face was achieved by combined orthognathic surgery, followed by compensatory orthodontic treatment with surgical advancement of the chin, compensatory orthodontic treatment, while the least attractive was class II without treatment. The 36-55 age group assigned higher scores in relation to the other age groups, just as blacks gave higher scores in relation to individuals who declared themselves white. Gender did not influence the assessments, but education did, with postgraduate individuals assigning lower scores to the other groups, as well as lay people giving higher scores to orthodontists and oral and maxillofacial surgeons. The results of this study indicate that orthodontists and surgeons awarded similar and lower scores compared to laypersons for all faces, but all groups were unanimous in stating that the face resulting from a skeletal class II is aesthetically unfavorable and that the treatment that generates the most attractive face is the orthodontic preparation associated with combined orthognathic surgery

Orthodontic aligners are a treatment technique increasingly used by professionals and requested by patients, mainly because of its great aesthetic. Although they have existed for about 20 years, few studies have objectively and accurately assessed the quality of the outcome of the treatment performed using this tool. Then, the aim of this study was to assess, by using the American Board of Orthodontics (ABO) grading system, whether the results of orthodontic treatments using aligners are satisfactory and if there is an association between these results and the case complexity, or the patient malocclusion, according to Angle classification, at the beginning of treatment. Pre- and post-treatment records (dental casts, initial cephalometric radiograph, final panoramic or complete periapical set) of 44 patients, treated exclusively with Invisalign® system, were analyzed, according to the ABO grading system. By the evaluation of the initial records, the Discrepancy Index (DI) was measured, and using the post-treatment exams, the quality of treatment results was assessed by the Objective Grading System (OGS). All measurements were digitally performed using OrthoAnalyzer® and Dolphin® softwares. Intra- and interexaminers reliability was assessed by Lin and Bland-Altman coefficients and the data obtained were statistically treated. Means and medians were calculated for each DI and OGS variable, as well as associations between each DI variable or the patient malocclusion, according to Angle classification, and the OGS score, using Wilcoxon rank sum tests. The significance level was set at 5%. Among the 44 patients, the discrepancy was mild in 36, moderate in five, and severe in three, there have been a mean DI of 10.9 points. For OGS, a mean of 21.1 lost points was scored at posttreatment evaluation. No association was found between the initial case complexity (DI) and OGS, although considering each DI variable individually, a significant association (p<0.05) was found at SN-GoGn angle. Regarding the malocclusion present at the beginning of the treatment, 25 patients were Class I, 14 Class II, and five Class III. Class II malocclusion patients had the most points lost in the final evaluation (25 points), followed by those Class I (19 points) and Class III (12 points) patients, with statistically significant difference between them (p<0.05). Thus, since an orthodontic treatment with up to 30 lost points is considered satisfactory, it can be concluded that the use of aligners can produce very acceptable outcomes, especially in patients who have, at the beginning of the treatment, close to normal mandibular plane angle and Class I or Class III malocclusions.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematological neoplasia that is characterized by osteopenia and bone lysis, with a progressive tendency, having as some of the treatment options to chemotherapy with antiresorptive drugs or that interfere in osteoclastic activity or more recently by stem cell transplantation hematopoietic (HSCT), but also some of the therapeutic options can determine bone resorption. Thus, imaging exams are important to assess disease progression and monitor therapeutic response, although there is no specific evaluation for this purpose. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the radiomorphometric characteristics of the mandible of patients with MM in computed tomography (CT) examinations, relating them to the gender and age of the affected people, as well as to the treatment phase. The sample consisted of mandible CT scans of people with MM (test group) and people without hematologic or bone disease, matched for age and sex (control group), in a 1: 1 ratio. From the axial sections, panoramic reconstructions were performed in a standardized way in specific software. In these images, radiomorphometric indices related to bone mineral density were evaluated, namely: Mandibular Cortical Width (MCW), Mandibular Alveolar Resorption Index (MARI) and Panoramic Mandibular Index (PMI), on both sides of the mandible. Intra-examiner reproducibility was tested by the intraclass correlation coefficient and the results between groups were compared by the Wilcoxon and Chi-square test for a 5% error probability. The results showed that the vast majority of test group exams had maxillomandibular osteolytic areas, and although the MCW values were always lower in the CTs of the test group, in all phases of treatment, there was no significant difference in relation to the control group.

The aim of this study is to evaluate the histomorphological changes of the submandibular glands of hypothyroid rats, excretory duct obstruction and LASER phototherapy. We used 56 male Wistar rats (250 to 300 g), divided into 08 groups, separated according to the surgical procedure: euthyroid groups (EU) and hypothyroid groups (HIPO) with and without LASER irradiation and with a 24 or 72 hour death time, after obstruction of the left submandibular excretory duct (LSMG). Each groups were divided in irradiated and nonirradiated with LASER (GaAlAs), 808nm, 40mw, 4.8cm2 / session. After 24h and 72h of obstruction were analyze SMG weight and mucosal and serous acini regarding: degree of acinar cell atrophy; salivary gland edema; degree of glandular fibrosis; and intensity of inflammatory infiltrate. Intra and intergroup comparisons were performed by Wilcoxon, Mann-Whitney and Fisher's Exact Test. The evidence found is that hypothyroidism causes glandular atrophy, with decreased weight and glandular volume. This excretory left SMG (LSMG) causes a sialoadenite with expressive glandular atrophy and progressive and gradual loss of the glandular parenchyma and the secretory units. At 24h and 72h estimates, a low-power LASER (LPL) application modulates the inflammatory process, decreases the relative weight of the HIPO irradiated LSMG groups compared to their non-irradiated EU and HIPO irradiated controls, respectively. Thus, it is concluded that the LPL module the inflammatory process in the HIPO group, however, a glandular obstruction is cause dependent, if does not remove the cause, does not reduce all the inflammatory process and the restoration of normal glandular morphology. Further studies are necessary to better understand the effect of LPL on histomorphological changes and of application of a therapeutic protocol in patients with hypothyroidism and obstructive processes in salivary glands.

Introduction: Developmental odontogenic cysts (OCs) are frequent lesions that affect the maxillo-mandibular complex, their etiology is closely related to the remaining odontogenesis, which are rich in multipotent stem cells (SC). The presence and performance of stem cells in this group of lesions is not clear, but it is believed that their characteristics and properties allow the great morphological and behavioral variation exhibited in the developmental OCs. Objective: To determine the clinicopathological and immunoexpression profile of multipotent stem cell markers, CD44 and CD90, in OCs of the development of a Brazilian population. Methodology: 150 cases of developmental OCs were evaluated, being 74 keratocysts odontogenic (KO), 59 dentigerous cysts (DC), 7 calcifying odontogenic cysts (COC), 4 adult gingival cysts (AGC), 3 glandular odontogenic cysts (GOC) and 1 case for the others, lateral periodontal cyst (LPC), botryoid odontogenic cyst (BOC), orthokeratinized odontogenic cyst (OOC). Data regarding the age and sex of the patients, as well as the location and size of the lesion, as well as the type of biopsy were obtained from the anatomopathological requisition forms. Paraffin sections were obtained from 20 cases of KO, 7 of DC, 7 of GOC, 4 of COC, 2 of AGC, 1 of LPC, 1 of BOC and 1 of OOC and subjected to immunohistochemistry using the immunoperoxidase technique for antiCD44 and anti-CD90. Result: Of the 150 cases of developmental OCs, KO (49.3%, 74) and DC (39.3%, 59) were the most frequent (p = 0.001). The average age found was 32 years old, with no predilection for sex and the most frequent site was the posterior mandible, with KO, COC and GOC showing the largest sizes. The studied proteins CD44 and CD90 showed positivity both in the epithelial component and in the capsule. CD44 showed a similar pattern in the epithelium and capsule, where KO was more positive, followed by DC, and GOC (p = 0.000). For CD90, the epithelial component showed no statistically significant difference, but for the capsule, KO also showed the highest scores, followed by COC and DC (p = 0.000). By separating the lesions into aggressive and indolent ones, the CD44 showed greater positivity for aggressive lesions in the epithelium (p = 0.007) and in the capsule there was a tendency towards aggressive lesions, but without statistical difference. The CD90, again, showed no statistical difference in the epithelium, but the capsule showed superior expression for aggressive cysts (p = 0.006). Conclusion: The immunopositivity of CD44 and CD90 indicates that multipotent CTs can participate in histogenesis and pathogenesis, in addition to possibly influencing the biological behavior of this group of lesions.

Hospitalized patients become predisposed to oral colonization by microorganisms common to the respiratory tract, highly virulent and resistant to antimicrobial agents that can predispose to Respiratory Infections, the most common being Pneumonia Associated with Mechanical Ventilation (VAP).The literature on adults about the subject is vast, but little is known about the problem in the pediatric population. The aim of this study wa to characterize the oral and tracheal microbiota in patients admitted to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit. The study was carried out with children from 05 month-old to 13 years-old admitted to the closed unit of a Reference Hospital. Two microbiological samples were collected in the posterior region of the tongue by means of swabs in all selected patients during the first 24 after admission to the ICU and 48 hours later. Among children on mechanical ventilation, tracheal secretion was also collected. In addition, the caries experience was evaluated using the DMFT and dmft indexes, and the quality of hygiene measured using the visible plaque index. A questionnaire about habits related to oral hygiene and socioeconomic issues was applied. The final sample consisted of 35 patients, with an average age of 5.02 years (SD = 4.22). The DMFT, dmft index was 1.66 (SD = 2.18) and the mean plaque index was 43.03 (SD = 36.93). The most isolated microorganisms at both times of collection and types of ventilation were Klebisiella pneumoniae (15%) and Enterobacter clocae complex (12%). The same bacterial species persisted in both oral collections in 20% of patients. A significant statistical difference was found between being on mechanical ventilation and changes in the oral microbiota (p <0.05).There was no relationship between visible plaque index and DMFT / dmft and oral microbiological changes. However, there was a decrease in the number of brushings after the children were admitted to the ICU. A total of 48.6% of patients never consulted a dentist. Among those who have undergone dental care, 88.3% were through SUS. Through the results obtained, it is possible to see that children hospitalized in the ICU, regardless of the type of ventilation they are submitted to, are susceptible to colonization by respiratory and opportunistic pathogens from the first hours of hospitalization, therefore, care in oral hygiene from the beginning of hospitalization is essencial.

The increase in the number of cases of osteonecrosis of the jaws has brought more emphasis to this type of pathologies in recent years. medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws (MRONJ) is a common consequence mainly in the drugs of the bisphosphonates, denosumab and antiangiogenics category. First described in 1976, florid cemento-osseous dysplasia (FCOD) is a rare lesion present in the mandible, usually asymptomatic, of uncertain etiology and usually diagnosed by routine radiographs, which has osteonecrosis as one of its complications. In order to contribute to a better knowledge of the biological profile of these lesions, the objective of the present study was to characterize clinically and pathologically using H&E, GrocottGomori and PAS stains in addition to fluorescence and polarized light analysis in a series of 44 cases of osteonecrosis of the jaws of different origins, 22 of OMPM and 22 DCOF, diagnosed in the surgical pathology service of the School of Dentistry of the Federal University of Bahia and in the Clinical Center of Head and Neck, Guatemala City, Guatemala, from 2002 to 2019. Both necrotic lesions affected the mandible more frequently (p=0.03, Pearson) and individuals after the fifth decade of life (p=0.04, Student's T). Women (88.63%) and non-white individuals (40.9%) were more affected by the lesion. Histopathologically, they presented superficial bone resorption in "cup" in 100% of the cases, with an inverse association in PMO cases, where, the higher the presence of resorption, the lower the presence of volume increase (p=0, Fisher). Osteomyelitis was present in 82% of the cases, having its presence associated to the presence of bone resorption (p=0.049, Pearson). The presence of bacterial colonies for OPM and DCOF was 90.91% and 100% respectively, with a relevant association for both necrosis (p=0.05, Pearson). Actinomychotic grains were present in both pathologies, as well as Candida albicans. Basophilic "coarse" lines in both pathologies (p=0.03, Pearson), already the "coarse" ones obtained association to moderate bacterial colonies (p=0.04, Fisher). The differences between the mean thickness of bone trabeculae of OPM and DCOF showed a differential between the pathologies (p=0.05, T for student). This study contributes to the knowledge of both bone necrosis, categorizing clinicopathological findings that may in the future facilitate diagnosis, differentiation and understandingof  the etiopathogeny of both osteonecrotic lesion.

The aim of this study was to evaluate, by computed tomography (CT), the relationship
between the roots of the upper premolars and upper molars with the maxillary sinus,
as well as to relate the proximity of these roots to the presence of sinus disorders. The
study included 200 multidetector CT scans of the adult face, in which thin axial
sections, panoramic and transverse maxillary reformats were analyzed. In the images,
a single evaluator analyzed the proximity of the roots of the teeth to the maxillary sinus,
the presence of sinus changes, carious and periapical lesions and endodontically filled
root. The data obtained were submitted to descriptive analysis and Chi-square tests,
for a 5% probability of error. The results showed higher frequency of roots beyond the
maxillary sinus cortex (1,313 roots, 48.5%), followed by the ratio below the cortical
(811 roots, 29.97%) and in contact with the maxillary sinus cortex (582 roots, 21.5%).
For the premolar teeth, the highest frequency was roots beyond the maxillary sinus
floor, and for the molars, most first molar roots were beyond the cortical and the second
molars were below (p <0.0001). No statistically significant correlation was found
between the presence of sinus lesions and teeth with one or more roots beyond the
maxillary sinus floor (p = 0.68). When the association between the presence of sinus

disorders and dental and periapical alterations was tested, the results were not
statistically significant for caries (p = 0.22), nor for teeth with root filled (p = 0.06), but
there was an association statistically significant between the presence of periapical
lesion and sinus lesion (p = 0.007). Sinus changes were more frequent in females (p
= 0.002) and increased with age in this sex (p = 0.0004). It can be concluded that there
is a high prevalence of proximity of the apex of the upper posterior teeth with the
maxillary sinus but this was not associated with the occurrence of sinusopathy.

The present study aims to evaluate the image quality of different protocols and devices of Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) through characteristics of periodontal structures in a subjective way and correlate it with the contrastnoise ratio (CNR), as a way objective measurement of image quality. Thirteen images of CBCT of a dry skull were acquired in 6 different CT scanners (Accuitomo 3D- J. Morita, Kyoto, Japan, CS 9000 and CS 9300- Carestream Dental, Trophy, France, Eagle 3D- Dabi Atlante, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil, i-CAT Classic- Imaging Sciences International, Pennsylvania, USA and Orthophos XG 3D 170- Sirona Dental System, Charlote, USA), and then evaluated by three radiologists. The images were interpreted through multiplanar reconstructions in the CS Dental Imaging 3D module version v3.5.7 software (Carestream Health, Atlanta, USA), and directed questions were asked involving subjective data on the image of bone coverage (BC); classification of vestibular BC according to its presence or absence; evaluation of periodontal ligament space according to characteristics of density and amount of noise present. In these same exams, regions of interest (ROI) were then selected and the CNR of each protocol was measured using the Image J software (National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA). It was concluded that most of the studied protocols presents good image quality for the directed diagnosis of periodontal assessment, however, taking into account the values of the means for subjective assessments and the CNR in the objective assessment, the Accuitomo appliance protocol 60mmx60mm HiFi 180 ° showed superiority over the others.

Oral mucositis (OM) is considered the most severe stomatological complication
associated with antineoplastic treatment, which may cause its interruption. Several
protocols have been proposed for the prevention and control of OM, especially laser
therapy, due to its analgesic, anti-inflammatory and biomodulator potential. This
study’s aim was to evaluate laser photobiomodulation in the treatment of chemo-
induced OM in Hamster mucosa. For this, 36 Hamsters were used, separated into 10
groups, according to treatment (Laser λ660nm and Laser λ780nm) and experimental
times 07, 11 and 15 days. For MO induction, 5-Fluoruracil (5-FU) chemotherapy was
initially applied on days 0 and 1, followed by grooves in the cheek pouch of animals
on days 2 and 3. Photobiomodulation was started on day 0 and reapplied every 48
hours, up to 24h before the animals' death, using a Gallium Arsenide Diode Laser
(GaAlAs), in a daily dose of 2.4J / cm2. The animals were clinically evaluated by
photographs taken before death. After death, samples were collected and specimens
were processed using the histological technique of Hematoxylin-eosin and
immunohistochemistry for antibodies Collagen IV, VEGFA and COX2. The data were
tabulated and statistical analyzes were performed with the aid of the Minitab®
program, version 14, with a level of statistical significance of 5%, using Chi-square
and ANOVA tests. In the histological analysis, persistence of inflammation was
observed without statistical significance. In the immunohistochemical evaluation it was
possible to observe the expression of COX2 and VEGFA, however these were not
significant between groups. In the evaluation of the expression of Collagen IV,
Collagen obtained greater expression in the times 11 and 15 days in the groups that
received treatments with laser 660nm and 780 nm, with statistically significant
differences (p = 0.042) and without difference between the two lenghts. Phototherapy,
in the parameters used, did not contribute to reduce the clinical aspects of
inflammation and the tissue repair process, although the laser at length 780nm was
able to increase the thickness of the epithelium that covered the chemo-induced 

mucositis. As well as not influencing the experimentation of COX2 and VEGFA,
however, it stimulated the expression of type IV collagen in the late stages of repair of
the referred lesions.

Introduction: Although there are diseases related to HTLV-1 infection, the
involvement of oral tissues is not yet clearly established. Objectives: To assess quality
of life (QOL) related to general and oral health, frequency of oral diseases and salivary
flow rate of patients with HTLV-1. Methods: Cross-sectional, observational study, with
a sample of HTLV-1 seropositive individuals, divided into two groups according to the
presence or absence of diseases associated with the infection. Were analyzed: flows
of total unstimulated saliva; changes in the oral mucosa; CPOD Index and Simple
Periodontal Record (PSR). The QoL related to general and oral health were analyzed
through questionnaires on the Profile of Impact on Oral Health (OHIP14) and SF36
respectively. Qualitative variables were analyzed using the Chi-Square and Fischer
Exact tests and quantitative variables were analyzed using the t test and Mann-
Whitney for independent samples. The relationship between independent variables
and OHIP was assessed, in both groups, using multiple regression. In all statistical
tests, a significance level of 5% was applied. Results: The sample consisted of 204
patients, 69 from the symptomatic group and 135 from the asymptomatic group. QoL

related to general and oral health was low in patients with HTLV-1. There was a
difference between groups for all components of SF36 with the exception of the mental
health summary. There was no difference in OHIP between the groups evaluated. The
individuals in the sample had a high frequency of dental and periodontal diseases, and
the symptomatic ones showed a higher frequency of symptoms related to xerostomia
and less salivary flow when compared with asymptomatic patients. Conclusion:
HTLV-1 infection is related to xerostomia symptoms and indices such as DMFT and
salivary flow depreciate QOL, notably in symptomatic patients, negatively impacting
QOL related to oral health.

The biomechanical performance and longevity of minimally invasive ceramic dental
veneers (DVs) is little known. This retrospective cohort study aimed to evaluate the
biomechanical performance and cumulative survival of DV with minimal preparation.
Forty-seven patients (≥ 18 years old) were evaluated. A total of 393 DVs (average 8.5
DVs / patient) were inspected after at least 1 year of installation. The clinical analysis
of DVs was performed based on modified USPHS (United States Public Health
Service) criteria, considering: marginal adaptation and discoloration, superficial
roughness, color match, anatomical shape, presence of ceramic fracture and tooth
fracture, postoperative sensitivity and secondary caries. Additionally, the survival rate
was calculated, and the periodontal status was evaluated considering the presence of
dental plaque, bleeding on probing (BOP), the probing depth (PD), the clinical
attachment level (CAL) and distance of the enamel- cement junction to gingival
margin (ECJ/ GM). The unrestored lingual faces of the teeth were the control. The
mean time of DVs function was 2.03 ± 1.1 years and the Kaplan-Meier results showed
an estimated survival rate of 95.5% at 2 years, without decrease between 3 and 5
years. The most frequent complications, however, liable to repair, were evident
marginal crack through probing (2%), ceramic fracture / crack, in its vertical and/ or
horizontal extension, up to ¼ (2.5%), superficial marginal discoloration (4.1%) and
postoperative sensitivity (5.1%). While partial or total displacement of the restoration
(0.8%), ceramic (1.5%) and dental fracture (0.3%), in addition to evident marginal
discoloration and not subject to polishing (1.3%) were the main documented “absolute
failures”. PS mean values were similar between the restored faces and the control (p=
0.60). However, the restored faces showed higher values about SS frequency
(p<0.0001), JCE-MG distance (p= 0.008) and loss of clinical insertion (p= 0.03).
Therefore, it is concluded that minimally invasive DVs presented satisfactory
biomechanical behavior and clinical longevity, but less favorable conditions on
periodontal tissues were observed; which requires future analysis to identify

associated factors.

Introduction. Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a disease that presents a poor prognosis
and few therapeutic advances. It´s necessary to uncover the mechanisms involved in its
pathogenesis, including the participation of embryonic signaling pathways, such as the
Hedgehog (HH) pathway. This cascade is important for tumor initiation and biological
behavior, as well as maintenance of the tumor stem cell population, with direct reflexes in drug
resistance. Aim. To study the antitumor effects of the X compound on gene expression of HH
pathway components, proliferation and death in OSCC cells. Methodology. The OSCC cells
(HSC3, CAL27, SCC4, SCC9, SCC15 e SCC25) were cultured in DMEM medium. Initially,
cytotoxicity was assessed against different tumor and non-tumor cells by the Alamar Blue
assay. Expression of HH pathway components was assessed by qPCR reactions using TaqMan
Gene Expression Assays ™ after 12 hours of treatment with the test compounds. Viability, cell
cycle and death standard assays in HSC3 cells were performed at different incubation times
with the X compound (18 and 36 μM) by flow cytometry. The morphological alterations were
evaluated through FSC (size / volume) and SSC (granulosity) parameters, obtained by
cytometry. Results. Cytotoxicity analysis of the test compound by Alamar Blue demonstrated
greater sensitivity to treatment in HSC3 cell (IC50: 36 μM) in relation to the other cell types
tested, and it was chosen to the analysis of the effects of the X compound in OSCC cells. The
X compound was able to reduce mRNA levels of the GLI1 transcription factor at the
concentration of 36 μM after 12 hours of treatment. The GLI inhibitor significantly reduced the
cell viability of HSC3 cells after 24 hours of treatment. Cell cycle and death standard assays
demonstrated a significant increase in nuclear fragmentation in the sub-G1 phase and cell death
by apoptosis. Conclusion. The GLI inhibitor significantly reduced GLI1 gene expression,
indicating reduction of HH pathway downstream activity within 12 hours of treatment. In
addition, the test compound significantly reduced viability and promoted a significant increase
in nuclear fragmentation and cell death by apoptosis in OSCC cells.

Caveola is a microdomain of cell membrane, rich in cholesterol and
sphingolipídios, constituted by structural and regulatory proteins denominated
caveolinas (Cav-1, -2, and -3). It corresponds to a lipid raft type and is an
anchoring site of cellular receptors and molecules involved in intracellular signal
transduction pathways, including cancerous cells. The development of cancer
results from the interruption of homeostasis between cell proliferation and
apoptosis. These cells are characterized by high tissue invasion capacity and
metastasis, an event that is dependent on the epithelial-mesenchymal transition
(EMT) process. Through this, the cells undergo changes in their epithelial
characteristics, acquiring an invasive phenotype (mesenquimal). Among EMT
participation in oral cancer, Cav-1 had been described, but litlle is known about
it, as well as regarding Cav-2 and Cav-3. In order to evaluate the participation of
caveolins in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and its relation to EMT, the
present study induced destabilization of the caveolar structure through the
cholesterol depletion assay in OSCC cell line (SCC9). The expression of
Caveolins 1 and 2 was evaluated before and after rupture of the caveolar
structure. Gene and protein expression were measured by qRT-PCR and
Western blot, respectively, and cell sublocalization assessed by
immunofluorescence. Cholesterol depletion resulted in alteration of OSCC cells
morphology at different concentrations of MβCD., as well as decreased cell
proliferation and viability rates. Analysis of CAV-1 transcript expression revealed
increased gene expression in the treated SCC9, over the 24 hours period, at
different concentrations of MβCD: 5 mM., 7.5mM, 10mM and 15mM, in relation
to parental SCC9. The analysis of the CAV 1 gene expression presented a
statistically significant difference (p = 0.0004, Kruskal-Wallis test). There was no
statistical difference for the same analysis in CAV 2 expression (p = 0.1, Kruskal
Wallis test), as well as for the association analysis between the CAV 1 and CAV2
transcripts (p = 0.88, Mann-Whitney test). Cav-1 protein expression was
increased, with subsequent dose-dependent decrease. Only in samples treated
with 5mM MβCD there was a statistically significant difference (p = 0.02, Krukal-
Wallis test). The immunofluorescence assay showed lower cytoplasmic and
membrane labeling intensity in the treated samples for both Cav-1 and Cav-3.
These findings indicate the modulation of cholesterol as a possible mechanism
underlying the regulation of these molecules and activation of EMT in OSCC.

The dental alveolus healing is a physiological process that causes great loss of bone volume, reaching up to 50% in the first 12 months of extraction. The bone volume preservation is fundamental for the treatment with dental implants, mainly in the esthetic region. Different surgical protocols and grafting materials have been used to prevent the reduction of the alveolus thickness after an exodontia. The socket shield technique is a partial tooth extraction surgical approach consisting of leaving a buccal portion of the dental root with the corresponding periodontal ligament in the alveolus to prevent reabsorption of the buccal bone plate. Initially this technique was used for the immediate placement of dental implant and filling the space of the root portion removed with biomaterial. The objective of this study was to evaluate the socket shield technique in the preservation of the alveolar ridge after tooth extraction without immediate implant placement, comparing with the minimally traumatic exodontia. A randomized controlled clinical study was conducted with 31 patients requiring only one dental extraction in the anterior or premolar region. Fifteen dental extractions were made by the socket shield technique (test group) and sixteen dental extractions were made by the minimally traumatic technique (control group). All alveoli were closed with a free gingival graft. Cone-beam CT scans (CBCT) were performed immediately after dental extractions and also at 100 postoperative days (PO), both in the patients in the test group and in the patients in the control group. Eight linear measurements were made in the sagittal plane and nine linear measurements in the axial plane of the patients' initial and final tomographies to evaluate the preservation of the alveolar ridge. The results showed that there was reabsorption of the alveolar ridge after the socket shield technique, both in vestibular height (-0.15 ± 1.30 mm) and palatal (-0.91 ± 2.24), as well as in width (-0.76 ± 2.75mm). The width of the alveolar ridge presented less resorption in the test group (p = 0.04), although the buccal bone plate presented greater resorption in thickness (p = 0.05). Therefore, it can be concluded that, within the limits of this study, after the socket shield technique, reabsorption of the width and height of the alveolar ridge occurs, with reabsorption of the alveolar ridge in width being smaller and reabsorption of the buccal bone plate in thickness is higher when compared to minimally traumatic exodontia. Due to the difficulty of the socket shield technique, the experience and previous training of the dental surgeon should be considered to indicate this technique.

Odontogenic myxoma (OM) is a benign aggressive odontogenic neoplasm whose pathogenesis has not yet been well understood. Pathogenic mutations have been described in benign epithelial odontogenic tumors (OT), such as ameloblastomas and adenomatoid odontogenic tumors; however, the molecular pathogenesis of OM is still poorly characterized, making it difficult to develop a personalized treatment. New generation sequencing (SNG) is one of the methods used to trace the molecular profile of pathologies and is already being used to identify genetic mutations and single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with many odontogenic lesions. In order to find genetic mutations in the MO, new generation sequencing (SNG) was performed in nine cases using the Ion AmpliSeq ™ Panel Cancer Hotspot Panel v2, which investigates 2,855 mutations in 207 amplicons of 50 genes. After quality control, three samples were excluded from the study and only six samples were followed in the experiment. The SNG revealed five single nucleotide variants: KDR (rs1870377); TP53 (rs1042522); PIK3CA (rs2230461); KIT (rs3822214); JAK3 (rs3213409), however no mutation was predicted as pathogenic. In conclusion, these aggressive tumors do not harbor pathogenic mutations in commonly mutated genes in human cancers covered by this panel, or if they do, such mutations probably occur in a low proportion of cases.

The objective of this research was to perform a three-dimensional assessment of craniofacial
features on subjects with sickle cell disease. On this behalf, 70 TC face scans of individuals
with diagnosed SCD (test group), attending Dental Sevice at Edgard Santos University
Hospital (UFBA, Brazil). Those scans were paired up with clinically normal patients (control
group) regarding age and sex, on a 1:1 proportion. All images were assessed using Dolphin
Imaging® software version 11.5 Premium (Dolphin Imaging & Management Solutions,
Chatsworth, California, EUA) and we performed mandibular and condylar, linear and
volumetric, measurements on the 3D module; condyle qualitative assessment on multiplanar
reconstructions; evaluation of the skeletal pattern, through linear and angular values, on
cephalometric reformations; besides upper airways volume, area and linear measurements.
Results showed a very strong intra-examiner agreement (intraclass correlation coefficient of
0,998; p<0,0001) and statistically significant differences for condyle heights (p=0,02), Go-Gn
and Cou-Go (p= 0,008 and p< 0,0001, respectively), with differences also for Cop-Gn (p=
0,008) for men while no statisticaly significant differences were found for women. On
cephalometric analysis, both SN-GoGn (p= 0,02) and Co-A (p= 0,0011) values were increased
whilst the latter kept statistically significant in women (p= 0,001) when evaluation was made
according to the patient’s gender. Evaluation of the upper airways showed significant smaller
measurements for volume and area (p= 0,007 and p= 0,02 respectively) on test group. One can
conclude that these results indicate a tendency of a lower mandibular and condylar growth,
especially in men affected with SCD, which, combined with cephalometric finds cope with a
vertical growth resultant associated with maxillary protrusion, representing a hyperdivergent
Class II skeletal pattern. Upper airways are diminished on SCD subjects, which is in accordance
with the presented skeletal pattern.

The consumption of illicit drugs represents a worldwide important public health
problem, causing relevant systemic diseases, including neoplasms. Biomarkers, such as
AgNOR, may enable the identification of cellular alterations, diagnosis and prognosis of
oral lesions. The aims of this study were to evaluate and to compare the proliferative
activity of oral epithelial cells from crack-cocaine addicted and non-addicted health
(controls) persons using nucleolar organizer regions (NORs) silver impregnated staining
(AgNOR). The sample was composed by 88 male subjects ( ≥ 16 years old), divided in
two groups: the first one with 44 crack and (or) cocaine users, assisted by chemicallydependent support institutions(DQ), and the other one with 44 non-users volunteers
(NDQ), all attended at the Integrated Clinical discipline of the School of Dentistry of
the Federal University of Bahia (UFBA). The participants answered a semistructured
questionnaire about general health and drugs addiction. Clinically, intact exfoliative
cytology of the chew mucosa and slide smears were obtain, processed and stained by
the AgNOR technique. AgNORs were counted by a single trained examiner. The mean
AgNORs was significantly lower in the crack-cocaine addicted group than in the nonaddicted group (p = 0.04), as also the percentage of cells with 3 or 4 AgNOR / nucleus
(pAgNOR> 3 and> 4) (p ≤ 0.02). It can be concluded, within the limitations of this
study, that the use of crack and (or) cocaine reduced the proliferative activity of oral
epithelial cells.

Microcephaly is a malformation in which the head is smaller in size according to sex and age. It is considered to be rare, capable of compromising neurological development, and has a complex and multifactorial etiology. The significant increase in the number of cases observed since October 2015 in Brazil and the recent discovery of the Zika virus, as a new etiological agent, mobilized the scientific field and public policies in the health area. This study aimed to describe the orofacial alterations of children with microcephaly resulting from fetal exposure to the Zika virus, accompanied at the Irmã Dulce Social Work Institution in Salvador, Bahia. It is a census study, with a cross-sectional and descriptive design. Through the collection of primary data, the characteristics of the buccal cavity were observed through clinical examination for changes in dental and periodontal structures, fundamental lesions and pathological conditions common in childhood; in addition, a specific questionnaire regarding aspects related to oral health was applied to mothers. Information regarding the identification and general health of the children participating, results of laboratory exams and tomographies could be obtained in the medical records and pre-existing databases. The oral conditions and alterations of the study population were described and, prospectively, potential associations between variables of interest and observed alterations were verified. The results pointed out important orofacial alterations in the study population, with a high prevalence of development of enamel defects, oval palate and dolichocephalic facial pattern, as well as alteration in chronology and eruptive sequence. Since children are in the phase of decline, it is important to continue the follow-up of orofacial development, as well as to evaluate the impact of these changes on the stomatognathic system. The knowledge of the possible orofacial alterations in children with microcephaly due to the Zika virus will be fundamental for the incorporation of the dentist surgeon in the multiprofessional teams and implementation of accompanying protocols and measures of health promotion, prevention and early intervention.

INTRODUCTION/OBJECTIVE: The Hedgehog (HH) pathway is activated in the
Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) and may be related to the epithelialmesenchymal
transition (EMT) and cellular proliferation in this tumor. The aim of the
present study was to evaluate the EMT and the cell proliferative potential in OSCC with
the activated HH pathway. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twenty-three positive
GLI1 OSCC cases were submitted to the immunohistochemical reaction for Snail, Slug,
N-cadherin, E-cadherin, β-catenin and MCM3 proteins. Immunoexpression analyzes
were performed in front of invasion and tumor nests and the clinical and pathological
data were evaluated and compared. RESULTS: At the invasive front, OSCC cases
showed positive expression for Snail, Slug and MCM3 in the nucleus of tumor cells and
the loss of membrane and cytoplasmic expression of E-cadherin and β-catenin were
observed. Positive expression for N-cadherin was observed in 31.78% of the cases.
Immunoexpression of GLI1 was associated with loss of E-cadherin expression (p
<0.001), membrane β-catenin (p <0.001) and cytoplasmic β-catenin (p = 0.02). In the
tumor nests, it observes nuclear expression GLI1, Snail, Slug and MCM3. E-cadherin
and β-catenin showed re-established membrane positive expression There was a
positive and statistically significant correlation between GLI1, Snail (p = 0.05), Ecadherin
(p = 0.01) and cytoplasmic β-catenin (p = 0.04). The expression of β-catenin
membrane was related to the presence of matastasis in lymph nodes and to clinical
staging and GLI1 was associated with clinical staging. CONCLUSIONS: The HH
pathway may act to regulate the expression of mesenchymal phenotype. The loss of Ecadherin
and β-catenin expression is related to the front region, while cell adhesion is
re-established in tumor nests independently of MCM3. The expression pattern of Ncadherin
and Slug do not significantly reflect the TEM process in positive GLI1 OSCC

Different techniques of reverse engineering have allowed the acquisition of digital data for computed modelling and printing of prototypes. The accuracy of those methods are essential for medical purposes. The aim of this study is to assess the dimensional accuracy of models from rapid prototyping, obtained from different equipment of reverse engineering: 128 channels Multislice computed tomography (CT), Cone Bean CT with 0.2mm of voxel and tridimensional surface scanner. Five dry mandibles with standardized bone defects were scanned by all three equipment, and were submitted to the same computational modelling. Afterwards the digital files of the dry mandibles were printed as models of rapid prototyping by tridimensional printer, fusion deposition modelling (FDM) technique. Linear measures were conducted at each defect of the prototypes and at the real mandible (gold standard). The results showed no statistical difference among the dry mandibles and the prototypes, however there was statistical difference between the models generated from MSCT and the others equipment of reverse engineering (p=0.02). In relation to the direction of the linear measures, also there was no statistically difference among the prototypes and the gold standard, nevertheless it was observed difference among the MSCT and the others equipment for the horizontal measures(p=0.007) and between the MSCT and CBCT for the vertical measures (p=0.023). As for the location of the measures, there was no statistically difference among the dry mandibles and the prototypes at the posterior region of the mandible (p=0.09), however the measures of the anterior region of the mandible were statistically different among the dry mandibles and the prototypes obtained from the CBCT (p=0.002). Regarding the measure of dimensional error, using the dry mandible as gold standard, there was no statistically difference among the prototypes produced from three different reverse engineering technologies (p=0.45). Despite the significant differences of the dimensional errors between the bone defects at the dry mandibles and their prototypes produced by rapid prototyping via FDM technique, generated by different equipment of reverse engineering, those differences were clinically irrelevant, thus can conclude that the prototypes produced were adequately precise for use in medical purposes.

Segmentation of the maxilla for correction of transverse discrepancies associated with Le Fort I osteotomy is a procedure that need to be performed with relative frequency. The prevalence of morbidity is related to the magnitude of expansion, an appropriate surgical technique and an adequate stabilization of the bone segments during the surgical procedure. The purpose of this study was to evaluate using CBCT and chart analysis, immediate dental and skeletal changes, as well as clinical complications of the maxillary expansion through the Le Fort I osteotomy segmentation between the lateral incisor and the canine. The sample was comprised of 25 patients, submitted to three piece Le Fort I osteotomy associated with maxillary expansion. CBCT were analyzed using the Dolphin® Imaging 11.0 program (Dolphin Imaging and Management Solutions, Chatsworth, California, USA), at time intervals T1 (preoperative), T2 (immediate postoperative). To analyze the differences between measures of the two times interval a Student's t test was used. To evaluate an association between variables, Pearson correlation analysis was used. The results showed a mean crown expansion of the canines and molars, respectively, 1.92 mm (SD 1.92) and 7.28 mm (SD 3.16) and a skeletal expansion of 8.04 mm (SD 1.35), all of these results were statistically significant. Among the complications, 1 patient (4%) presented nasal-oral fistula. Transverse maxillary expansions using segmental Le Fort I osteotomy, with a mean palatal expansion of 8.04mm (SD 1.35), has reduced morbidity, related to complication as: nasal-oral fistulas, necrosis of bone segments and infection. The change in the inclination of the incisors is not associated with postoperative complications. There is a tendency of a parallel expansion, between the crown, root and palate, at the posterior region. The palatal expansion at the posterior region of the maxilla was larger than the expansion in the anterior region.

Occupational Health is a field of knowledge and practices that aims workers health protection
and promotion, by monitoring general health, occupational risks and work conditions. Several
factors in workplace may cause damages to worker’s oral health. Urban waste workers are
exposed to a wide variety of agents, which presents itself as potentially hazardous to both
general and oral health. In this work, we aimed to evaluate dental caries, especially decayed
and lost teeth, as well as temporomandibular dysfunctions and oral mucosal lesions of urban
cleaning waste workers in Salvador, and associated factors, focusing on sociodemographic,
occupational, individual factors and health condition aspects. An epidemiological exploratory
cross-sectional study was conducted from an analytical point of view, involving male workers
from an outsourced company partially responsible for the urban cleaning in Salvador, BA.
Dental clinical exams were performed to collect data of interest of the worker’s oral health
status; questionnaires were applied to obtain information regarding identification and
characterization of the participants, diagnosis of Severity of temporomandibular dysfunctions
symptoms and questionnaire on alcohol habits. Descriptive analysis of the variables of interest
were performed first, followed by an exploratory bivariate analysis by means of Pearson Chi-
Square test, which identified the potentially associated factors with the independent variable
at analysis. As they showed significance (p≤0.20), they were included in a non-conditional
logistic regression model, where finally the raw and adjusted association measures, and
respective confidence interval of 95% (95% CI) were obtained (p<0.05). The 301 male workers
who participated in this study had a mean age of 37.7 years. Mean DMFT of the sample was
8.36, and dental caries prevalence of 49.50%. Decayed teeth was the least frequent
component on DMFT (13.64%).‘Not having oral hygiene orientation’ and ‘not having daily
flossing routine’ were associated with increased occurrence of dental caries. Missing teeth
represented 48.92% of the index. Dental losses were found in 79.73% of the individuals.
Regarding ‘missing teeth’, ‘having 38 years or above’ and ‘occupation time over 4 years’ were
positively associated with lost teeth, while ‘more people living at the same residence’ was
negatively associated with it. Temporomandibular dysfunctions presented 46.85% prevalence.
Occurrence of temporomandibular dysfunctions was higher among participants with ‘less than
38 years old’. The frequency of oral mucosal lesions was 8.64%, with actinic cheilitis being the
most prevalent lesion in this study (2.32%). There was no statistically significant association
related to the occurrence of oral mucosal lesions. In view of the above-mentioned results, it is
possible to conclude that the sociodemographic and individual variables are more predictive
for the oral health status of these workers than work-related variables. Only ‘occupation time
over 4 years’ was an important factor associated with occurrence of dental loss.

Class II malocclusion is commonly associated with a convex facial profile, which displeases many patients. Due to its considerable prevalence in the population and the gap in the literature regarding the repercussions of its treatments in the long term, the objective of this study was to evaluate, through measures and overlaps of cephalometric tracings, changes in the facial profile, which occur with the use of the Kloehn Extra Oral Apparatus (AEOK) and in the long term, Class II, 1st division malocclusions. Cephalometric lateral radiographs of 24 subjects were analyzed in 3 different phases (T1: +/- 12.1 years, T2: +/- 16.4 years and T3: +/- 44.1 years), by means of 2 steps. In the first stage, to evaluate the effects of treatment (T1-T2) and in the second stage, for long-term evaluation (T2-T3). The measurements were: SNA, SNB, ANB, WITS, Y axis, 1-NA °, 1NAmm, nasolabial angle, Holdaway angle, mentolabial angle, 1NB °, 1NBmm, interincisal angle, SNGoGn, GPrPog, U1NPog, L1NPog, upper lip thickness, lower lip thickness, upper lip with E line, lower lip with E line, nasal prominence, upper lip length, lower lip length, chin thickness and soft tissue profile. In addition to the angular and linear measurements, cephalometric sobrepositions were also used to measure the distance between key points of the soft profile (pronasal, upper lip, lower lip and soft pogonion). The results show statistically significant changes in obtaining a skeletal class I and improvement of the profile, through lip repositioning and mandibular development. In addition, long-term follow-up showed significant changes in the profile, with substantial nose growth, labial flaccidity and anterior residual chin growth, even more evident in males. More studies that assess long-term changes are essential and necessary to make treatments more predictable.

Introduction The worker plays a central role in the construction of an effective and
quality health system. In dentistry, which has widely known occupational hazards, the
fragilities to which dental surgeons, dental auxiliaries and dental technicians in the public
sphere are exposed are important in directing policies that provide higher quality of life
for the employees and better service for the population. Aim To evaluate the health
quality of life of professionals working in the Oral Health teams in the city of Salvador-
Bahia, in the years 2016 and 2017, as well as to identify factors associated with it.
Materials and Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out with effective servers of
the Oral Health teams of the city of Salvador, Bahia, in the years 2016 and 2017.
Physical and mental components of the quality of life measured by the SF-36 instrument
was considered as dependent variable and the independent variables was
sociodemographic and occupational aspects present in a closed questionnaire self
applied, structured with 71 multiple choice questions. Descriptive analysis and multiple
linear regression analysis were performed. This study was approved by the research
ethics committee of the Faculty of Medicine of Bahia with number 955.707 of
2015.Results: 230 dentists who responded SF-36 showed better results in the areas of
vitality and functional capacity (51,49 and 51,35, respectively) and worse in general
health and social aspects (43,25 and 46,78, respectively). They had as statistically
significant variables for physical component (p <0.05) postgraduation in Collective
Health, greater autonomy at work and satisfaction with the contribution of work to
society. Lower scores were associated with the presence of children and dissatisfaction
with the patients access to the service and the relationship with the patients. Higher
scores in the mental component were associated with white ethnicity, absence of
children and satisfaction with the relationship with patients, with self-evaluation for work,
with work capacity and with courses and training provided in the service The 192
technicians and auxiliaries in oral health had higher scores on vitality and physical
aspects (52.37 and 46.33, respectively) and worse on general health and functional
capacity (42.21 and 46.33, respectively). Higher scores of the physical component were
related to white ethnicity, team modality with assistant and auxiliary in oral health, 20-
hour working day, public tender, cooperation among hierarchical levels, satisfaction with
disposition to work and presence of physical exercises in the routine The highest score
of the mental component was related to: existence of cooperation between the
hierarchical levels and satisfaction with the capacity of self-evaluation in the work,
disposition, workload and with the relationship with the colleagues. In turn, longer
graduation time negatively influenced this component. Conclusion: Socio-demographic,
occupational and, mainly, the work process influences the quality of life of health
professionals of oral health in the city of Salvador-Bahia and show the need to
implement policies in the area of worker health in order to maintain a good level of this.

This study was carried out with the purpose of studying the profile of Humoral Immune Response by the presence of IgA and total IgG antibodies and anti-Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (Anti-Aa) IgA in total saliva, gingival and serum fluids of healthy patients. periodontal disease (SP) and patients with generalized chronic periodontal disease (CPGD) (AAP-1999), treated at an outpatient clinic of Salvador-Bahia-Brazil. The study groups comprised a population of 20 periodontal health patients (14 women and 6 men) and 20 patients (16 women and 4 men) with (DPCG), with a mean age of 42 years. The time period of 30 seconds was standardized for intra-molecular gingival fluid (GF) collection with periopaper in both groups. The method used for detection of Anti-Aa antibody was ELISA and for analysis of total IgA and IgG were Bethyl-USA reagents are used. The results show significant difference (p <0.001) in total IgA and IgG levels in FG and IgG Anti-Aa in FG and IgA Anti-Aa in total saliva when comparing the fluid values of patients with SP and DPCG. Patients with periodontal health had lower total antibody (Ac) and anti-Aa reactivity levels than patients with DPCG. In the ELISA assays performed in this work the cutoff for saliva IgA Anti-Aa studies was 0.53, with a sensitivity of 85% and specificity of 90%, positive predictive value of 89%, negative predictive value of 85% and efficiency of 87%. The cut-off for IgG Anti-Aa in gingival fluid was 0.095, with 85% sensitivity and 90% specificity, 89% positive predictive value, 90% negative predictive value and 87% efficiency. The data suggest the need for a more accurate calculation of the FG volume for the determination of the concentrations of its molecules, although the time set at 30 seconds for collection in both groups made it possible to observe differences between the data of healthy patients. periodontal disease and patients with periodontal disease. We suggest that this ELISA may be used for the differentiation of anti-Aa IgA levels in saliva and anti-Aa IgG in gingival fluid between patients with DPCG and PS.